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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim (CLEO-PR)

Partial erasing of temporal memory by using picosecond accumulated photon echoes in dye doped polymer film

Ryuzi Yano, N. Uesugi

Published Jan 20, 2003• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The stimulated photon echo memory using persistent hole-burning materials has been attracting much attention as a possible candidate for high-density data storage. Most studies have been related to the writing and reading processes and little attention has been paid for a partial erasing. We demonstrate for the first time that partial erasing of photon echo memory can be accomplished by simply employing a half-wave plate. In a photon echo memory, the write and data pulses with a time separation /spl tau/ excite a hole-burning material. These pulses create a periodic absorption modulation (periodic hole) with a frequency of l//spl tau/ in the absorption spectrum. When the read pulse excites the sample, a stimulated echo pulse is emitted at /spl tau/ after the read pulse, We note that a bit of data is stored as a periodic hole in the sample. A rotation of a half-wave plate inserted in the data pulse path (which induce a retardation of /spl lambda//2) creates two periodic holes that have the same frequency and opposite phase. Therefore, erasing a periodic hole can be done by rotating the wave plate. A dye (Sulforhodamin 640) doped polymer film (polyvinyl alcohol) cooled at 2 K was used as a persistent hole-burning material.

DOI
10.1109/cleopr.1999.814671

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Demonstration of partial erasing of picosecond temporal optical data by use of accumulated photon echoes

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The photon-echo memory[1], or the time-domain optical data storage, resembles the hole-burning memory [2] in that the inhomogeneous absorption line of a material is employed as a storage medium and the information is stored in it as a frequency-dependent absorption change with the resolution determined by the homogeneous width. Having the common memory capacity N given by the inhomogeneous-to-homogeneous width ratio, both types of memories share common problems like low-temperature operation, spectral diffusion and so on. Although a storage medium is common, storage techniques are definitely different for the two memories. The photon-echo memory utilizes the temporal interference effect between a reference pulse and a data pulse and their interference pattern is stored as a population grating in the frequency domain. In this sense this is a time-domain analog of holography where the spatial interference pattern between a reference beam and a data beam is stored in a medium as a population grating in the real space. Like the spatially diffracted beam from the read beam gives the information stored in the hologram, the “temporally diffracted pulse", or the photon echo, after the read pulse can give the information stored in the inhomogeneous distribution.

