Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:2605.26834

Influence of helicoidal spin-orbit coupling and Rabi coupling in dynamics of 2D Bose-Einstein Condensates

Sai Satyaprakash Biswal, S. Saravana Veni

Published May 26, 2026• 0 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

This study explores the dynamics of Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) with helicoidal spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and Rabi coupling, confined under a two-dimensional harmonic potential. The relationship between helicoidal SOC, non-linear interactions along with Rabi coupling and their impact on the stability and non linear trapped modes of the condensate is analyzed using a coupled Gross-Pitaevski (GP) framework. A linearized GP equation is used to investigate modulation instability (MI), demonstrating the impact of strong coupling effects and anisotropic confinement on the instability dynamics. It has been shown that the modulation instability in the condensate is predominantly governed by the competition between the attractive and repulsive mean-field interactions. Additionally, stability regimes are altered by the harmonic confinement, enhancing their susceptibility to SOC-induced asymmetry and intra- and intercomponent interactions. These results shed light on the possibility for unique quantum phases and emergent characteristics of helicoidal SOC-driven condensates.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.2605.26834

Related papers

Modulation instability in quasi-two-dimensional spin–orbit coupled Bose–Einstein condensates

S. Bhuvaneswari, K. Nithyanandan, Paulsamy Muruganandam +1 more

We theoretically investigate the dynamics of modulation instability (MI) in two-dimensional spin–orbit coupled Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) with Rabi coupling. The analysis is performed for equal densities of pseudo-spin components. Different combination of the signs of intra- and intercomponent interaction strengths are considered, with a particular emphasis on repulsive interactions. We observe that the unstable modulation builds from originally miscible condensates, depending on the combination of the signs of the intra- and intercomponent interaction strengths. The repulsive intra- and intercomponent interactions admit instability and the MI immiscibility condition is no longer significant. The influence of interaction parameters such as spin–orbit and Rabi coupling on MI are also investigated. The spin–orbit coupling (SOC) inevitably contributes to instability regardless of the nature of the interaction. In the case of attractive interaction, SOC manifests in enhancing the MI. Thus, a comprehensive study of MI in two-dimensional spin–orbit coupled BECs of pseudo-spin components is presented.

arXiv:1606.04426•Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics•Nov 28, 2016•30 citations

Modulational instability of Bose-Einstein condensates with helicoidal spin-orbit coupling

X. X. Li, Rui-Jin Cheng, Ai‐Xia Zhang +1 more

We theoretically study the modulation instability (MI) of the two-component helicoidal spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs). The effects of spin-orbit coupling, the helicoidal gauge potential, and atomic interactions on MI are investigated. The results indicate that the presence of the helicoidal gauge potential breaks the symmetric properties of MI, strongly modifies the distribution of the MI region and the MI gain in parameters space, and the MI can be excited even when the miscibility condition for the atomic interactions is satisfied. Furthermore, the effect of the helicoidal gauge potential on MI is strongly coupled with the intra and intercomponent atomic interactions. Particularly, with the increase of the helical gauge potential, the MI gain increases for the repulsive atomic interaction case, however, the MI gain decreases for the attractive atomic interaction case. The direct numerical simulations are performed to support the analytical predictions, and a good agreement is found. Our results provide a potential way to manipulate the MI in BECs with helicoidal gauge potential.

Physical review. E•Sep 26, 2019•25 citations

Stable two-dimensional soliton complexes in Bose–Einstein condensates with helicoidal spin–orbit coupling

Yaroslav V. Kartashov, Eugene Ya. Sherman, Boris A. Malomed +1 more

Abstract We show that attractive two-dimensional (2D) spinor Bose–Einstein condensates with helicoidal spatially periodic spin–orbit coupling (SOC) support a rich variety of stable fundamental solitons and bound soliton complexes. Such states exist with chemical potentials belonging to the semi-infinite gap in the band spectrum created by the periodically modulated SOC. All these states exist above a certain threshold value of the norm. The chemical potential of fundamental solitons attains the bottom of the lowest band, whose locus is a ring in the space of Bloch momenta, and the radius of the non-monotonous function of the SOC strength. The chemical potential of soliton complexes does not attain the band edge. The complexes are bound states of several out-of-phase fundamental solitons whose centers are placed at local maxima of the SOC-modulation phase. In this sense, the impact of the helicoidal SOC landscape on the solitons is similar to that of a periodic 2D potential. In particular, it can compensate repulsive forces between out-of-phase solitons, making their bound states stable. Extended stability domains are found for complexes built of two and four solitons (dipoles and quadrupoles, respectively). They are typically stable below a critical value of the chemical potential.

arXiv:2009.07138•New Journal of Physics•Sep 16, 2020•24 citations

Stability control in a helicoidal spin–orbit-coupled open Bose–Bose mixture

Chao Kong, Bin Yin, Jiaxin Wu +4 more

Abstract In this article, the modulation instability (MI) of open Bose–Bose mixtures with helicoidal spin–orbit coupling (SOC) was studied. Unlike previous spin–orbit (SO)-coupled Bose–Einstein condensate system with helicoidal gauge potential, the purpose of this article to study the input of the helicoidal SOC in the emergence of MI in open Bose–Bose mixtures by taking into account the Lee–Huang–Yang corrections to the coupled Gross–Pitaevskii equations. We present the detailed analyses of system parameters on the characteristics of MI and analytically conclude the parameter conditions for MI occurrence. Our results provide a potential way to manipulate the MI in the helicoidal SO-coupled open Bose–Bose mixtures.

