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European Quantum Electronics Conference (EQEC)

Electomagnet trap for cold atoms

Bruno Desruelle, Vincent Boyer, S. Murdoch, Guillaume Delannoy, Michel Lecrivain, Philippe Bouyer, Christoph Ira Westbrook, Alain Aspect

Published Jan 1, 1998• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1109/eqec.1998.714921

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Applied Physics Letters•Mar 29, 2010•18 citations
Exitation of atomic levels due to interaction with electromagnetic waves has been the subject of numerous works, both experimental and theoretical. This topic became of interest in accelerator physics in relation to high efficiency charge exchange injection into rings for high beam power applications. Taking equations of resonant atom-wave interaction equations as a basis, this paper shows that there exist some interesting phenomena which lead to the existence of trapped electomagnetic waves (photon traps) in a medium that consists of atoms with transition frequencies in proximity to the wave frequency. These traps may exist in random and periodic lattices, and may have very low loss rate. The atomic medium can serve as an excellent wavegiude or tool to form and transmit electromagnetic waves for applications to accelerators and to electromagnetic devices in general, where high pressure gas use is acceptable. In addition, such traps in gases may accumulate substantial energy for a long period of time, leading to the possibility of creating objects similar (or equivalent) to ball lightning.
Optical traps, including those used in atomic physics, cold chemistry, and quantum science, are widely used in the research on cold atoms and molecules. Owing to their microscopic structure and excellent operational capability, optical traps have been proposed for cold atom experiments involving complex physical systems, which generally induce violent background scattering. In this study, using a background-free imaging scheme in cavity quantum electrodynamics systems, a cold atomic ensemble was accurately prepared below a fiber cavity and loaded into an optical trap for transfer into the cavity. By satisfying the demanding requirements for the background-free imaging scheme in optical traps, cold atoms in an optical trap were detected with a high signal-to-noise ratio while maintaining atomic loading. The cold atoms were then transferred into the fiber cavity using an optical trap, and the vacuum Rabi splitting was measured, facilitating relevant research on cavity quantum electrodynamics. This method can be extended to related experiments involving cold atoms and molecules in complex physical systems using optical traps.
We experimentally demonstrated the transport of cold atoms in a magnetic quadrupole trap in the nonadiabatic regime on the order of the trap period. The trap potential velocity was controlled by varying the currents of the two pairs of anti-Helmholtz coils. We efficiently transported cold atoms with two velocity regimes. For example, with a potential velocity of 18 (28 cm/s), the final velocity of a cold atom cloud is 0.6±2.7 (58.6±1.5 cm/s). The trap motion with proper velocity could expel energetic atoms from the trap, resulting in a decline in temperature of high residual velocity atoms.