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Acta Physica Polonica A

Intensity and Polarisation Bistability in Two Primary-Wave Mixing in Media with Second-Order Nonlinearity

M. Seroczyńska, Andrzej Zagorski

Published Jun 1, 2001• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this pap er w e analyse theoreticall y the trans mission of two strong laser beams through a medium exhibiti ng optical nonlinea rity of the second order combined w ith a linear anisotropy .A standard mo del of two wave mixing w as applie d and closed formulas for intensity and polari satio n state w ere obtained.N umerical calculati ons show that outgoing b eams are very sensitive to the state of incoming beams and to the material characteristics.U nder some realistic condition s we w ere able to obtain bistabil ity of both intensity and polarisati on state.T he results also show how to mo dulate the intensity and polarisati on state of one w ave by another one.PAC S numb ers: 42.

DOI
10.12693/aphyspola.99.655

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In this pap er w e analyse theoreticall y the trans mission of two strong laser beams through a medium exhibiti ng optical nonlinea rity of the second order combined w ith a linear anisotropy .A standard mo del of two wave mixing w as applie d and closed formulas for intensity and polari satio n state w ere obtained.N umerical calculati ons show that outgoing b eams are very sensitive to the state of incoming beams and to the material characteristics.U nder some realistic condition s we w ere able to obtain bistabil ity of both intensity and polarisati on state.T he results also show how to mo dulate the intensity and polarisati on state of one w ave by another one.PAC S numb ers: 42.
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We present a model calculation of optical bistability and polarisation evolution in optically birefringent media based on the interaction of three waves.Second-order optical nonlinearity (described by the third rank susceptibility tensor) is assumed to be dominant.A bistable light transmission is analysed in terms of standard Fabry-Perot model of feedback, and is a direct consequence of the results obtained for a semi-infinite medium.A second effect considered in the paper is evolution of polarisation state of the waves involved in these processes.We derived a closed formula for intensity-dependent refractive index, which corresponds to that used in the case of third-order nonlinear media.As a result, we calculated both intensity • and Stokes parameters of transmitted light.
The behaviour of a F P resonator filled with a nonlinear medium and irradiated by a strong e.m. field nearly resonant with bo th one cavi ty mode and with the medium is bistable (optics1 bistability), the main characteristic feature being tha t the outgoing power can have two distinct values for a proper choice of the parameters defining the state of the entire system. I n view of the interest both from a fundamenta l point of view and from the potent ial applications r the field of integrated optics of bistable devices, a very intensive effort has been made to s tudy the various aspects of OB (1).
In this paper, we provide a complete mathematical model of the phenomenon of optical bistability (OB) resulting from the degenerate two-wave mixing (TWM) process of laser beams interacting with a single nonlinear layer of ferroelectric material. Starting with the electromagnetic wave equation for optical wave propagating in nonlinear media, a nonlinear coupled wave (CW) system with both self-phase modulation (SPM) and cross-phase modulation (XPM) sources of nonlinearity are derived. The complete CW system with full nonlinearity is solved numerically and a comparison between both the cases of with and without SPM at various combinations of design parameters is given. Furthermore, to provide a reliable theoretical model for the OB via TWM process, the results obtained theoretically are compared with the available experimental data. We found that the nonlinear system without SPM fails to predict the bistable response at lower combinations of the input parameters. However, at relatively higher values, the solution without SPM shows a reduction in the switching contrast and period in the OB response. A comparison with the experimental results shows better agreement with the system with full nonlinearity.
In our recent research1, it was suggested that counter-propagating laser beams in a Kerr-nonlinear medium can induce intensity-dependent nonreciprocity which consists in different changes of refractive indecies for both of the waves. Under some conditions, this can result in such directionally asymmetrical effects as (i) directional bistability in a nonlinear ring resonator which allows one to switch the direction of propagation of a dominant mode and (ii) enhancement of the Sagnac effect in a rotating ring resonator.
In the paper, some experimental and theoretical results concerning opatical bistability in cholesteric liquid crystals are presented.A strong primary laser beam interacted nonlinearly with the material and influenced a second (probe) beam in such a way that its transmitted part exhibited a bistable dependence on the intensity of the first beam.It was observed that such a character may be attributed to the intensity of the outgoing probe wave.The obtained results reflect the symmetry of the sample and are interpreted as second order nonlinearity effects.