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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems proceedings

Quantum Circuit Design of 8 X 8 Discrete Cosine Transform using its Fast Computation Flow Graph

Chien‐Cheng Tseng, Tsung-Ming Hwang

Published Jul 27, 2005• 29 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper, the quantum circuit design of an 8/spl times/8 discrete cosine transform (DCT) is investigated. The proposed design procedure can be divided into the following three steps. First, the DCT matrix is decomposed into the product of sparse matrices, based on its fast computation flow graph. Second, each sparse matrix is implemented by elementary quantum gates. Third, the sparse matrix circuits are cascaded to obtain the final circuit. The proposed method makes the fast DCT computation algorithm in digital signal processing suitable for implementation in a quantum computer.

DOI
10.1109/iscas.2005.1464716

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In this paper, quantum circuit design of 8x8 discrete cosine transform (DCT) is investigated. The proposed design procedure can be divided into the following three steps. First, the DCT matrix is decomposed into the product of sparse matrices based on its fast computation flow graph. Second, each sparse matrix is implemented by elementary quantum gates. Third, cascade the circuits of sparse matrices to obtain the final circuit. The proposed method makes fast DCT computation algorithm in digital signal processing be suitable for implementation in quantum computer.
In this paper, the 8 /spl times/ 8 discrete Hartley transform will be implemented by using quantum elementary gates such as controlled NOT gates and Hadamard gates. Two steps involved are as follows: first, the discrete Hartley transform matrix is decomposed into the product of several sparse unitary matrices using the structure of fast Hartley transform algorithm. Then, each sparse matrix is implemented by elementary quantum gates and cascade them to obtain the final circuit. The design results show that the proposed design method has less circuit complexity than the conventional Cybenko's method.
In this paper, the quantum circuit design of a discrete Hartley transform (DHT) is investigated. The proposed design procedure can be divided into the following two steps. First, the N-point transform matrix is decomposed into the combination of N/2-point transform matrices and several sparse matrices such that any 2/sup n/-point transform can be computed recursively from the 2-point transform. Second, starting from the 2-point Hadamard transform, the quantum circuit of 2/sup n/-point transform can be designed recursively by using elementary quantum gates. The design results are compared with those of the conventional factorization method to demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed method.
Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) is very important in image compression. Classical 1-D DCT and 2-D DCT has time complexity O(NlogN) and O(N²logN) respectively. This paper presents a quantum DCT iteration, and constructs a quantum 1-D and 2-D DCT algorithm for image compression by using the iteration. The presented 1-D and 2-D DCT has time complexity O(sqrt(N)) and O(N) respectively. In addition, the method presented in this paper generalizes the famous Grover's algorithm to solve complex unstructured search problem.
The Quantum Signal Induced Heap Transform (QsiHT) is an emerging transform in the field of quantum computing, designed to enhance efficiency in signal processing tasks. This transform offers a novel approach for handling large-scale data structures in quantum algorithms, particularly in applications related to quantum image processing and signal decomposition. In this paper, we explore the use of QsiHT in generating various types of the quantum discrete cosine transforms (DCT), including the II-DCT and III-DCT, commonly used in image compression and signal processing. In QsiHT, different paths can be used in the computation, and in this work, we analyze a specific path to make the transformation computation most efficient. The proposed quantum circuits and algorithms for the QsiHT with 3 qubits are described in detail.
The Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) is an integral part of classical image compression, which becomes the basis of the JPEG standard. With advances in quantum computing, there is growing interest in exploring quantum analogues of classical algorithms for such transforms. This paper presents a simulation of the Quantum Discrete Cosine Transform (QDCT) using the Qiskit Python library, applied to standard grayscale images segmented into 8x8 and 4x4 blocks. The QDCT algorithm is formulated as a unitary operator and evaluated using state-vector simulation. Due to the current constraints of quantum hardware and challenges in circuit synthesis, this study focused on simulation results, as direct quantum circuit measurement leads to amplitude collapse and unusable output. The performance of QDCT is quantitative compared to classical DCT using Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR), Structural Similarity Index (SSIM), and compression ratio metrics. The result of this study reveals the feasibility and current limitations of QDCT-based image compression while providing a reproducible benchmark for future quantum image processing research. This study offers a realistic assessment of the potential and technical limitations of QDCT in the context of emerging quantum technologies.