The Uncertainty Principle and the Copenhagen Interpretation

Emory Taylor, Rajan N. Iyer

The atomic absorption and emission process that uses noninstantaneous electronic transitions of the atomic electron (i.e., electric charge), the tangent reference system, the property of speed instantaneity, and the conservation laws leads to a violation of Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, and it is maintained in the atomic absorption and emission process discontinuity that is conserved as the emitted photon's (i.e., electromagnetic radiation's) discontinuity. This leads to a falsification of Bohr's complementary principle that aligns with Einstein's 1909 falsification of it. The violation of Heisenberg's uncertainty principle and falsification of Bohr's complementarity principle falsify the Copenhagen interpretation, because it requires Heisenberg's uncertainty principle not to be violated and Bohr's complementarity principle not to be falsified.

C. I. J. M. Stuart

Hamidreza Shakerin

The common understanding of Copenhagen interpretation of the uncertainty principle and indeterminism in quantum physics is that it is a negation of causal relationships. Having the relationship between the existence of God and causality in mind, some advocates of ontological naturalism assert that by negating causality in modern physics, there remains no room for belief in God as the necessary cause of the world and His actions in it. To examine this claim, I will explain briefly the quantum theory, Copenhagen interpretation of uncertainty principle, and its epistemological position. Next, I will investigate its relationship with causality and divine actions. The article concludes that not only is there no conflict between Copenhagen interpretation and causality, but the former is based on the latter and has complete coherence with the belief in God and His actions in the world. Compared to classical physics, its consistency with direct and special divine actions in the world is more.

Andrey Anatoljevich Grib, Waldyr A. Rodrigues