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arXiv:2609.24415

Dynamical Schwinger Production of Dipole--Antidipole Pairs in a Fractonic Lattice

Celio Rodrigues Muniz, R. N. Costa Filho

Published Sep 21, 2026• 0 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We investigate field-induced excitation production from the unit-filled Mott background of a one-dimensional dipole-conserving Bose--Hubbard chain driven by a periodic quadratic potential, realizing a time-dependent rank-two electric field. Unlike protocols that manipulate pre-existing dipolar or fractonic excitations, we address their production from an initially Mott-like state without prepared dipolar or fractonic excitations. A single correlated hop directly nucleates the compact $|030\rangle$ configuration at the atomic energy $3U$, while a lower manifold derived from $2U$ contains spatially resolved dipole--antidipole configurations. Exact diagonalization shows that finite hopping turns this lower manifold into a dispersive band whose finite-chain edge lies substantially below the compact $3U$ scale. Despite this lower energetic edge, its normalized odd-harmonic spectral weight is perturbatively suppressed as $(J/U)^2$, reflecting virtual hybridization of the initial and final eigenstates. A consistent second-order treatment of the $|1111\rangle\leftrightarrow|0220\rangle$ channel includes diagonal self-energy shifts and predicts a weak-field resonance displacement confirmed by exact time evolution. Extended-chain dynamics shows genuine dipole--antidipole separation together with redistribution into higher-energy many-body sectors. The resulting mechanism provides a condensed-matter analogue of multiphoton dynamical Schwinger production in which exact dipole conservation replaces mobile opposite charges by mobile opposite dipoles, while isolated fractonic charges remain immobile.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.2609.24415

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We investigate field-induced excitation production from the unit-filled Mott background of a one-dimensional dipole-conserving Bose--Hubbard chain driven by a periodic quadratic potential, realizing a time-dependent rank-two electric field. Unlike protocols that manipulate pre-existing dipolar or fractonic excitations, we address their production from an initially Mott-like state without prepared dipolar or fractonic excitations. A single correlated hop directly nucleates the compact ∣030⟩|030\rangle∣030⟩ configuration at the atomic energy 3U3U3U, while a lower manifold derived from 2U2U2U contains spatially resolved dipole--antidipole configurations. Exact diagonalization shows that finite hopping turns this lower manifold into a dispersive band whose finite-chain edge lies substantially below the compact 3U3U3U scale. Despite this lower energetic edge, its normalized odd-harmonic spectral weight is perturbatively suppressed as (J/U)2(J/U)^2(J/U)2, reflecting virtual hybridization of the initial and final eigenstates. A consistent second-order treatment of the ∣1111⟩↔∣0220⟩|1111\rangle\leftrightarrow|0220\rangle∣1111⟩↔∣0220⟩ channel includes diagonal self-energy shifts and predicts a weak-field resonance displacement confirmed by exact time evolution. Extended-chain dynamics shows genuine dipole--antidipole separation together with redistribution into higher-energy many-body sectors. The resulting mechanism provides a condensed-matter analogue of multiphoton dynamical Schwinger production in which exact dipole conservation replaces mobile opposite charges by mobile opposite dipoles, while isolated fractonic charges remain immobile.
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We use the (1+1)-dimensional Schwinger model to investigate the nonequilibrium dynamics of a finite lattice system under a constant external electric field. The lattice Hamiltonian is constructed under open boundary conditions. The vacuum state is prepared using the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE). Scans over the external field strength show the flip of the vacuum state at several field strengths. The critical field strengths agree with theoretical predictions. We further investigate the real-time evolution of the zero-field vacuum under an external electric field using a second-order Trotter-Suzuki decomposition. By comparison with exact diagonalization (ED), we verify that the quantum-simulation protocol reproduces the main features of field-induced boundary charge separation, decay of the vacuum-state fidelity, and quasiperiodic energy redistribution between the electric-field energy term and the fermionic sector. Our results indicate that combining VQE-based state preparation with digital real-time evolution provides a useful approach for studying nonequilibrium dynamics in strong-field lattice gauge theories.