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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Non-linear dispersive interaction in superconducting circuit QED

Yi Yin, Haohua Wang, M. Mariantoni, Radoslaw C. Bialczak, M. Lenander, E. Lucero, M. Neeley, A. D. O’Connell, D. Sank, J. Wenner, Tsuyoshi Yamamoto, Andrew N. Cleland, John M. Martinis

Published Mar 21, 2011• 0 citations
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It is well known that superconducting waveguides strongly attenuate the propagation of electromagnetic waves with frequencies beyond the superconducting gap. In circuit QED, the interaction between non-linear charge qubits and superconducting resonators invariably involves the qubit coupling to a large set of resonator modes. So far, strong dispersion effects near and beyond the superconducting-gap have been ignored in quantization models. Rather, it is assumed that the superconducting resonator behaves ideally across the large frequency intervals. We present a quantization approach which includes the superconducting frequency-dependent surface impedance and demonstrate that superconducting dispersion plays a role in determining the effective light-matter interaction cut-off.
In this paper, the coherent interaction of individual microwave photons with superconducting qubits is presented both for quantum information processing and for novel quantum optics experiments in the circuit quantum electrodynamics (QED) architecture. In the resonant regime we observe the vacuum Rabi mode splitting. In the non-resonant regime we use the dispersive coupling between the qubit and the cavity field to perform high visibility quantum non-demolition (QND) measurements of the qubit state. In the strong dispersive limit we also perform measurements of the cavity state from which the photon number statistics of the field can be extracted. Generally, the circuit QED architecture is attractive for quantum information processing and as an interface in hybrid quantum systems.
Hybrid circuit quantum electrodynamics (QED) involves the study of coherent quantum physics in solid state systems via their interactions with superconducting microwave circuits.Here we present a crucial step in the implementation of a hybrid superconducting qubit that employs a carbon nanotube as a Josephson junction.We realise the junction by contacting a carbon nanotube with a superconducting Pd/Al bi-layer, and implement voltage tunability of the quantum circuit's frequency using a local electrostatic gate.We demonstrate a strong dispersive coupling to a coplanar waveguide resonator by investigating the gate-tunable resonator frequency.We extract qubit parameters from spectroscopy using dispersive readout and find qubit relaxation and coherence times in the range of 10 -200 ns.