Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:2608.12965

Geometry versus excitation sector in the decoherence of asymmetric $N$-qubit $W$ states

Sougata Bhattacharyya, Sovik Roy, Fatih Ozaydin

quant-phSubmitted Aug 13, 2026• Announced Aug 14, 2026• 0 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We investigate how network geometry and excitation sector separately control pairwise entanglement decay in asymmetric multipartite $W$ states. To disentangle these effects, we introduce an analytically tractable $N$-qubit generalization of the asymmetric Lohmayer geometry and its complementary-excitation partner, yielding inequivalent vertex-base (VB) and base-base (BB) pair classes that can be compared directly with symmetric $W$-state references. We derive closed-form concurrence dynamics under representative one-sided noise models and find that, within either excitation sector, the VB concurrence has exactly the same noise dependence as the corresponding symmetric reference, preserving a noise-independent proportional advantage wherever both remain entangled. The amplitude-damping reordering previously identified for the three-qubit Lohmayer state is therefore a cross-sector effect rather than an intrinsic fragility of the VB geometry. In contrast, the BB pair exhibits a genuine same-sector structural fragility, with lower entanglement-sudden-death thresholds than the VB pair under depolarizing noise and, in the $(N-1)$-excitation sector, under amplitude damping. The results establish network geometry, excitation sector, and noise symmetry as distinct ingredients governing pairwise entanglement robustness in asymmetric quantum networks.

Related papers

Super-Link Fragility in Asymmetric W-Class States under Quantum Noise

Sougata Bhattacharyya, Fatih Ozaydin, Sovik Roy

The asymmetric three-qubit W-class state $|\overline{W_3^L}\rangle$ defines an isosceles entanglement-network geometry, (a) two vertex-base (VB) links form stronger bipartite connections, (b) while the base-base (BB) link is weaker. This suggests that concentrating entanglement into a super-link may be advantageous for quantum-network tasks. Here, we show that this intuition is incomplete. We analytically compare the bipartite concurrence dynamics of the symmetric |W> state and the asymmetric $|\overline{W_3^L}\rangle$ state, which differ both in entanglement-network geometry and excitation sector under standard noise models. In the absence of noise, the concurrence hierarchy is $C_{VB} > C_W > C_{BB}$. Under phase damping, this hierarchy is preserved for all noise strengths and no entanglement sudden death occurs. Under amplitude damping, however, the hierarchy is reordered. The symmetric |W> state becomes the most robust, while the base-base concurrence of $|\overline{W_3^L}\rangle$ vanishes at the finite threshold of parameter $γ$. We term this reordering as the \textit{Super-Link Fragility Effect}. The same structural asymmetry that produces a stronger vertex-base link also makes it more vulnerable to energy dissipation when coupled with multi-excitation amplitudes. Under depolarization, the asymmetry advantage is erased, with $C_W$ and $C_{VB}$ sharing the same sudden-death threshold for some value of the parameter p, while $C_{BB}$ disappears earlier at some other value of the parameter p. The generalized amplitude damping channel continuously connects the damping-dominated regime to the pure-excitation limit, where the initial hierarchy is restored. These results show that entanglement robustness in $W$-class resources is controlled not by initial concurrence alone, but by the joint structure of entanglement-network geometry, excitation sector, and noise symmetry.

