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arXiv:2609.26341

Non-Markovian Charging of a Micromaser Quantum Battery

N. Massa, D. Ferraro, F. Cavaliere, G. Benenti, M. Sassetti

quant-phSubmitted Sep 22, 2026• Announced Sep 23, 2026• 0 citations
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Abstract

We theoretically investigate the role played by non-Markovianity in the charging of a quantum battery. We focus on the case of a Micromaser, where the energy is stored in a resonant cavity mode and memory effects are introduced and controlled by coupling this mode to a memory ancilla, described as a two-level system, that in turn sequentially interacts with a stream of two-level chargers through pairwise exchange interactions leading to a partial swap. Through numerical analysis, we show that non-Markovian memory effects act as a resource that enhances both the charging capacity and the stability of this device with respect to the Markovian counterpart. We conclude our study showing that the proposed scheme can be implemented in state-of-the-art solid-state platforms for circuit quantum electrodynamics.

Comments
18 pages, 10 figures

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We theoretically investigate the role played by non-Markovianity in the charging of a quantum battery. We focus on the case of a Micromaser, where the energy is stored in a resonant cavity mode and memory effects are introduced and controlled by coupling this mode to a memory ancilla, described as a two-level system, that in turn sequentially interacts with a stream of two-level chargers through pairwise exchange interactions leading to a partial swap. Through numerical analysis, we show that non-Markovian memory effects act as a resource that enhances both the charging capacity and the stability of this device with respect to the Markovian counterpart. We conclude our study showing that the proposed scheme can be implemented in state-of-the-art solid-state platforms for circuit quantum electrodynamics.
In general, a quantum battery unavoidably interacts with its surroundings. Here, we study memory effects on energy and ergotropy of a quantum battery in the framework of open system dynamics, where the battery and charger are individually allowed to access a bosonic environment. Our investigation shows that the battery can be fully charged and all the energy stored in the battery can be extracted in the presence of non-Markovian dynamics, in addition, its energy can be preserved for long times compared with Markovian dynamics. Our results indicate that memory effects can play a significant role in improving the performance of quantum batteries.
Abstract The performance of quantum technologies that use entanglement and coherence as a resource is highly limited by the effects of decoherence due to their interaction with some environment. In particular, it is important to take into account situations where such devices unavoidably interact with surrounding. Here, we study memory effects on energy and ergotropy of quantum batteries in the framework of open system dynamics, where the battery and charger are individually allowed to access a bosonic environment. Our investigation shows that the battery can be fully charged as well as its energy can be preserved for long times in non-Markovian dynamics compared with Markovian dynamics. Moreover, the non-Markovianity increase makes it possible to extract the total stored energy as work and the discharge time becomes longer. Our results indicate that memory effects can play a significant role in improving the performance of quantum batteries.
In quantum mechanics, quantum batteries are devices that can store energy by utilizing the principles of quantum mechanics. While quantum batteries has been investigated largely theoretical, recent research indicates that it may be possible to implement such a device using existing technologies. The environment plays an important role in the charging of quantum batteries. If a strong coupling exists between the environment and the battery, then battery can be charged properly. It has also been demonstrated that quantum battery can be charged even in weak coupling regime just by choosing a suitable initial state for battery and charger. In this study, we investigate the charging process of open quantum batteries mediated by a common dissipative environment. We will consider a wireless-like charging scenario, where there is no external power and direct interaction between charger and battery. Moreover, we consider the case in which the battery and charger move inside the environment with a particular speed. Our results demonstrate that the movement of the quantum battery inside the environment has a negative effect on the performance of the quantum batteries during the charging process. It is also shown that the non-Markovian environment has a positive effect on improving battery performance.
In this Letter, we propose schemes to improve the performance of quantum batteries and provide a new, to the best of our knowledge, quantum source for a quantum battery without an external driving field. We show that the memory effect of the non-Markovian reservoir can play a significant role in improving the performance of quantum batteries, which originates from a backflow on the ergotropy in the non-Markovian regime, while there is no counterpart in Markovian approximation. We find that the peak for the maximum average storing power in the non-Markovian regime can be enhanced by manipulating the coupling strength between the charger and the battery. Finally, we find that the battery can also be charged by non-rotating wave terms without driving fields.
We investigate the open-system dynamics of a micromaser quantum battery in the ultrastrong-coupling (USC) regime. The battery consists of a quantized harmonic mode sequentially interacting, via the Rabi Hamiltonian, with a stream of qubits acting as chargers. USC enhances the charging speed but also induces unbounded energy growth and highly mixed cavity states. Dissipation suppresses this behavior, driving the system to a steady state with finite energy and ergotropy. Using optimal control theory, we show that the interplay between USC and dissipation enhances both charging performance and long-term stability against losses.
Abstract We study the effect of non-Markovianity in the charging process of an open-system quantum battery. We employ a collisional model framework, where the environment is described by a discrete set of ancillary systems and memory effects in the dynamics can be introduced by allowing these ancillas to interact. We study in detail the behaviour of the steady-state ergotropy and the impact of the information backflow to the system on the different features characterizing the charging process. Remarkably, we find that there is a maximum value of the ergotropy achievable: this value can be obtained either in the presence of memoryless environment, but only in the large-loss limit, as derived in (Farina et al 2019 Phys. Rev. B 99 035421), or in the presence of an environment with memory also beyond the large-loss limit. In general, we show that the presence of an environment with memory allows us to generate steady-state ergotropy near to its maximum value for a much larger region in the parameter space and thus potentially in a shorter time. Relying on the geometrical measure of non-Markovianity, we show that in both the cases of an environment with and without memory the ergotropy maximum is obtained when the non-Markovianity of the dynamics of the battery is zero, possibly as the result of a non-trivial interplay between the memory effects induced by, respectively, the environment and the charger connected to the battery.