Open Physics•Jan 1, 2023•1 citation

Collective dynamics of a spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensate

Fang-Qi Hu, Jianjun Wang, Zi-Fa Yu +2 more

We study the collective dynamics of the spin-orbit coupled two pseudospin components of a Bose-Einstein condensate trapped in a quasi-one-dimensional harmonic potential, by using variational and directly numerical approach of binary mean-field Gross-Pitaevskii equations. The results show that, because of strong coupling of spin-orbit coupling (SOC), Rabi coupling, and atomic interaction, the collective dynamics of the system behave as complex characters. When the Rabi coupling is absent, the density profiles of the system preserve the Gauss type and the wave packets do harmonic oscillations. The amplitude of the collective oscillations increases with SOC. Furthermore, when the SOC strength increases, the dipole oscillations of the two pseudospin components undergo a transition from in-phase to out-of-phase oscillations. When the Rabi coupling present, there will exist a critical value of SOC strength (which depends on the Rabi coupling and atomic interaction). If the SOC strength is less than this critical value, the density profiles of the system can preserve the Gauss type and the wave packets do anharmonic (the frequency of dipole oscillations depends on SOC) oscillations synchronously (i.e., in-phase oscillations). However, if the SOC strength is larger than this critical value, the wave packets are dynamically fragmented and the stable dipole oscillations of the system can not exist. The collective dynamics of the system can be controlled by adjusting the atomic interaction, SOC, and Rabi-coupling strength.

Physical review. E•Feb 18, 2016•17 citations

Effect of Rashba spin-orbit and Rabi couplings on the excitation spectrum of binary Bose-Einstein condensates

Rajamanickam Ravisankar, Henrique Fabrelli, A. Gammal +2 more

We present the collective excitation spectrum analysis of binary Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) with spin-orbit (SO) and Rabi couplings in a quasi-two-dimensional system. In particular, we investigate the role of SO and Rabi coupling strengths in determining the dynamical stability of the coupled BECs using Bogoliubov--de Gennes (BdG) theory. Using the eigenenergy of the BdG spectrum, we confirm the existence of phonon, roton, and maxon modes with weak repulsive intra- and interspecies contact interactions. The depth of the minimum corresponding to the roton mode strongly depends on the coupling strength. We find that the increase of the SO coupling leads to instability, while the increase in the Rabi coupling stabilizes the system. Also, the eigenvectors of the BdG spectrum indicate the presence of a densitylike mode in the stable regime and spinlike modes in the unstable regimes. A phase diagram demonstrating the stability regime in the plane of SO and Rabi coupling strengths is obtained. Finally, we complement the observation of the excitation spectrum with the direct numerical simulation results of coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equations.