quant-pharXiv:2606.12307•Jun 11, 2026•0 citations

Decoherence Mitigation with Local NOT Gates in Multipartite Systems

Venkat Abhignan, Raghav Sundararaman, Shriram Pragash M +2 more

We study the entanglement dynamics of $n=2,3,4$-qubit Bell- and GHZ-type states under an amplitude-damping channel (ADC). We quantify multipartite entanglement using the genuine multipartite concurrence (GMC) and evaluate its utility through the optimal teleportation fidelity. For $2$-qubit states, we analyze the standard (Bennett) teleportation protocol. For $3$- and $4$-qubit states, we study controlled quantum teleportation (CQT) with one and two \emph{controllers}, respectively. Entanglement sudden death (ESD) denotes the abrupt, finite-time disappearance of entanglement caused by decoherence in contrast to asymptotic decay. To counteract ESD, we apply local NOT ($\hatσ_x$) operations on $m$ of the $n$ qubits ($m \leq n$) and derive analytic formulae, revealing that a single-NOT operation often suffices to alter ESD into asymptotic decay when handling GMC. In contrast, teleportation fidelity can decay more rapidly for single-NOT flipped states, whereas flipping all qubits is more useful for preserving teleportation fidelity in certain regimes, highlighting that the amount of entanglement alone does not guarantee teleportation utility. Remarkably, in the case of GHZ-type states, ADC-evolved mixed biseparable states can be exploited successfully in the CQT protocol. Further, using the GHZ-symmetric parametrization, we map the 2- and 3-qubit ADC-evolved mixed states onto a $(x,y)$ plane, revealing their SLOCC (Stochastic Local Operations and Classical Communication) entanglement classes. We also explicitly check the Bell-CHSH nonlocality hierarchy in the 2-qubit teleportation alongside localizable-entanglement diagnostics for 3-qubit CQT. Our results clarify the distinct roles of global versus localizable bipartite correlations and suggest simple, experimentally accessible unitary controls for preserving useful quantum resources in noisy channels.

quant-pharXiv:2604.23556•Physical Review A•Apr 28, 2026•0 citations

Characterizing Entanglement in Combinations of Bell States through Superposition and Mixing: An Increase in Entanglement on Introducing Depolarizing, Phase Damping, and Amplitude Damping Noise

Nishant Chaudhari, Jean-François Van Huele

We systematically characterize quantum entanglement in all sixteen combinations of two-qubit Bell states across three operational regimes: pure superposition, noiseless mixing, and asymmetric mixing of one noisy and one pure Bell state. For pure superpositions, we calculate the von Neumann entropy and show that entanglement depends critically on the relative phase phi between superposed states. For mixed states, we use concurrence C under three physically motivated decoherence channels. The Depolarizing (DP) and Phase Damping (PD) channels are modeled as global, collective operations on the two-qubit Hilbert space, while Amplitude Damping (AD) is treated as independent local decay on each qubit, reflecting the asymmetric, energy-dissipating nature of spontaneous emission. A central and counterintuitive result is that increasing noise can raise concurrence in specific parameter regimes across all three channels. We further map the boundary between mathematical entanglement (C > 0) and operational quantum non-locality using the Horodecki criterion, finding this boundary to be strongly channel-dependent. Under Phase Damping, the Bell-local entanglement regime vanishes entirely for identical and same-bases mixtures, meaning any surviving entanglement guarantees a CHSH violation. Under Depolarizing noise, a large Bell-local region requires mixing probability r > 1/sqrt(2) to recover non-locality at maximum noise. For Amplitude Damping, certain mixtures exhibit a non-monotonic Horodecki parameter M(T): concurrence decreases monotonically with noise, yet the capacity for CHSH violation is lost at intermediate noise levels and restored at high noise, as maximal damping repurifies the noisy branch. These results provide a unified analytical reference for entanglement and non-locality management across Bell-state combinations and decoherence channels relevant to NISQ architectures.

quant-pharXiv:2608.17500•Aug 19, 2026•0 citations

Dynamics of multipartite quantum steering for different types of decoherence channels

Weichen Li, Ya Xiao, Zhao-Qi-Zhi Han +3 more

Multipartite quantum steering, a unique resource for asymmetric quantum network information tasks, is very fragile to the inevitable decoherence, which makes it useless for practical purposes. It is thus of importance to understand how it decays in the presence of noise channels. We study the dynamic behaviors of genuine tripartite steering, reduced bipartite steering, and collective steering of a generalized three-qubit W state when only one qubit interacts independently with the amplitude damping channel (ADC), phase damping channel (PDC) or depolarizing channel (DC). Our results provide the region of decoherence strength and state parameters that each type of steering can survive. The results show that these steering correlations decay the slowest in PDC and some non-maximally entangled states more robust than the maximally entangled ones. Unlike entanglement and Bell nonlocality, the thresholds of decoherence strength that reduced bipartite steering and collective steering can survive depend on the steering direction. In addition, we find that not only one party can be steered by a group system, but also two parties can be steered by a single system. There is a trade-off between the monogamy relation involving one steered party and two steered parties. Our work provides comprehensive information about the effect of decoherence on multipartite quantum steering, which will help to realize quantum information processing tasks in the presence of noise environments.

