Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

EIT quantum memory with Cs atomic vapor for quantum communication

Lijun Ma, Oliver Slattery, Paulina S. Kuo, Xiao Hong Tang

Published Sep 1, 2015• 9 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Quantum memory is a key device in the implementation of quantum repeaters for quantum communications and quantum networks. We demonstrated a quantum memory based on electromagnetically-induced transparency (EIT) in a warm cesium atomic cell. The quantum memory system can avoid the need for helium temperature apparatus and it is low cost for bulk scalability.

DOI
10.1117/12.2186639

Related papers

Atomic vapor quantum memory for on-demand semiconductor single photon sources

Esteban Gómez-López, K. Winkler, Jonathan Jurkat +5 more

Quantum memories can substantially increase the efficiency of long-distance communications by synchronizing entanglement swapping operations in quantum repeater nodes. To build a quantum memory, electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in atomic vapors can be exploited to coherently store light pulses even at room temperatures. As a quantum source of light, semiconductor quantum dots (QD) offer bright on-demand single photons with high purity.4 Interfacing QDs with atomic vapors has been shown by “slow light” but a quantum memory for QDs is yet to be demonstrated. In this work, we develop an EIT quantum memory hosted in warm cesium vapor. Storage of faint coherent light pulses on the single photon level shows high storage efficiency. A measured bandwidth in the order of 200 MHz makes the memory compatible with the Fourier-limited emission of QDs embedded in micropillar cavities. We show the first attempts to interface the emission from a QD-micropillar with our quantum memory by finetuning the emission wavelength of the emitters to one of the hyperfine transitions in Cs, where the EIT memory takes place. This work sets the base for a hybrid quantum memory based on atomic ensembles for an on-demand semiconductor single-photon source.

Photonics for Quantum (PfQ)•Jul 19, 2023•1 citation

Temperature Characterization of a Rubidium Vapor Electromagnetically Induced Transparency Quantum Memory

Konrad Artur Socha

Quantum communications aims to bring the quantum advantages to a large network. However, distributing quantum capabilities is a complicated task with many challenges. Electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT) based quantum storage is a candidate for implementation of quantum repeaters for the purpose of overcoming distance limitations in quantum communications. In this thesis we analyze the use of warm rubidium (Rb) vapor as a medium for a quantum memory. Starting by combining the Hamiltonian of a 2 level system with Maxwells equations we will model the interactions between light and the atomic system. We then examine simulations of the system and characterization of key features such as susceptibility and absorption. We are able to compare simulated spectroscopy models with spectroscopy data obtained from experiment to characterize the temperature of a rubidium vapor cell. These findings contribute to the ongoing development of quantum memory systems for efficient quantum repeaters.

•Jan 1, 2025•0 citations

Atomic vapor quantum memory for on-demand semiconductor single photon sources

Esteban Gómez-López, Anja Jovicevic, Karol Winkler +6 more

Quantum memories play a pivotal role in establishing long-distance communication by entanglement swapping operations within quantum repeater nodes. Constructing such a quantum memory involves Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) within atomic vapors at room temperatures to store highly attenuated coherent light pulses down to the level of single photons. The photons may be generated from quantum nodes containing stationary quantum systems, such as atoms or semiconductor quantum dots (QDs). QDs serve as a potent source of quantum light, furnishing bright, precisely timed single photons of exceptional purity. While previous endeavors have demonstrated the integration of QDs with atomic vapors through techniques like “slow light,” the development of a dedicated quantum memory for QDs remains unmatched. In our study, we introduce an EIT quantum memory hosted within warm cesium vapor. Our approach exhibits a good efficiency in storing faint coherent light pulses at the single photon level. Moreover, the measured bandwidth of around 200 MHz approaches the Fourier-limited emission characteristics of QDs. We present initial efforts to match the emission from QDs with our quantum memory and discuss application scenarios of room temperature EIT quantum memories.

Advanced Photon Counting Techniques•Jun 7, 2024•0 citations

Building A Portable Room Temperature Quantum Memory

Ruoxi Wang

Quantum memory provides a platform for building quantum networks in quantum information processing. Applications of said networks include quantum gates for quantum computing and quantum repeaters for long distance quantum key distribution. An optical quantum memory can be realized by a cold atom system combined with electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). However, room temperature quantum memory via vapor cells benefit from its easy operation without the need for laser cooling and trapping, promoting the scalability. In this work, we studied and tested EIT in a Rubidium vapor cell at room temperature, by storing and retrieving a classical light source using probe and control lasers. We also constructed a portable quantum memory system and realized the storage of light at the single-photon level at room temperature. For a future perspective, we designed the quantum memory system with cavities, wishing to breakthrough in storage efficiency. | 37 pages

•Dec 1, 2016•0 citations

Temperature dependence of a warm ensemble based memory on quantum communication rates

Kenny Gregory, Khaled Mnaymneh, Connor Kupchak +1 more

The success of long-distance quantum communication will hinge on quantum repeater nodes equipped with robust and scalable quantum memories. Such memories must possess specific operating characteristics to make these nodes practical. An attractive option for these memory devices is an atomic warm vapor system operating under the conditions of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). These systems are easy to implement and require relatively low equipment overhead. A key metric in atomic-based quantum memory performance is optical depth, as it is closely tied to the strength of light-matter coupling. Here, we simulate and measure the optical depth-based performance of an EIT quantum memory using a warm atomic vapor cell. We then translate the simulated and measured optical depth and efficiency metrics into expected entanglement distribution rates. Our analysis evaluates the feasibility of these memories in optical quantum repeater nodes, which are essential for robust long-distance quantum communication.

quant-pharXiv:2610.23536•IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE)•Oct 19, 2026•0 citations

Effect of anti-relaxation coatings on EIT-based quantum memory in Cs vapor cells

Changhoon Park, Jing Su, Stanley Hsu +4 more

Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is a promising approach for implementing quantum memory, a key component of quantum communication networks. However, its storage time is limited by decoherence, primarily due to atomic motion. Anti-relaxation coatings can mitigate decoherence by minimizing atom-wall interactions. In this study, we experimentally investigate EIT-based quantum memory in cesium vapor cells with different anti-relaxation coatings. We compare the EIT characteristics and storage behavior across different coatings to assess their suitability for quantum memory applications.

