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Journal of the Optical Society of America

Analysis of the temperature dependence of ^87Rb lamp profiles

Naimu Kuramochi, Isao Matsuda, N. Oura, Hitohiro Fukuyo

Published Dec 1, 1980• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The temperature dependence of the spectral profile of the 87Rb D1 line (λ = 794.8 nm) observed by a Fabry-Perot interferometer has been discussed by considering the self-absorption mechanism in the lamp. The Rb lamp is assumed to be composed of two separated portions: One is a spherical core of emitting Rb atoms and the other is an outer layer of the same kind of absorbing atoms surrounding the core. The temperature dependence of the emitted light intensity, intensity difference between two hyperfine peaks, and asymmetry of the self-absorbed profiles are systematically explained in the temperature range of 75 to 125°C. The equivalent absorbing atom layer near the lamp surface is estimated to be 0.5 mm in this model.

DOI
10.1364/josa.70.001504

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The temperature dependence of the spectral profile of the 87Rb D1 line (λ = 794.8 nm) observed by a Fabry-Perot interferometer has been discussed by considering the self-absorption mechanism in the lamp. The Rb lamp is assumed to be composed of two separated portions: One is a spherical core of emitting Rb atoms and the other is an outer layer of the same kind of absorbing atoms surrounding the core. The temperature dependence of the emitted light intensity, intensity difference between two hyperfine peaks, and asymmetry of the self-absorbed profiles are systematically explained in the temperature range of 75 to 125°C. The equivalent absorbing atom layer near the lamp surface is estimated to be 0.5 mm in this model.
Spectral profiles of the 87 Rb D 1 line (λ=794.8 nm) are observed by a Fabry-Perot interferometer for a spherical electrodeless lamp (BBL type) which contains 2.8 Torr of Kr as a starting gas. Temperature dependence of the spectral profiles is measured and the characteristics of the observed profiles such as the intensity, width and self-absorption of each hyperfine component line are discussed. From the convolution calculation, the equivalent half widths are estimated to be 1.05 GHz for the e and the f lines and 1.25 GHz for the c and the d lines when the lamp surface temperature is 80°C.
This paper is concerned with experimental studies of the 87 Rb pumping light source, which is composed of a 87 Rb lamp and a 85 Rb filter cell. Spectral profiles of the pumping light were observed by means of a Fabry-Perot interferometer. Measurements were executed by using ten filter cells which contained 85 Rb atoms and various gases (N 2 , Ar and He) under various pressures. As a result, it became clear that the change of the pumping light spectrum with the filter cell temperature was specific to each cell. When we took note of the ratio and the difference of the two components of Rb D 1 line as measures of the filtering effect, the temperature dependence of these values relied on the kind and the pressure of the foreign gas.
This paper deals with the experimental studies of the rubidium (Rb) spectral lamp for the purpose of getting an excellent pumping light source for a Rb gas cell type frequency standard, or for a Rb microwave maser. Some of Rb lamps containing Ne, Ar, Kr, and Ne-Ar as a carrier gas were made by way of experiment. In order to observe the hyperfine spectrum of D1line, the Fabry-Perot type scanning interferometer was made, which is driven electrostrictively. The hyperfine components of D1line were resolved successfully. It was observed that the line which is used as a pumping source became intense as the lamp temperature was raised, and it began to be dipped and decrease, however, over the definite temperature. Also observed was that this optimum temperature differs from the temperature at which the integrated intensity of D1line shows a maximum.
The frequency shifts of the (F = 2, m = 0)--(F = 3, m = 0) transition in the 5 /sup 2/S/sub 1//sub ///sub 2/ state have been calculated for the /sup 85/Rb isotope on perturbation of the unpolarized light of the D1 line (lambda = 794.7 nm) of a spectral lamp as functions of the temperature of the absorbing vapor, the pressure of the buffer gas, and the length of the cell. The change in intensity and spectral distribution in the emitted light as it passes through the cell, containing rubibium vapor, has been taken into account. Experimentally measured contour lines of standard spectral lamps were used in the calculations.
Rb lamp is a very critical component of the Rb atomic clock’s Physics Package. The Rb lamp’s performance is very sensitive to temperature and its stability. In this paper we discuss the behaviors of Rb Lamp with temperature. The Rb lamp exciter power and temperature of Rb bulb are very important parameters in controlling the performance of the Rb Lamp. It is observed that at temperatures beyond 110° C, the lamp mode changes from the ring to red mode resulting in abnormal broadening of emission lines and self reversal. The results of our studies on spectral analysis of Rb lamp under various operating conditions are reported in the paper.