Scientific Reports•Mar 7, 2023•9 citations

High-dimensional coherence to entanglement transduction under canonical noise

Asad Ali, Aiham M. Rostom, Saif Al-Kuwari +3 more

We develop an analytical framework for coherence-to-entanglement conversion in bipartite high-dimensional quantum systems, so-called qunits. An arbitrary coherent input qunit is coupled to an incoherent ancilla through a generalized controlled-shift operation, producing a maximally correlated bipartite state. By analyzing the partial transpose of the output state, we establish an exact dimension-independent connection between the input coherence and the generated entanglement. We then study how this conversion is affected by three standard noise processes applied after the conversion step: phase damping, global depolarizing noise, and independent amplitude damping. The resulting expressions show that these channels degrade entanglement in qualitatively different ways. Phase damping leads to a uniform attenuation of the entanglement generated from coherence, depolarizing noise introduces pairwise thresholds associated with entanglement sudden death, and amplitude damping produces an asymmetric decay governed by relaxation toward the ground state. For maximally coherent inputs, the general results reduce to simple closed-form behavior, allowing direct comparison of the three noise mechanisms as the system dimension increases. In particular, global depolarizing noise exhibits a dimension-dependent sudden-death threshold, while amplitude damping leads to a smooth suppression in the maximally coherent case. These results provide useful analytical benchmarks for high-dimensional resource conversion and for assessing noisy entanglement generation in qudit-based quantum-information settings.

quant-pharXiv:2606.16695•Jun 16, 2026•0 citations

Symmetry in the open-system dynamics of quantum correlations

Henri Lyyra, Göktuğ Karpat, Chuan-Feng Li +3 more

We study the symmetry properties in the dynamics of quantum correlations for two-qubit systems in one-sided noisy channels, with respect to a switch in the location of noise from one qubit to the other. We consider four different channel types, namely depolarizing, amplitude damping, bit-flip, and bit-phase-flip channel, and identify the classes of initial states leading to symmetric decay of entanglement, non-locality and discord. Our results show that the symmetric decay of quantum correlations is not directly linked to the presence or absence of symmetry in the initial state, while it does depend on the type of correlation considered as well as on the type of noise. We prove that asymmetric decay can be used to infer, in certain cases, characteristic properties of the channel. We also show that the location of noise may lead to dramatic changes in the persistence of phenomena such as entanglement sudden death and time-invariant discord.

