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arXiv:2605.13051

Measurement-based quantum state transfer and restoring via spin-1/2 chain interacting with environment

E. B. Fel'dman, A. I. Zenchuk

quant-phSubmitted May 13, 2026• Announced May 14, 2026• 0 citations
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Abstract

We consider the multi-qubit fixed-excitation state transfer along the spin chain with dipole-dipole interaction subjected to the interaction with environment governed by the Lindblad equation preserving the excitation number during spin-evolution. The state transfer algorithm includes the state restoring via Kraus operators and ancilla measurement. As a result, the transferred state appears in superposition with completely mixed state, the latter disappears with vanishing interaction with environment. In that case we deal with probabilistic perfect state transfer. Example of an arbitrary multi-qubit one-excitation state transfer is present and its robustness with respect to perturbation of the Kraus operators is studied.

Comments
22 pages, 4 figures

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We consider the multi-qubit fixed-excitation state transfer along the spin chain with dipole-dipole interaction subjected to the interaction with environment governed by the Lindblad equation preserving the excitation number during spin-evolution. The state transfer algorithm includes the state restoring via Kraus operators and ancilla measurement. As a result, the transferred state appears in superposition with completely mixed state, the latter disappears with vanishing interaction with environment. In that case we deal with probabilistic perfect state transfer. Example of an arbitrary multi-qubit one-excitation state transfer is present and its robustness with respect to perturbation of the Kraus operators is studied.
We propose the protocol for perfect state transfer of an arbitrary pure quantum state along the spin-1/2 chain governed by the Hamiltonian preserving the excitation number in the system. We show that the kkk-excitation pure sender's state can be restored at the receiver using only the local transformations over the qubits of the extended receiver. The restored state appears in the superposition with other states which form garbage. This garbage can be easily removed by including the ancilla, whose state labels the garbage, and then measuring the {ancilla state} with desired output. The resulting state of the receiver coincides with the initial sender's state {up to the unimportant common phase factor.} Then, to transfer an arbitrary {pure} state of some system S0S_0S0​, we encode this state into the kkk-excitation state of the sender, transfer and restore this state and finally decode the restored kkk-excitation state {of the receiver} into the state of another subsystem R0R_0R0​. After labeling and removing the garbage via the ancilla-state measuring we complete the algorithm for the perfect transfer of an arbitrary pure state.
Abstract We propose a protocol for restoring states transferred along a spin-1/2 chain utilizing a controlled interaction of the spin-chain with the environment. Such interaction exploits an incoherent quantum control and is described by the master equation with Lindblad operators having time-dependent pulse-sequence form. The amplitudes of the pulses are properly adjusted to perform the state restoring. We apply this protocol to restore the 1-order coherence matrix of the (0,1)-excitation of a 2-qubit state transferred along the spin-1/2 chain governed by the XXZ-Hamiltonian preserving the excitation number in the system.
We propose a protocol restoring the state transferred along the spin chain governed by the XY-Hamiltonian. Such dynamics does not preserve the excitation number and leads to mixing multiple-quantum coherence matrices of orders having the same parities. Depending on the initial state, this results in generating either all possible or only even-order multiple-quantum coherence matrices. Restoring is established via the special unitary transformation applied to the receiver side of the chain (extended receiver). An example of restoring [Formula: see text]- and [Formula: see text]-order coherence matrices in two-qubit state transfer is considered. Entanglement transfer in such process is also studied and possibility of its amplification is demonstrated.
Abstract We propose a novel scheme to realize perfect state transfer and entanglement distribution in the spin chain. With the assistance of environment-assisted measurement, we get the exact analytical expression of the optimal final restoration, show that the quantum state and distribution entanglement can exactly be recovered with a certain probability, i.e. the fidelity of a general pure state can reach 100%, which is independent of the size of the spin chain. Comparing with the results obtained by the method of weak measurement, our results show notable superiorities on restoration scope and success probability.
We exploit a ferromagnetic chain of interacting ddd-level (d>2d>2d>2) particles for arbitrary perfect transfer of quantum states with $(d\ensuremath{-}1)$ levels. The presence of one extra degree of freedom in the Hilbert space of particles, which is not used in encoding, allows one to achieve perfect transfer even in a uniform chain through a repeated measurement procedure with consecutive single site measurements. Apart from the first iteration, for which the time of evolution grows linearly with the size of the chain, in all other iterations, the evolution times are short and do not scale with the length. The success probability of the mechanism grows with the number of repetitions and practically after a few iterations the transfer is accomplished with a high probability.
Spin chains have been proposed as a reliable and convenient way of transferring information and entanglement in a quantum computational context. Nonetheless, it has to be expected that any physical implementation of these systems will be subject to several perturbative factors which could potentially diminish the transfer quality. In this paper, we investigate a number of possible fabrication defects in the spin chains themselves as well as the effect of nonsynchronous or imperfect input operations, with a focus on the case of multiple excitation and qubit transfer. We consider both entangled and unentangled states and, in particular, the transfer of an entangled pair of adjacent spins at one end of a chain under the mirroring rule and also the creation of entanglement resulting from injection at both end spins.