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Phase space resonances in the quantum dynamics of cold atoms

Andrew G. Truscott, W. K. Hensinger, M. E. J. Friese, Halina H. Rubinsztein-Dunlop, N. R. Heckenberg

Published Jan 1, 1999• 0 citations
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We present experimental results for the dynamics of cold atoms in a far detuned amplitude-modulated optical standing wave. Phase-space resonances constitute distinct peaks in the atomic momentum distribution containing up to 65% of all atoms resulting from a mixed quantum chaotic phase space. We characterize the atomic behavior in classical and quantum regimes and we present the applicable quantum and classical theory, which we have developed and refined. We show experimental proof that the size and the position of the resonances in phase space can be controlled by varying several parameters, such as the modulation frequency, the scaled well depth, the modulation amplitude, and the scaled Planck's constant of the system. We have found a surprising stability against amplitude noise. We present methods to accurately control the momentum of an ensemble of atoms using these phase-space resonances which could be used for efficient phase-space state preparation.

Physical Review A•Aug 6, 2001•23 citations
We investigate the center-of-mass motion of cold atoms in a standing amplitude modulated laser field. We use a simple model to explain the momentum distribution of the atoms after any distinct number of modulation cycles. The atoms starting near a classical phase-space resonance move slower than we would expect classically. We explain this by showing that for a wave packet on the classical resonances we can replace the complicated dynamics in the quantum Liouville equation in phase space by its classical dynamics with a modified potential.
Summary form only given. We represent the first experiment evidence of dynamic tunneling of ultra-cold rubidium atoms. Rather then tunneling through a potential well, an atom tunnels from its initial motion into a different and oppositely directed motion. This process is classically forbidden. To observe this effect we have implemented an experiment that probes the dynamics of cold rubidium atoms in a far detuned optical standing wave. Rubidium atoms are prepared in a standard magneto-optic trap. The light intensity of the standing wave is modulated leading to a quantum chaotic mixed phase space for the atomic dynamics, consisting of regions of regular motion encircled by a sea of chaos. Phase space resonances can be observed as distinct peaks (with non-zero mean momentum) in the atomic momentum distribution.
We present experimental results for the dynamics of cold atoms in a far detuned amplitude-modulated optical standing wave. Phase-space resonances constitute distinct peaks in the atomic momentum distribution containing up to 65% of all atoms resulting from a mixed quantum chaotic phase space. We characterize the atomic behavior in classical and quantum regimes and we present the applicable quantum and classical theory, which we have developed and refined. We show experimental proof that the size and the position of the resonances in phase space can be controlled by varying several parameters, such as the modulation frequency, the scaled well depth, the modulation amplitude, and the scaled Planck's constant of the system. We have found a surprising stability against amplitude noise. We present methods to accurately control the momentum of an ensemble of atoms using these phase-space resonances which could be used for efficient phase-space state preparation.