arXiv:1611.06048•Scientific Reports•Aug 10, 2017•5 citations
Geometry versus excitation sector in the decoherence of asymmetric NNN-qubit WWW states
We investigate how network geometry and excitation sector separately control pairwise entanglement decay in asymmetric multipartite WWW states. To disentangle these effects, we introduce an analytically tractable NNN-qubit generalization of the asymmetric Lohmayer geometry and its complementary-excitation partner, yielding inequivalent vertex-base (VB) and base-base (BB) pair classes that can be compared directly with symmetric WWW-state references. We derive closed-form concurrence dynamics under representative one-sided noise models and find that, within either excitation sector, the VB concurrence has exactly the same noise dependence as the corresponding symmetric reference, preserving a noise-independent proportional advantage wherever both remain entangled. The amplitude-damping reordering previously identified for the three-qubit Lohmayer state is therefore a cross-sector effect rather than an intrinsic fragility of the VB geometry. In contrast, the BB pair exhibits a genuine same-sector structural fragility, with lower entanglement-sudden-death thresholds than the VB pair under depolarizing noise and, in the (N−1)(N-1)(N−1)-excitation sector, under amplitude damping. The results establish network geometry, excitation sector, and noise symmetry as distinct ingredients governing pairwise entanglement robustness in asymmetric quantum networks.
The asymmetric three-qubit W-class state ∣W3L‾⟩|\overline{W_3^L}\rangle∣W3L​​⟩ defines an isosceles entanglement-network geometry, (a) two vertex-base (VB) links form stronger bipartite connections, (b) while the base-base (BB) link is weaker. This suggests that concentrating entanglement into a super-link may be advantageous for quantum-network tasks. Here, we show that this intuition is incomplete. We analytically compare the bipartite concurrence dynamics of the symmetric |W> state and the asymmetric ∣W3L‾⟩|\overline{W_3^L}\rangle∣W3L​​⟩ state, which differ both in entanglement-network geometry and excitation sector under standard noise models. In the absence of noise, the concurrence hierarchy is CVB>CW>CBBC_{VB} > C_W > C_{BB}CVB​>CW​>CBB​. Under phase damping, this hierarchy is preserved for all noise strengths and no entanglement sudden death occurs. Under amplitude damping, however, the hierarchy is reordered. The symmetric |W> state becomes the most robust, while the base-base concurrence of ∣W3L‾⟩|\overline{W_3^L}\rangle∣W3L​​⟩ vanishes at the finite threshold of parameter γγγ. We term this reordering as the \textit{Super-Link Fragility Effect}. The same structural asymmetry that produces a stronger vertex-base link also makes it more vulnerable to energy dissipation when coupled with multi-excitation amplitudes. Under depolarization, the asymmetry advantage is erased, with CWC_WCW​ and CVBC_{VB}CVB​ sharing the same sudden-death threshold for some value of the parameter p, while CBBC_{BB}CBB​ disappears earlier at some other value of the parameter p. The generalized amplitude damping channel continuously connects the damping-dominated regime to the pure-excitation limit, where the initial hierarchy is restored. These results show that entanglement robustness in WWW-class resources is controlled not by initial concurrence alone, but by the joint structure of entanglement-network geometry, excitation sector, and noise symmetry.
We study the entanglement dynamics of n=2,3,4n=2,3,4n=2,3,4-qubit Bell- and GHZ-type states under an amplitude-damping channel (ADC). We quantify multipartite entanglement using the genuine multipartite concurrence (GMC) and evaluate its utility through the optimal teleportation fidelity. For 222-qubit states, we analyze the standard (Bennett) teleportation protocol. For 333- and 444-qubit states, we study controlled quantum teleportation (CQT) with one and two \emph{controllers}, respectively. Entanglement sudden death (ESD) denotes the abrupt, finite-time disappearance of entanglement caused by decoherence in contrast to asymptotic decay. To counteract ESD, we apply local NOT (σ^x\hatσ_xσ^x​) operations on mmm of the nnn qubits (m≤nm \leq nm≤n) and derive analytic formulae, revealing that a single-NOT operation often suffices to alter ESD into asymptotic decay when handling GMC. In contrast, teleportation fidelity can decay more rapidly for single-NOT flipped states, whereas flipping all qubits is more useful for preserving teleportation fidelity in certain regimes, highlighting that the amount of entanglement alone does not guarantee teleportation utility. Remarkably, in the case of GHZ-type states, ADC-evolved mixed biseparable states can be exploited successfully in the CQT protocol. Further, using the GHZ-symmetric parametrization, we map the 2- and 3-qubit ADC-evolved mixed states onto a (x,y)(x,y)(x,y) plane, revealing their SLOCC (Stochastic Local Operations and Classical Communication) entanglement classes. We also explicitly check the Bell-CHSH nonlocality hierarchy in the 2-qubit teleportation alongside localizable-entanglement diagnostics for 3-qubit CQT. Our results clarify the distinct roles of global versus localizable bipartite correlations and suggest simple, experimentally accessible unitary controls for preserving useful quantum resources in noisy channels.