Spectral Hole-Burning and Related Spectroscopies: Science and Applications•Jan 1, 1991•1 citation
The stimulated photon echo memory using persistent hole-burning materials has been attracting much attention as a possible candidate for high-density data storage. Most studies have been related to the writing and reading processes and little attention has been paid for a partial erasing. We demonstrate for the first time that partial erasing of photon echo memory can be accomplished by simply employing a half-wave plate. In a photon echo memory, the write and data pulses with a time separation /spl tau/ excite a hole-burning material. These pulses create a periodic absorption modulation (periodic hole) with a frequency of l//spl tau/ in the absorption spectrum. When the read pulse excites the sample, a stimulated echo pulse is emitted at /spl tau/ after the read pulse, We note that a bit of data is stored as a periodic hole in the sample. A rotation of a half-wave plate inserted in the data pulse path (which induce a retardation of /spl lambda//2) creates two periodic holes that have the same frequency and opposite phase. Therefore, erasing a periodic hole can be done by rotating the wave plate. A dye (Sulforhodamin 640) doped polymer film (polyvinyl alcohol) cooled at 2 K was used as a persistent hole-burning material.
We demonstrated partial erasing of temporal optical data on a picosecond time scale by use of accumulated photon echoes. In a photon-echo memory the temporal data at time tau are stored as a frequency grating of period 1/tau in the absorption spectrum of a material. Partial erasing of the temporal data is achieved by irradiation of the material with a pulse pair at time separation tau , but the phase of one of the pulses is shifted 180 degrees . This process does not produce a frequency grating, and no echo is emitted. The experiment was performed with a dye-doped polymer film. The 180 degrees phase shift was obtained by use of a half-wave plate.
Spectral hole burning and photon echoes are the techniques for frequency-selective optical memories, which have the potential to increase areal data storage density by a factor 10**7. They also have the capability to perform in-memory data processing. In this thesis, several materials and techniques for optical memories in the frequency- and time domain have been investigated. In the frequency domain, ways to increase the storage density and the working temperature were studied using photon-gated spectral hole burning materials of the metal-tetrabenzoporphyrin derivatives. A selection rule for the electron acceptors in the donor-acceptor electron transfer systems was deduced. By doping the material with two different donors a maximum inhomogeneous line width of more than 30 THz was achieved. A polarization holographic technique was established for the formation and detection of spectral holes. Our results indicate that this technique can provide a better signal-to-noise ratio than that achieved by a conventional holographic technique, in particular for samples of poor optical quality. In the time domain, magnetic field-induced and the intensity-induced dephasing processes were studied in Pr3+ doped in a YAlO3 crystal and a Y2SiO5 crystal, respectively. As a step along the route to make photon echo based optical processing possible, the amplification of photon echo signals by the use of a fiber amplifier (Pr3+-doped ZBLAN) was demonstrated. A gain of 45 was achieved. The erasure of stored data using photon echoes has also been investigated. A technique to diagnose the phase and frequency stability of a light source by the photon echo erasure process was proposed and illustrated. An approach to bit-selective data erasure, that is free from laser phase and frequency fluctuations, is also suggested. A concept for an arbitrary shape pulse generator based on photon echoes and hole-burning was experimentally and theoretically studied. Finally, a comparison between the properties and capabilities of spectral hole burning and photon echoes was made.
It is acknowledged that inhomogeneous absorption bands consisting of narrow homogeneous zero-phonon lines (ZPL) can be used for the purpose of optical data storage in the frequency dimension /1/. Persistent spectral hole-burning (PSHB) /2,3/ has made it feasible to preserve the recorded frequency domain information for a practically unlimited period of time. Via PSHB the inhomogeneous distribution function of the resonance frequencies of the impurity zero-phonon lines can be altered in an almost arbitrary fashion. This, in turn, makes it possible to manipulate the absorption coefficient and correlated to it index of refraction of the optical storage media. On this basis it has been proposed to use PSHB for the shaping of laser pulses via Fourier synthesis /4/. Holographic storage of time domain optical signals in PSHB media was proposed by Mossberg /5/. In the first experiments on the PSHB time domain holography the reproduction of various temporal shapes of picosecond pulses was demonstrated in dye doped polymers cooled to liquid helium temperature /6/. Earlier Zuikov et al. observed correlation between the temporal shapes of nanosecond excitation laser pulses and photon echo signals /7/. Since that time a variety of experiments on time domain holography in different resonant media have been reported (see /8/ and references therein).
Summary form only given. Spectral hole burning (SHB) is a promising technique for optical recording of information with a potential to store in excess of 10/sup 4/-10/sup 5/ bits per /spl lambda//sup 3/ volume (Moerner, 1988). Highest storage capacity is achieved when frequency- or time-domain addressing is combined with addressing in three spatial dimensions by using a bulk SHB medium. However, so far both bit-by-bit and holographic SHB storage experiments were restricted to two spatial dimensions. This is because focusing a laser beam to a small volume inside the SHB medium is hindered by one-photon absorption in SHB material layers. We propose that this problem may be overcome by burning holes via two-photon absorption (TPA) (Demtro/spl uml/der, 1982; Takeda et al, 2000). TPA has been used earlier for conventional spectrally nonselective recording in photo-chromic materials by focusing two perpendicularly directed laser beams (with photon energies /spl planck//spl omega//sub 1/ and /spl planck//spl omega//sub 2/) on to one spot (Parthenopoulos and Rentzepis, Science, vol. 245, pp. 843-845, 1989). Since the sample is transparent for each beam separately, TPA occurs only at the beam intersection point. In this paper, we investigate frequency-selective SHB by TPA in organic dye-doped polymers at low temperature. In our experiments, the SHB medium is essentially transparent for the writing beams, which allows unrestricted penetration and focusing in the depth of the sample.
The photon-echo memory[1], or the time-domain optical data storage, resembles the hole-burning memory [2] in that the inhomogeneous absorption line of a material is employed as a storage medium and the information is stored in it as a frequency-dependent absorption change with the resolution determined by the homogeneous width. Having the common memory capacity N given by the inhomogeneous-to-homogeneous width ratio, both types of memories share common problems like low-temperature operation, spectral diffusion and so on. Although a storage medium is common, storage techniques are definitely different for the two memories. The photon-echo memory utilizes the temporal interference effect between a reference pulse and a data pulse and their interference pattern is stored as a population grating in the frequency domain. In this sense this is a time-domain analog of holography where the spatial interference pattern between a reference beam and a data beam is stored in a medium as a population grating in the real space. Like the spatially diffracted beam from the read beam gives the information stored in the hologram, the “temporally diffracted pulse", or the photon echo, after the read pulse can give the information stored in the inhomogeneous distribution.