Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:2602.20780

Suppressed correlation-spreading in a one-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model with strong interactions

Jose Carlos Pelayo, Ippei Danshita

cond-mat.quant-gasquant-phSubmitted Feb 24, 2026• Announced Feb 25, 2026• 0 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We investigate signatures of non-ergodic behavior in the real-time evolution of a one-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model, where the initial state is a doubly occupied density-wave state. We show that the occupation dynamics at strong interactions is dominated by doublon-holon exchange which leads to a domain wall excitation and propagation. The latter manifests as a negated staggered pattern in the density-density correlations. While the single-particle and the pair correlation functions show highly localized correlations that decay rapidly away from the nearest neighbor. We show that the time scale of the domain-wall excitations depends on the inverse of the interaction strength and therefore dictates the slow relaxation dynamics. In the presence of a parabolic trap, the occupation dynamics at the edges become frozen and further suppresses the propagation of correlations. This suppression happens even for trap strengths weaker than the tunneling rate. We also show that the model can be mapped to an antiferromagnetic transverse-field Ising model in the limit of strong interactions and that the correlation-propagation velocity in the original model is well captured by the group velocity of the spin-wave excitation in the effective spin model.

Related papers

Entanglement-enhanced correlation propagation in the one-dimensional SU ( N ) Fermi-Hubbard model

Mathias Mikkelsen, Ippei Danshita

We investigate the dynamics of correlation propagation in the one-dimensional Fermi-Hubbard model with SU($N$) symmetry when the repulsive-interaction strength is quenched from a large value, at which the ground state is a Mott-insulator with $1/N$ filling, to an intermediate value. From approximate analytical insights based on a simple model that captures the essential physics of the doublon excitations, we show that entanglement in the initial state leads to collective enhancement of the propagation velocity $v_{\text{SU}(N)}$ when $N>2$, becoming equal to the velocity of the Bose-Hubbard model in the large-$N$ limit. These results are supported by numerical calculations of the density-density correlation in the quench dynamics for $N=2,3,4,$ and $6$.

arXiv:2510.25358•Physical Review A•May 14, 2026•0 citations

Temporal decay of Néel order in the one-dimensional Fermi-Hubbard model

A. Bauer, Florian Dorfner, Fabian Heidrich‐Meisner

Motivated by recent experiments with ultracold quantum gases in optical lattices we study the decay of the staggered moment in the one-dimensional Fermi-Hubbard model starting from a perfect N\'eel state using exact diagonalization and the infinite-system-size time-evolving-block-decimation method. This extends previous work in which the same problem has been addressed for pure spin Hamiltonians. As a main result, we show that the relaxation dynamics of the double occupancy and of the staggered moment are different. The former is controlled by the nearest-neighbor tunneling rate while the latter is much slower and strongly dependent on the interaction strength, indicating that spin excitations are important. This difference in characteristic energy scales for the fast charge dynamics and the much slower spin dynamics is also reflected in the real-time evolution of nearest-neighbor density and spin correlations. A very interesting time dependence emerges in the von Neumann entropy, which at short times increases linearly with a slope proportional to the tunneling matrix element while the long-time growth of entanglement is controlled by spin excitations. Our predictions for the different relaxation dynamics of the staggered moment and the double occupancy should be observable in state-of-the-art optical lattice experiments. We further compare time averages of the double occupancy to the expectation values in both the canonical and diagonal ensembles, which quantitatively disagree with each other on finite systems. We relate the question of thermalization to the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis.

arXiv:1503.02010•Physical Review A•May 27, 2015•21 citations

Propagation of a single-hole defect in the one-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model

F. Andraschko, Jesko Sirker

We study nonequilibrium dynamics in the one-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model starting from an initial product state with one boson per site and a single-hole defect. We find that for parameters close to the quantum critical point, the hole splits into a core showing a very slow diffusive dynamics, and a fast mode which propagates ballistically. Using an effective fermionic model at large Hubbard interactions $U$, we show that the ballistic mode is a consequence of an interference between slow-holon and fast-doublon dynamics, which occurs once the hole defect starts propagating into the bosonic background at unit filling. Within this model, the signal velocity of the fast ballistic mode is given by the maximum slope of the dispersion of the doublon quasiparticle in good agreement with the numerical data. Furthermore, we contrast this global quench with the dynamics of a single-hole defect in the ground state of the Bose-Hubbard model and show that the dynamics in the latter case is very different even for large values of $U$. This can also be seen in the entanglement entropy of the time-evolved states which grows much more rapidly in time in the global quench case.