Quantum Communications and Quantum Imaging•Sep 18, 2025•1 citation
Quantum memory is a key device in the implementation of quantum repeaters for quantum communications and quantum networks. We demonstrated a quantum memory based on electromagnetically-induced transparency (EIT) in a warm cesium atomic cell. The quantum memory system can avoid the need for helium temperature apparatus and it is low cost for bulk scalability.
Quantum memories can substantially increase the efficiency of long-distance communications by synchronizing entanglement swapping operations in quantum repeater nodes. To build a quantum memory, electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in atomic vapors can be exploited to coherently store light pulses even at room temperatures. As a quantum source of light, semiconductor quantum dots (QD) offer bright on-demand single photons with high purity.4 Interfacing QDs with atomic vapors has been shown by “slow light” but a quantum memory for QDs is yet to be demonstrated. In this work, we develop an EIT quantum memory hosted in warm cesium vapor. Storage of faint coherent light pulses on the single photon level shows high storage efficiency. A measured bandwidth in the order of 200 MHz makes the memory compatible with the Fourier-limited emission of QDs embedded in micropillar cavities. We show the first attempts to interface the emission from a QD-micropillar with our quantum memory by finetuning the emission wavelength of the emitters to one of the hyperfine transitions in Cs, where the EIT memory takes place. This work sets the base for a hybrid quantum memory based on atomic ensembles for an on-demand semiconductor single-photon source.
Quantum communications aims to bring the quantum advantages to a large network. However, distributing quantum capabilities is a complicated task with many challenges. Electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT) based quantum storage is a candidate for implementation of quantum repeaters for the purpose of overcoming distance limitations in quantum communications. In this thesis we analyze the use of warm rubidium (Rb) vapor as a medium for a quantum memory. Starting by combining the Hamiltonian of a 2 level system with Maxwells equations we will model the interactions between light and the atomic system. We then examine simulations of the system and characterization of key features such as susceptibility and absorption. We are able to compare simulated spectroscopy models with spectroscopy data obtained from experiment to characterize the temperature of a rubidium vapor cell. These findings contribute to the ongoing development of quantum memory systems for efficient quantum repeaters.
Quantum memories play a pivotal role in establishing long-distance communication by entanglement swapping operations within quantum repeater nodes. Constructing such a quantum memory involves Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) within atomic vapors at room temperatures to store highly attenuated coherent light pulses down to the level of single photons. The photons may be generated from quantum nodes containing stationary quantum systems, such as atoms or semiconductor quantum dots (QDs). QDs serve as a potent source of quantum light, furnishing bright, precisely timed single photons of exceptional purity. While previous endeavors have demonstrated the integration of QDs with atomic vapors through techniques like “slow light,” the development of a dedicated quantum memory for QDs remains unmatched. In our study, we introduce an EIT quantum memory hosted within warm cesium vapor. Our approach exhibits a good efficiency in storing faint coherent light pulses at the single photon level. Moreover, the measured bandwidth of around 200 MHz approaches the Fourier-limited emission characteristics of QDs. We present initial efforts to match the emission from QDs with our quantum memory and discuss application scenarios of room temperature EIT quantum memories.
Quantum memory provides a platform for building quantum networks in quantum information processing. Applications of said networks include quantum gates for quantum computing and quantum repeaters for long distance quantum key distribution. An optical quantum memory can be realized by a cold atom system combined with electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). However, room temperature quantum memory via vapor cells benefit from its easy operation without the need for laser cooling and trapping, promoting the scalability. In this work, we studied and tested EIT in a Rubidium vapor cell at room temperature, by storing and retrieving a classical light source using probe and control lasers. We also constructed a portable quantum memory system and realized the storage of light at the single-photon level at room temperature. For a future perspective, we designed the quantum memory system with cavities, wishing to breakthrough in storage efficiency. | 37 pages
The success of long-distance quantum communication will hinge on quantum repeater nodes equipped with robust and scalable quantum memories. Such memories must possess specific operating characteristics to make these nodes practical. An attractive option for these memory devices is an atomic warm vapor system operating under the conditions of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). These systems are easy to implement and require relatively low equipment overhead. A key metric in atomic-based quantum memory performance is optical depth, as it is closely tied to the strength of light-matter coupling. Here, we simulate and measure the optical depth-based performance of an EIT quantum memory using a warm atomic vapor cell. We then translate the simulated and measured optical depth and efficiency metrics into expected entanglement distribution rates. Our analysis evaluates the feasibility of these memories in optical quantum repeater nodes, which are essential for robust long-distance quantum communication.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is a promising approach for implementing quantum memory, a key component of quantum communication networks. However, its storage time is limited by decoherence, primarily due to atomic motion. Anti-relaxation coatings can mitigate decoherence by minimizing atom-wall interactions. In this study, we experimentally investigate EIT-based quantum memory in cesium vapor cells with different anti-relaxation coatings. We compare the EIT characteristics and storage behavior across different coatings to assess their suitability for quantum memory applications.