From Independent to Joint: Enhancing Quantum Phase and Correlation Factor Estimation by Squeezed Reservoir Engineering

Abstract

High-precision quantum parameter estimation is fundamental to the advancement of quantum metrology. Although reservoir engineering provides a powerful approach to improve estimation by tailoring system-environment interactions, the role of the squeezing phase and correlations arising from the sequential utilization of the same squeezed reservoir remains inadequately explored. In this work, we employ a correlated squeezed-thermal reservoir to enhance the precision of estimating the phase parameter $φ$ and the correlation factor $μ$, both individually and simultaneously. We show that the squeezing phase $Φ$ is crucial for achieving quantum-enhanced precision, with optimal phase-matching conditions that depend strongly on $μ$. Specifically, we derive the near-optimal phase-matching relations aimed at maximizing the quantum Fisher information (QFI) for both $φ$ and $μ$, as well as minimizing the total variance $Δ_{\rm sim}$ in joint estimation. Furthermore, we show that the joint estimation variance is dominated by $F_φ$, which motivates our search for the phase-matching conditions that minimize $Δ_{\text{sim}}$. Through the ratio $R$ of variances, we demonstrate that joint estimation conserves quantum resources and maintains high precision when the squeezing phase is optimized for $F_φ$, despite the inherent incompatibility of the parameters. These findings provide practical insights into reservoir engineering strategies for high-precision quantum sensing and information processing.