arXiv:1501.02005•Physical Review B•Jun 18, 2015•15 citations

Propagation front of correlations in an interacting Bose gas

Peter Barmettler, Dario Poletti, Marc Cheneau +1 more

We analyze the quench dynamics of a one-dimensional bosonic Mott insulator and focus on the time evolution of density correlations. For these we identify a pronounced propagation front, the velocity of which, once correctly extrapolated at large distances, can serve as a quantitative characteristic of the many-body Hamiltonian. In particular, the velocity allows the weakly interacting regime, which is qualitatively well described by free bosons, to be distinguished from the strongly interacting one, in which pairs of distinct quasiparticles dominate the dynamics. In order to describe the latter case analytically, we introduce a general approximation to solve the Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonian based on the Jordan-Wigner fermionization of auxiliary particles. This approach can also be used to determine the ground-state properties. As a complement to the fermionization approach, we derive explicitly the time-dependent many-body state in the noninteracting limit and compare our results to numerical simulations in the whole range of interactions of the Bose-Hubbard model.

arXiv:1202.5558•Physical Review A•May 17, 2012•103 citations

Many body localization in Disordered One-Dimensional Fermi-Hubbard Model

Harmanjeet Kaur, Vinod Ashokan

We investigate the non-equilibrium dynamics of the disordered one-dimensional Fermi-Hubbard model with a focus on many-body localization. The system is initialized in a charge-density-wave-state, and its time evolution is analyzed through sublattice imbalance (spin and charge), and bipartite entanglement entropy. A clear crossover from ergodic to non-ergodic behavior is observed with increasing disorder strength. In the weak disorder regime, rapid decay of imbalance and the fast growth of entanglement indicate efficient thermalization. In contrast, a strong disorder leads to persistent imbalance and slow dynamics, signaling the breakdown of ergodicity. The charge and spin sectors exhibit distinct relaxation behavior, providing evidence for partial decoupling between these degrees of freedom. Furthermore, in the interacting regime, the entanglement entropy shows slow logarithmic growth, reflecting the dephasing-driven dynamics characteristic of the many-body localized phase. These results highlight the interplay between disorder and interactions in determining the dynamical properties of the system and establish robust signatures of many-body localization in the Fermi-Hubbard model.

arXiv:2606.04948•Jun 3, 2026•0 citations

Excitons in the One-Dimensional Hubbard Model: A Real-Time Study

K. A. Al-Hassanieh, Fernando Agustín Reboredo, Adrian E. Feiguin +2 more

We study the real-time dynamics of a hole and doubly occupied site pair, namely, a holon and a doublon, in a 1D Hubbard insulator with on-site and nearest-neighbor Coulomb repulsion. Our analysis shows that the pair is long-lived and the expected decay mechanism to underlying spin excitations is actually inefficient. For a nonzero intersite Coulomb repulsion, we observe that part of the wave function remains in a bound state. Our study also provides insight on the holon-doublon propagation in real space. Because of the one-dimensional nature of the problem, these particles move in opposite directions even in the absence of an applied electric field. The potential relevance of our results to solar cell applications is discussed.

