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Átomos de Rydberg em baixas temperaturas.

Luís Gustavo Marcassa

Published Aug 22, 2011• 0 citations
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Abstract

In this work we study in details a sample of Rydberg atoms in a magnetooptical trapo We measured the lifetime of S, P and D 85 Rb Rydberg states for principal quantum number 31 < n < 45, by the pulsed field ionization technique.Our measurements were performed at low density regime, so that collisional and superradiance effects were suppressed.From the obtained results we studied the time evolution of resonant transfer collisions, as a function of the energy difference between the entrance and exit collisional channels.Comparisons with Lhe theory were performed using a semi-classical model, developed by us based on binary interactions.Such a model was able to explain very well, qualitatively and quantitatively the experimental observations.

DOI
10.11606/t.76.2011.tde-22082011-115158

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In this work we study in details a sample of Rydberg atoms in a magnetooptical trapo We measured the lifetime of S, P and D 85 Rb Rydberg states for principal quantum number 31 < n < 45, by the pulsed field ionization technique.Our measurements were performed at low density regime, so that collisional and superradiance effects were suppressed.From the obtained results we studied the time evolution of resonant transfer collisions, as a function of the energy difference between the entrance and exit collisional channels.Comparisons with Lhe theory were performed using a semi-classical model, developed by us based on binary interactions.Such a model was able to explain very well, qualitatively and quantitatively the experimental observations.
In this work we probe the time dynamics of a collisional process involving energy transfer in a sample of cold Rydberg atoms produced in a rubidium magneto-optical trap. The 31S1/2{31S}_{1/2}31S1/2​ population, produced by collisions between the 29P3/2{29P}_{3/2}29P3/2​ and 29P1/2,3/2{29P}_{1/2,3/2}29P1/2,3/2​ states, is monitored as a function of time through the pulsed-field ionization technique. The experimental results were compared with a dynamic model based on a two-body interaction using a 1/R5{1/R}^{5}1/R5 potential. The model can reproduce well the time evolution of this collisional process. We are also able to explain the large electric-field range over which inelastic collisions are possible based on the existence of thresholds where collisional channels open and close.
In this work we measure the time evolution of the population resulting from energy-transfer collisions as a function of the energy difference between the entrance and exit collisional channels using a sample of cold Rydberg atoms produced in a rubidium magneto-optical trap. The 34S(1/2) population, produced by collisions between atoms in the 33P(3/2) state, is monitored as a function of time through the pulsed-field ionization technique. The experimental results are compared with a recent published model based on a two-body interaction considering an attractive potential [Phys. Rev. A 65, 023405 (2002)]]; which is calculated according to a recent Letter by Boisseau et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 133004 (2002)]]. The agreement is remarkable, which suggests the existence of such ultralong range potential proposed by Boisseau et al.
We measure the nS and nD (n = 30–40) state lifetimes of caesium Rydberg atoms in a conventional magneto-optical trap using the field ionization technique, which is consistent with the existing theoretical model through suppressing collisions and super-radiance effects. We also investigate variation of the lifetimes with densities of Rydberg atoms by changing the pulse energy of the dye laser. The results indicate that collisions and super-radiance effects have a large influence on the accuracy of lifetime measurement at high densities of Rydberg atoms.
We measure the total collisional cross-sections of caesium Rydberg nD ( n =37–40) states by measuring the corresponding effective decay rates versus Rydberg atoms density in a conventional magneto-optical trap using the state-selective pulse field ionization technique. The results indicate that the large collisional cross-sections mainly come from the contribution of Rydberg atoms interactions. We also obtain the spontaneous radiative lifetimes of different Rydberg states by fitting experimental data, which are in agreement with the existing theoretical values within experimental error.
Summary form only given. Measurements of Rydberg states lifetime are a powerful test for calculations involving many-body problems and alkali atoms, and have been used as prototypes for such a study. Cold trapped atoms provide an interesting sample to investigate high excited states lifetime with great advantage compared to traditional atomic beam techniques. Effects on measured lifetimes of the excited atoms such as superradiance and collisions may be controlled and even suppressed by using cold atoms held in a trap. In this work we measured the lifetime of a sequence of states S, P and D as a function of the principal quantum number (n). These highly excited states have remarkable properties due to their weakly bound outer electron energies and their electron's large orbit radius. Due to the very weak binding energies, these states tend to be very sensitive to perturbations, such as external electric fields that are used to detect atoms in these states.
In this paper, I review some recent high-precision Rydberg state lifetime measurements using a cold-trapped sample of neutral atoms held in a magneto-optical trap. The measurements were performed in rubidium for the S, P and D states varying the principal quantum number from n =26 to 45 using the field ionization technique. The experimental results were compared with quantum mechanical calculations and good agreement was observed. This is an important demonstration of how cold atomic samples can be used to perform high-precision spectroscopy in the time domain.