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Springer eBooks

Quantum Entanglement and Decoherence Due to Coupling of Protons to Electronic Environment

Tyno Abdul‐Redah, M. Krzystyniak, C. A. Chatzidimitriou‐Dreismann

Published Dec 13, 2005• 1 citation
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/1-4020-3283-8_31

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Quantum entanglement and decoherence due to electrons-protons coupling

Tyno Abdul‐Redah, M. Krzystyniak, C. A. Chatzidimitriou‐Dreismann

Springer eBooks•Jan 1, 2005•0 citations

Attosecond Quantum Entanglement of Protons and Electrons in Condensed Matter - Neutron and Electron Compton Scattering

C. A. Chatzidimitriou‐Dreismann

Abstract. The “anomalous ” scattering of neutrons and electrons from protons in the electron-volt energy range is described, and related experimental results are presented. Due to the very short characteristic scattering time, there is no well defined separation of time scales of electronic and protonic motions. An outline of a proposed theoretical interpretation is presented, which is based on the fact that scattering protons represent open quantum systems. PACS number: 03.65.Ud 1 Introductory Remarks The counter-intuitive phenomenon of entanglement [1] between two or more quantum systems has emerged as the most emblematic feature of quantum me-chanics. Experiments investigating entanglement, however, are mainly focused on collections of few simple (two- or three-level) quantum systems thoroughly isolated from their environment (e.g., atoms in high-Q cavities and optical lat-tices). These experimental conditions are necessary due to the decoherence of entangled states [2, 3]. In short, decoherence refers to the suppression of quan-tum superpositions caused by the environment. By contrast, quantum entanglement (QE) in condensed and/or molecular mat-ter at ambient conditions is usually assumed to be inaccessible experimentally. However, applying two new scattering techniques (NCS and ECS, see below) which operate in the sub-femtosecond time scale, we provided results indicating that short-lived entangled states may affect measurements in condensed matter even at room temperature [4–6]. The first direct experimental evidence of short-lived (that is, attosecond) QE involving protons in condensed matter was provided by means of the novel neu-tron Compton scattering (NCS) method. Starting in 1995, our experiments on 1310–0157 c © 2006 Heron Press Ltd. 193

•Jan 1, 2006•0 citations

The effect of quantum entanglement on the transfer of proton pairs

新太郎 青木

•Jul 1, 2008•0 citations

The Simplest Double Slit: Interference and Entanglement in Double Photoionization of H 2

D. Akoury, Katharina Kreidi, T. Jahnke +23 more

The wave nature of particles is rarely observed, in part because of their very short de Broglie wavelengths in most situations. However, even with wavelengths close to the size of their surroundings, the particles couple to their environment (for example, by gravity, Coulomb interaction, or thermal radiation). These couplings shift the wave phases, often in an uncontrolled way, and the resulting decoherence, or loss of phase integrity, is thought to be a main cause of the transition from quantum to classical behavior. How much interaction is needed to induce this transition? Here we show that a photoelectron and two protons form a minimum particle/slit system and that a single additional electron constitutes a minimum environment. Interference fringes observed in the angular distribution of a single electron are lost through its Coulomb interaction with a second electron, though the correlated momenta of the entangled electron pair continue to exhibit quantum interference.

Science•Nov 8, 2007•259 citations

Decoherence and entanglement in quantum systems

Journal of Russian Laser Research•Sep 1, 2007•0 citations

Indications of energetic consequences of decoherence at short times for scattering from open quantum systems

C. A. Chatzidimitriou‐Dreismann, Evan MacA. Gray, Tomasz P. Blach

Decoherence of quantum entangled particles is observed in most systems, and is usually caused by system-environment interactions. Disentangling two subsystems A and B of a quantum system AB is tantamount to erasure of quantum phase relations between A and B. It is widely believed that this erasure is an innocuous process, which e.g. does not affect the energies of A and B. Surprisingly, recent theoretical investigations by different groups showed that disentangling two systems, i.e. their decoherence, can cause an increase of their energies. Applying this result to the context of neutron Compton scattering from H2 molecules, we provide for the first time experimental evidence which supports this prediction. The results reveal that the neutron-proton collision leading to the cleavage of the H-H bond in the sub-femtosecond timescale is accompanied by larger energy transfer (by about 3%) than conventional theory predicts. It is proposed to interpreted the results by considering the neutron-proton collisional system as an entangled open quantum system being subject to decoherence owing to the interactions with the “environment” (i.e., two electrons plus second proton of H2).

AIP Advances•May 18, 2011•15 citations
Abstract. The “anomalous ” scattering of neutrons and electrons from protons in the electron-volt energy range is described, and related experimental results are presented. Due to the very short characteristic scattering time, there is no well defined separation of time scales of electronic and protonic motions. An outline of a proposed theoretical interpretation is presented, which is based on the fact that scattering protons represent open quantum systems. PACS number: 03.65.Ud 1 Introductory Remarks The counter-intuitive phenomenon of entanglement [1] between two or more quantum systems has emerged as the most emblematic feature of quantum me-chanics. Experiments investigating entanglement, however, are mainly focused on collections of few simple (two- or three-level) quantum systems thoroughly isolated from their environment (e.g., atoms in high-Q cavities and optical lat-tices). These experimental conditions are necessary due to the decoherence of entangled states [2, 3]. In short, decoherence refers to the suppression of quan-tum superpositions caused by the environment. By contrast, quantum entanglement (QE) in condensed and/or molecular mat-ter at ambient conditions is usually assumed to be inaccessible experimentally. However, applying two new scattering techniques (NCS and ECS, see below) which operate in the sub-femtosecond time scale, we provided results indicating that short-lived entangled states may affect measurements in condensed matter even at room temperature [4–6]. The first direct experimental evidence of short-lived (that is, attosecond) QE involving protons in condensed matter was provided by means of the novel neu-tron Compton scattering (NCS) method. Starting in 1995, our experiments on 1310–0157 c © 2006 Heron Press Ltd. 193
The wave nature of particles is rarely observed, in part because of their very short de Broglie wavelengths in most situations. However, even with wavelengths close to the size of their surroundings, the particles couple to their environment (for example, by gravity, Coulomb interaction, or thermal radiation). These couplings shift the wave phases, often in an uncontrolled way, and the resulting decoherence, or loss of phase integrity, is thought to be a main cause of the transition from quantum to classical behavior. How much interaction is needed to induce this transition? Here we show that a photoelectron and two protons form a minimum particle/slit system and that a single additional electron constitutes a minimum environment. Interference fringes observed in the angular distribution of a single electron are lost through its Coulomb interaction with a second electron, though the correlated momenta of the entangled electron pair continue to exhibit quantum interference.
Decoherence of quantum entangled particles is observed in most systems, and is usually caused by system-environment interactions. Disentangling two subsystems A and B of a quantum system AB is tantamount to erasure of quantum phase relations between A and B. It is widely believed that this erasure is an innocuous process, which e.g. does not affect the energies of A and B. Surprisingly, recent theoretical investigations by different groups showed that disentangling two systems, i.e. their decoherence, can cause an increase of their energies. Applying this result to the context of neutron Compton scattering from H2 molecules, we provide for the first time experimental evidence which supports this prediction. The results reveal that the neutron-proton collision leading to the cleavage of the H-H bond in the sub-femtosecond timescale is accompanied by larger energy transfer (by about 3%) than conventional theory predicts. It is proposed to interpreted the results by considering the neutron-proton collisional system as an entangled open quantum system being subject to decoherence owing to the interactions with the “environment” (i.e., two electrons plus second proton of H2).