arXiv:0804.0617•Physical Review Letters•Apr 25, 2008•66 citations
We investigate signatures of non-ergodic behavior in the real-time evolution of a one-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model, where the initial state is a doubly occupied density-wave state. We show that the occupation dynamics at strong interactions is dominated by doublon-holon exchange which leads to a domain wall excitation and propagation. The latter manifests as a negated staggered pattern in the density-density correlations. While the single-particle and the pair correlation functions show highly localized correlations that decay rapidly away from the nearest neighbor. We show that the time scale of the domain-wall excitations depends on the inverse of the interaction strength and therefore dictates the slow relaxation dynamics. In the presence of a parabolic trap, the occupation dynamics at the edges become frozen and further suppresses the propagation of correlations. This suppression happens even for trap strengths weaker than the tunneling rate. We also show that the model can be mapped to an antiferromagnetic transverse-field Ising model in the limit of strong interactions and that the correlation-propagation velocity in the original model is well captured by the group velocity of the spin-wave excitation in the effective spin model.
We investigate the dynamics of correlation propagation in the one-dimensional Fermi-Hubbard model with SU(NNN) symmetry when the repulsive-interaction strength is quenched from a large value, at which the ground state is a Mott-insulator with 1/N1/N1/N filling, to an intermediate value. From approximate analytical insights based on a simple model that captures the essential physics of the doublon excitations, we show that entanglement in the initial state leads to collective enhancement of the propagation velocity vSU(N)v_{\text{SU}(N)}vSU(N)​ when N>2N>2N>2, becoming equal to the velocity of the Bose-Hubbard model in the large-NNN limit. These results are supported by numerical calculations of the density-density correlation in the quench dynamics for N=2,3,4,N=2,3,4,N=2,3,4, and 666.
Motivated by recent experiments with ultracold quantum gases in optical lattices we study the decay of the staggered moment in the one-dimensional Fermi-Hubbard model starting from a perfect N\'eel state using exact diagonalization and the infinite-system-size time-evolving-block-decimation method. This extends previous work in which the same problem has been addressed for pure spin Hamiltonians. As a main result, we show that the relaxation dynamics of the double occupancy and of the staggered moment are different. The former is controlled by the nearest-neighbor tunneling rate while the latter is much slower and strongly dependent on the interaction strength, indicating that spin excitations are important. This difference in characteristic energy scales for the fast charge dynamics and the much slower spin dynamics is also reflected in the real-time evolution of nearest-neighbor density and spin correlations. A very interesting time dependence emerges in the von Neumann entropy, which at short times increases linearly with a slope proportional to the tunneling matrix element while the long-time growth of entanglement is controlled by spin excitations. Our predictions for the different relaxation dynamics of the staggered moment and the double occupancy should be observable in state-of-the-art optical lattice experiments. We further compare time averages of the double occupancy to the expectation values in both the canonical and diagonal ensembles, which quantitatively disagree with each other on finite systems. We relate the question of thermalization to the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis.
We study nonequilibrium dynamics in the one-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model starting from an initial product state with one boson per site and a single-hole defect. We find that for parameters close to the quantum critical point, the hole splits into a core showing a very slow diffusive dynamics, and a fast mode which propagates ballistically. Using an effective fermionic model at large Hubbard interactions UUU, we show that the ballistic mode is a consequence of an interference between slow-holon and fast-doublon dynamics, which occurs once the hole defect starts propagating into the bosonic background at unit filling. Within this model, the signal velocity of the fast ballistic mode is given by the maximum slope of the dispersion of the doublon quasiparticle in good agreement with the numerical data. Furthermore, we contrast this global quench with the dynamics of a single-hole defect in the ground state of the Bose-Hubbard model and show that the dynamics in the latter case is very different even for large values of UUU. This can also be seen in the entanglement entropy of the time-evolved states which grows much more rapidly in time in the global quench case.
We analyze the quench dynamics of a one-dimensional bosonic Mott insulator and focus on the time evolution of density correlations. For these we identify a pronounced propagation front, the velocity of which, once correctly extrapolated at large distances, can serve as a quantitative characteristic of the many-body Hamiltonian. In particular, the velocity allows the weakly interacting regime, which is qualitatively well described by free bosons, to be distinguished from the strongly interacting one, in which pairs of distinct quasiparticles dominate the dynamics. In order to describe the latter case analytically, we introduce a general approximation to solve the Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonian based on the Jordan-Wigner fermionization of auxiliary particles. This approach can also be used to determine the ground-state properties. As a complement to the fermionization approach, we derive explicitly the time-dependent many-body state in the noninteracting limit and compare our results to numerical simulations in the whole range of interactions of the Bose-Hubbard model.
We investigate the non-equilibrium dynamics of the disordered one-dimensional Fermi-Hubbard model with a focus on many-body localization. The system is initialized in a charge-density-wave-state, and its time evolution is analyzed through sublattice imbalance (spin and charge), and bipartite entanglement entropy. A clear crossover from ergodic to non-ergodic behavior is observed with increasing disorder strength. In the weak disorder regime, rapid decay of imbalance and the fast growth of entanglement indicate efficient thermalization. In contrast, a strong disorder leads to persistent imbalance and slow dynamics, signaling the breakdown of ergodicity. The charge and spin sectors exhibit distinct relaxation behavior, providing evidence for partial decoupling between these degrees of freedom. Furthermore, in the interacting regime, the entanglement entropy shows slow logarithmic growth, reflecting the dephasing-driven dynamics characteristic of the many-body localized phase. These results highlight the interplay between disorder and interactions in determining the dynamical properties of the system and establish robust signatures of many-body localization in the Fermi-Hubbard model.
We study the real-time dynamics of a hole and doubly occupied site pair, namely, a holon and a doublon, in a 1D Hubbard insulator with on-site and nearest-neighbor Coulomb repulsion. Our analysis shows that the pair is long-lived and the expected decay mechanism to underlying spin excitations is actually inefficient. For a nonzero intersite Coulomb repulsion, we observe that part of the wave function remains in a bound state. Our study also provides insight on the holon-doublon propagation in real space. Because of the one-dimensional nature of the problem, these particles move in opposite directions even in the absence of an applied electric field. The potential relevance of our results to solar cell applications is discussed.