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Optical and Quantum Electronics

Spontaneous emission of Eu3+ ions in a cholesteric liquid crystal

P. Carette, C. Li, J. Boyaval, Belkacem Meziane

Published Aug 1, 2003• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1023/a:1025132130480

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arXiv:2101.03571•Applied Physics Letters•Jan 4, 2021•8 citations
With the development of Linear Optics Quantum Computing, a demand for a good single photon source has increased. Here we describe how a cholesteric liquid crystal can be used as a photonic band-gap material to design a single-photon source.We have a dipole embedded in a liquid crystal for which we find the spontaneous emission rate. We calculate the band structureof the cholesteric liquid crystal using the eigenfuncton expansion method and ultimately compute the density of modes. We also determine the field of the dipole embedded inside the cholesteric liquid crystal using the Green's function method from which we determine the spontaneous emmission rate.
Here, we present strong modification of photonic crystals on the spontaneous emissions of Eu3+ ions in YVO4:Eu3+ inverse opal. It is interesting that due to the effect of local field, the 5D0-7FJ radiative lifetimes of Eu3+ ions in the PCs are all prolonged ∼2.5 times in contrast to the grinded reference (REF) in air, consistent with the empty cavity model. The photonic stop band and the radiative lifetime are both highly sensitive to the refractive index of the infiltrated solutions, in accordance with the real cavity model.
Sub-wavelength nanostructured systems with tunable electromagnetic properties, such as hyperbolic metamaterials (HMMs), provide a useful platform to tailor spontaneous emission processes. Here, we investigate a system comprising Eu3+(NO3)3·6H2O nanocrystals on an HMM structure featuring a hexagonal array of Ag nanowires in a porous Al2O3 matrix. The HMM-coupled Eu3+ ions exhibit up to a 2.4 fold increase in their decay rate, accompanied by an enhancement of the emission rate of the 5D0 → 7F2 transition. Using finite-difference time-domain modeling, we corroborate these observations with the increase in the photonic density of states seen by the Eu3+ ions in the proximity of the HMM. Our results indicate that HMMs can serve as a valuable tool to control the emission from weak transitions and, hence, hint at a route toward more practical applications of rare-earth ions in nanoscale optoelectronics and quantum devices.