We systematically characterize quantum entanglement in all sixteen combinations of two-qubit Bell states across three operational regimes: pure superposition, noiseless mixing, and asymmetric mixing of one noisy and one pure Bell state. For pure superpositions, we calculate the von Neumann entropy and show that entanglement depends critically on the relative phase phi between superposed states. For mixed states, we use concurrence C under three physically motivated decoherence channels. The Depolarizing (DP) and Phase Damping (PD) channels are modeled as global, collective operations on the two-qubit Hilbert space, while Amplitude Damping (AD) is treated as independent local decay on each qubit, reflecting the asymmetric, energy-dissipating nature of spontaneous emission. A central and counterintuitive result is that increasing noise can raise concurrence in specific parameter regimes across all three channels. We further map the boundary between mathematical entanglement (C > 0) and operational quantum non-locality using the Horodecki criterion, finding this boundary to be strongly channel-dependent. Under Phase Damping, the Bell-local entanglement regime vanishes entirely for identical and same-bases mixtures, meaning any surviving entanglement guarantees a CHSH violation. Under Depolarizing noise, a large Bell-local region requires mixing probability r > 1/sqrt(2) to recover non-locality at maximum noise. For Amplitude Damping, certain mixtures exhibit a non-monotonic Horodecki parameter M(T): concurrence decreases monotonically with noise, yet the capacity for CHSH violation is lost at intermediate noise levels and restored at high noise, as maximal damping repurifies the noisy branch. These results provide a unified analytical reference for entanglement and non-locality management across Bell-state combinations and decoherence channels relevant to NISQ architectures.
Multipartite quantum steering, a unique resource for asymmetric quantum network information tasks, is very fragile to the inevitable decoherence, which makes it useless for practical purposes. It is thus of importance to understand how it decays in the presence of noise channels. We study the dynamic behaviors of genuine tripartite steering, reduced bipartite steering, and collective steering of a generalized three-qubit W state when only one qubit interacts independently with the amplitude damping channel (ADC), phase damping channel (PDC) or depolarizing channel (DC). Our results provide the region of decoherence strength and state parameters that each type of steering can survive. The results show that these steering correlations decay the slowest in PDC and some non-maximally entangled states more robust than the maximally entangled ones. Unlike entanglement and Bell nonlocality, the thresholds of decoherence strength that reduced bipartite steering and collective steering can survive depend on the steering direction. In addition, we find that not only one party can be steered by a group system, but also two parties can be steered by a single system. There is a trade-off between the monogamy relation involving one steered party and two steered parties. Our work provides comprehensive information about the effect of decoherence on multipartite quantum steering, which will help to realize quantum information processing tasks in the presence of noise environments.
We develop an analytical framework for coherence-to-entanglement conversion in bipartite high-dimensional quantum systems, so-called qunits. An arbitrary coherent input qunit is coupled to an incoherent ancilla through a generalized controlled-shift operation, producing a maximally correlated bipartite state. By analyzing the partial transpose of the output state, we establish an exact dimension-independent connection between the input coherence and the generated entanglement. We then study how this conversion is affected by three standard noise processes applied after the conversion step: phase damping, global depolarizing noise, and independent amplitude damping. The resulting expressions show that these channels degrade entanglement in qualitatively different ways. Phase damping leads to a uniform attenuation of the entanglement generated from coherence, depolarizing noise introduces pairwise thresholds associated with entanglement sudden death, and amplitude damping produces an asymmetric decay governed by relaxation toward the ground state. For maximally coherent inputs, the general results reduce to simple closed-form behavior, allowing direct comparison of the three noise mechanisms as the system dimension increases. In particular, global depolarizing noise exhibits a dimension-dependent sudden-death threshold, while amplitude damping leads to a smooth suppression in the maximally coherent case. These results provide useful analytical benchmarks for high-dimensional resource conversion and for assessing noisy entanglement generation in qudit-based quantum-information settings.
We study the symmetry properties in the dynamics of quantum correlations for two-qubit systems in one-sided noisy channels, with respect to a switch in the location of noise from one qubit to the other. We consider four different channel types, namely depolarizing, amplitude damping, bit-flip, and bit-phase-flip channel, and identify the classes of initial states leading to symmetric decay of entanglement, non-locality and discord. Our results show that the symmetric decay of quantum correlations is not directly linked to the presence or absence of symmetry in the initial state, while it does depend on the type of correlation considered as well as on the type of noise. We prove that asymmetric decay can be used to infer, in certain cases, characteristic properties of the channel. We also show that the location of noise may lead to dramatic changes in the persistence of phenomena such as entanglement sudden death and time-invariant discord.