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arXiv:2605.10497

Study of the Superradiance Phenomenon in the $α$--attractor Potential using the Log Derivative Method

Ángel Salazar, Quray Potosí, David Laroze, Laura M. Pérez, Benjamín de Zayas, Clara Rojas

quant-phhep-thSubmitted May 11, 2026• Announced May 12, 2026
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Abstract

In this article, we solved the time--independent one--dimensional Klein--Gordon equation in the presence of $α$--attractor potential using the Log derivative method. We calculated the reflection coefficient $\mathcal{R}$ and the transmission coefficient $\mathcal{T}$, showing that the superradiance phenomenon is present. In order to demonstrate the accuracy of our method, we performed a comparison with the analytical solution for the hyperbolic tangent potential.

Comments
14 pages, 6 figures

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Study of the Superradiance Phenomenon in the ααα--attractor Potential using the Log Derivative Method
In this article, we solved the time--independent one--dimensional Klein--Gordon equation in the presence of ααα--attractor potential using the Log derivative method. We calculated the reflection coefficient R\mathcal{R}R and the transmission coefficient T\mathcal{T}T, showing that the superradiance phenomenon is present. In order to demonstrate the accuracy of our method, we performed a comparison with the analytical solution for the hyperbolic tangent potential.
We study the total transmission of quantum particles satisfying the Klein-Gordon equation through a potential barrier based on the classical wave propagation theory. We deduce an analytical expression for the wave impedance for Klein-Gordon particles. From the condition that the impedance is matched throughout the space, we show that super-Klein tunneling, which refers to the omnidirectional total transmission of particles through a potential barrier when the energy of the particle is equal to the half of the barrier potential, should occur in these systems. We also derive a condition for total transmission of Klein-Gordon particles in the presence of both scalar and vector potentials and discuss the influence of weak scattering at the interfaces on super-Klein tunneling. The theoretical predictions are confirmed by explicit numerical calculations of the transmittance based on the invariant imbedding method.
Abstract The propagation of acoustic perturbations in the velocity potential of a Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) behave like minimally coupled massless scalar fields in a curved (1 + 1) dimensional Lorentzian space-time, where their propagation is governed by the Klein–Gordon wave equation. For linearized perturbations, this geometric picture can still apply in the presence of a single vortex state of the BEC. Thus far, the amplified scattering of axisymmetric perturbations from a vortex, as a manifestation of the acoustic superradiance, has been investigated by assuming a constant background density of the condensate. This paper addresses the validity of this approximation within the same theoretical workframe, by employing a self-consistent density profile that is obtained by solving the Gross–Pitaevskii equation for an unbound BEC and an approximation to the numerical solution is used throughout the paper. The resulting radial density profile around the vortex implies a radially varying speed of sound, which modifies the entire propagation dynamics as well as the loci of the event horizon and the ergosphere. We investigate the superradiance in temporal domain and, through an independent asymptotic formulation, in the spectral domain. The main conclusions are that the self-consistent density profile remedies the overshoot of the superradiance dynamics temporally and that the spectral profile of the superradiance differs significantly in the vortex-scaled low frequency regime between the constant density and self-consistent density formulations.