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arXiv:2605.24122

Phase-resolved multichannel quantum escape between limit cycles

Caroline Nowoczyn, Ludwig Mathey, Kilian Seibold

quant-phSubmitted May 22, 2026• Announced May 26, 2026
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Abstract

Driven-dissipative quantum systems can recover stable dynamical attractors in the semiclassical limit, including coexisting limit cycles. At finite fluctuation strength, this classical coexistence becomes quantum metastability: the corresponding oscillatory states undergo rare fluctuation-induced transitions. We demonstrate phase-resolved quantum escape between two such states in a driven optomechanical resonator. Unlike escape from fixed points, switching between extended attractors occurs across a periodic basin boundary and depends on the phase at which fluctuations approach it. Using quantum-jump trajectories across a controlled quantum-to-classical crossover, we reconstruct the escape geometry directly from switching events. Escape from the small-amplitude cycle proceeds through a single radial corridor and exhibits near-Arrhenius scaling, whereas escape from the large-amplitude cycle involves competing phase-localized corridors with distinct effective activation scales. The resulting curvature in the switching-rate scaling, together with event-conditioned phase distributions, identifies finite-fluctuation multichannel quantum escape between extended attractors.

Comments
10 pages, 5 figures, comments are welcome

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Period tripling in driven quantum oscillators reveals unique features absent for linear and parametric drive, but generic for all higher-order resonances. Here we focus at zero temperature on the relaxation dynamics towards a stationary state starting initially from a domain around a classical fixed point in phase space. Beyond a certain threshold for the driving strength, the long-time dynamics is governed by a single time constant that sets the rate for switching between different states with broken time translation symmetry. By analyzing the lowest eigenvalues of the corresponding time evolution generator for the dissipative dynamics, we find that near the threshold the gap between these eigenvalues nearly closes. The closing becomes complete for a vanishing quantum parameter. We demonstrate that this behavior, reminiscent of a quantum phase transition, is associated with a transition from a stationary state which is localized in phase space to a delocalized one. We further show that switching between domains of classical fixed points happens via quantum activation, however, with rates that differ from those obtained by a standard semiclassical treatment. As period tripling has been explored with superconducting circuits mainly in the quasiclassical regime recently, our findings may trigger new activities towards the deep quantum realm.
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We investigate nonequilibrium criticality and chaos in a two-photon-driven optomechanical system. The parametric drive preserves a discrete Z2\mathbb{Z}_2Z2​ symmetry of the optical field, while radiation-pressure coupling transfers the resulting nonlinear dynamics to a mechanical oscillator. Combining semiclassical stability analysis, exact Liouvillian spectra, and stochastic quantum trajectories, we show that this driven-dissipative optomechanical model supports both first- and second-order dissipative phase transitions. At negative detuning a second-order transition yields spontaneous breaking of the cavity-parity symmetry in the thermodynamic limit. At positive detuning the same symmetry breaking coexists with a first-order transition, signaled by metastability and by an additional symmetric Liouvillian mode. At stronger pump power the mean-field dynamics loses all stable fixed points and develops limit cycles and chaotic attractors with positive Lyapunov exponent. Quantum trajectories in this regime display chaotic-like motion, enhanced steady-state entropy, and delocalization over many entropic Liouvillian modes. These results establish two-photon-driven optomechanics as a platform where dissipative criticality, symmetry breaking, and quantum signatures of chaos emerge within the same experimentally accessible setting.