arXiv:2107.04237•Physical Review A•Nov 17, 2021•28 citations
This study explores the dynamics of Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) with helicoidal spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and Rabi coupling, confined under a two-dimensional harmonic potential. The relationship between helicoidal SOC, non-linear interactions along with Rabi coupling and their impact on the stability and non linear trapped modes of the condensate is analyzed using a coupled Gross-Pitaevski (GP) framework. A linearized GP equation is used to investigate modulation instability (MI), demonstrating the impact of strong coupling effects and anisotropic confinement on the instability dynamics. It has been shown that the modulation instability in the condensate is predominantly governed by the competition between the attractive and repulsive mean-field interactions. Additionally, stability regimes are altered by the harmonic confinement, enhancing their susceptibility to SOC-induced asymmetry and intra- and intercomponent interactions. These results shed light on the possibility for unique quantum phases and emergent characteristics of helicoidal SOC-driven condensates.
We theoretically investigate the dynamics of modulation instability (MI) in two-dimensional spin–orbit coupled Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) with Rabi coupling. The analysis is performed for equal densities of pseudo-spin components. Different combination of the signs of intra- and intercomponent interaction strengths are considered, with a particular emphasis on repulsive interactions. We observe that the unstable modulation builds from originally miscible condensates, depending on the combination of the signs of the intra- and intercomponent interaction strengths. The repulsive intra- and intercomponent interactions admit instability and the MI immiscibility condition is no longer significant. The influence of interaction parameters such as spin–orbit and Rabi coupling on MI are also investigated. The spin–orbit coupling (SOC) inevitably contributes to instability regardless of the nature of the interaction. In the case of attractive interaction, SOC manifests in enhancing the MI. Thus, a comprehensive study of MI in two-dimensional spin–orbit coupled BECs of pseudo-spin components is presented.
We theoretically study the modulation instability (MI) of the two-component helicoidal spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs). The effects of spin-orbit coupling, the helicoidal gauge potential, and atomic interactions on MI are investigated. The results indicate that the presence of the helicoidal gauge potential breaks the symmetric properties of MI, strongly modifies the distribution of the MI region and the MI gain in parameters space, and the MI can be excited even when the miscibility condition for the atomic interactions is satisfied. Furthermore, the effect of the helicoidal gauge potential on MI is strongly coupled with the intra and intercomponent atomic interactions. Particularly, with the increase of the helical gauge potential, the MI gain increases for the repulsive atomic interaction case, however, the MI gain decreases for the attractive atomic interaction case. The direct numerical simulations are performed to support the analytical predictions, and a good agreement is found. Our results provide a potential way to manipulate the MI in BECs with helicoidal gauge potential.
Abstract We show that attractive two-dimensional (2D) spinor Bose–Einstein condensates with helicoidal spatially periodic spin–orbit coupling (SOC) support a rich variety of stable fundamental solitons and bound soliton complexes. Such states exist with chemical potentials belonging to the semi-infinite gap in the band spectrum created by the periodically modulated SOC. All these states exist above a certain threshold value of the norm. The chemical potential of fundamental solitons attains the bottom of the lowest band, whose locus is a ring in the space of Bloch momenta, and the radius of the non-monotonous function of the SOC strength. The chemical potential of soliton complexes does not attain the band edge. The complexes are bound states of several out-of-phase fundamental solitons whose centers are placed at local maxima of the SOC-modulation phase. In this sense, the impact of the helicoidal SOC landscape on the solitons is similar to that of a periodic 2D potential. In particular, it can compensate repulsive forces between out-of-phase solitons, making their bound states stable. Extended stability domains are found for complexes built of two and four solitons (dipoles and quadrupoles, respectively). They are typically stable below a critical value of the chemical potential.
Abstract In this article, the modulation instability (MI) of open Bose–Bose mixtures with helicoidal spin–orbit coupling (SOC) was studied. Unlike previous spin–orbit (SO)-coupled Bose–Einstein condensate system with helicoidal gauge potential, the purpose of this article to study the input of the helicoidal SOC in the emergence of MI in open Bose–Bose mixtures by taking into account the Lee–Huang–Yang corrections to the coupled Gross–Pitaevskii equations. We present the detailed analyses of system parameters on the characteristics of MI and analytically conclude the parameter conditions for MI occurrence. Our results provide a potential way to manipulate the MI in the helicoidal SO-coupled open Bose–Bose mixtures.
We study the collective dynamics of the spin-orbit coupled two pseudospin components of a Bose-Einstein condensate trapped in a quasi-one-dimensional harmonic potential, by using variational and directly numerical approach of binary mean-field Gross-Pitaevskii equations. The results show that, because of strong coupling of spin-orbit coupling (SOC), Rabi coupling, and atomic interaction, the collective dynamics of the system behave as complex characters. When the Rabi coupling is absent, the density profiles of the system preserve the Gauss type and the wave packets do harmonic oscillations. The amplitude of the collective oscillations increases with SOC. Furthermore, when the SOC strength increases, the dipole oscillations of the two pseudospin components undergo a transition from in-phase to out-of-phase oscillations. When the Rabi coupling present, there will exist a critical value of SOC strength (which depends on the Rabi coupling and atomic interaction). If the SOC strength is less than this critical value, the density profiles of the system can preserve the Gauss type and the wave packets do anharmonic (the frequency of dipole oscillations depends on SOC) oscillations synchronously (i.e., in-phase oscillations). However, if the SOC strength is larger than this critical value, the wave packets are dynamically fragmented and the stable dipole oscillations of the system can not exist. The collective dynamics of the system can be controlled by adjusting the atomic interaction, SOC, and Rabi-coupling strength.
We present the collective excitation spectrum analysis of binary Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) with spin-orbit (SO) and Rabi couplings in a quasi-two-dimensional system. In particular, we investigate the role of SO and Rabi coupling strengths in determining the dynamical stability of the coupled BECs using Bogoliubov--de Gennes (BdG) theory. Using the eigenenergy of the BdG spectrum, we confirm the existence of phonon, roton, and maxon modes with weak repulsive intra- and interspecies contact interactions. The depth of the minimum corresponding to the roton mode strongly depends on the coupling strength. We find that the increase of the SO coupling leads to instability, while the increase in the Rabi coupling stabilizes the system. Also, the eigenvectors of the BdG spectrum indicate the presence of a densitylike mode in the stable regime and spinlike modes in the unstable regimes. A phase diagram demonstrating the stability regime in the plane of SO and Rabi coupling strengths is obtained. Finally, we complement the observation of the excitation spectrum with the direct numerical simulation results of coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equations.