arXiv:2601.15019

Cavity-QED tools for MBQC with optical binomial-codes

G. P. Teja, Radim Filip

quant-phSubmitted Jan 21, 2026• Announced Jan 22, 2026• 0 citations

Abstract

Measurement-based quantum computation (MBQC) offers a promising paradigm for photonic quantum computing, but its implementation requires the generation of specific non-Gaussian resource states. While continuous-variable encodings such as the highly complex (GKP) states have been widely studied, the much simpler binomial codes offer an experimentally accessible alternative, though they demand a distinct set of operational tools. Here, we present a toolkit for MBQC using optical binomial codes, detailing a cavity-QED protocol for conditional generation of cluster states and the implementation of Pauli measurements. Our work proposes the first steps for existing optical atom-cavity architectures to lay the groundwork for their use in quantum computation.

Related papers

Theoretical study towards realization of measurement-based quantum computers (本文)

アグントゥリーサティアソ, AGUNG TRISETYARSO

Measurement-based quantum computation (MBQC) is a new exciting paradigm in the field of quantum computation, in which the quantum information processing is proceeded by the sequences of measurements on the logical qubits encoded in a highly entangled state.MBQC is considered to be one of the most realistic formats of quantum computer since it is more robust than the conventional reversible quantum computation protocols.However, there exists a number of challenges to overcome.This dissertation presents a theoretical study towards realization of measurement-based quantum computer using a single atom contained in a cavity as a qubit node.The control of coherence are achieved with the assistance of an externally applied classical field.An architecture for large number of qubits in a cluster state is also presented.The first half of this dissertation presents a technique to ensure the qubit coherency because the measurement over the cluster state needs to be performed on the coherently evolving qubits.Under this scheme, a cavity is irradiated concurrently with quantum and classical electromagnetic fields to manipulate the atomic population.It is shown theoretically that manipulation of the time evolution of the population of two states in cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) is possible by introduction of an appropriate electromagnetic field.The theoretical justification is provided by the use of Darboux transformations on the potential in an one-dimensional stationary Dirac model.Here, Pauli matrices are the central parameters for controlling the collapse and revival of the Rabi oscillations.The second half of this dissertation presents a new architecture of MBQC.The circuit design and evaluation of a quantum carry-lookahead C.1 Maple codes for the modified atomic inversion. . . . . . . . . . . .C.2 Maple codes for the solution of D(σ 1 ). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C.3 Maple codes for the solution of D(σ 3 ). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C.4 Maple codes for the modified atomic inversion in the case of D(σ 2 ).C.5 The scheme for obtaining the correlations between atomic inversion and Dirac potentials. . . . . . . . . . .

Jan 1, 20110 citations

Towards a Measurement-Based Quantum Computing Architecture Using Continuous-Variable Optical Qubits

Ryosuke Matsuo, Junichiro Kadomoto

Continuous-variable (CV) photonics can generate trillions of time-multiplexed modes, but the resource requirements of its classical control stack - particularly the real-time decoders-have not yet been quantified. Here we present the first co-design study that bridges CV-photonic measurement-based quantum computing (MBQC) with CMOS control hardware. We implement a Union-Find surface-code decoder targeting an ASIC and, by evaluating its error-correction performance, silicon area, and decoding time as functions of code distance, we derive insights that lay the groundwork for future system development.

IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE)Aug 30, 20250 citations

Logical measurement-based quantum computation in circuit-QED

Jaewoo Joo, Chang-Woo Lee, Shingo Kono +1 more

We propose a new scheme of measurement-based quantum computation (MBQC) using an error-correcting code against photon-loss in circuit quantum electrodynamics. We describe a specific protocol of logical single-qubit gates given by sequential cavity measurements for logical MBQC and a generalised Schrödinger cat state is used for a continuous-variable (CV) logical qubit captured in a microwave cavity. To apply an error-correcting scheme on the logical qubit, we utilise a d-dimensional quantum system called a qudit. It is assumed that a three CV-qudit entangled state is initially prepared in three jointed cavities and the microwave qudit states are individually controlled, operated, and measured through a readout resonator coupled with an ancillary superconducting qubit. We then examine a practical approach of how to create the CV-qudit cluster state via a cross-Kerr interaction induced by intermediary superconducting qubits between neighbouring cavities under the Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonian. This approach could be scalable for building 2D logical cluster states and therefore will pave a new pathway of logical MBQC in superconducting circuits toward fault-tolerant quantum computing.

arXiv:1808.07638Scientific ReportsNov 12, 201911 citations

Efficient measurement-based quantum computing with continuous-variable systems

Matthias Ohliger, Jens Eisert

We present strictly efficient schemes for scalable measurement-based quantum computing using continuous-variable systems: These schemes are based on suitable non-Gaussian resource states, ones that can be prepared using interactions of light with matter systems or even purely optically. Merely Gaussian measurements such as optical homodyning as well as photon counting measurements are required, on individual sites. These schemes overcome limitations posed by Gaussian cluster states, which are known not to be universal for quantum computations of unbounded length, unless one is willing to scale the degree of squeezing with the total system size. We establish a framework derived from tensor networks and matrix product states with infinite physical dimension and finite auxiliary dimension general enough to provide a framework for such schemes. Since in the discussed schemes the logical encoding is finite dimensional, tools of error correction are applicable. We also identify some further limitations for any continuous-variable computing scheme from which one can argue that no substantially easier ways of continuous-variable measurement-based computing than the presented one can exist.

arXiv:1112.2641Physical Review AJun 21, 201238 citations

Graph State Generation Based on Quantum Photonic Devices, Enabling Measurement-Based Quantum Computing

Masoud Hakimi Heris

Photonic cluster states are fundamental resource for measurement-based quantum computing (MBQC), which is a promising approach for scalable quantum computing. These highly entangled states enable computation with applying local measurements rather than gate operations, which makes them essential for fault-tolerant quantum computing. Generation of the photonic cluster states requires high-quality entanglement and stability, which can be done by making use of cavity quantum electrodynamics (cavity QED), which is embedding quantum dots (QDs) into photonic microcavities. This method enables controlled single-photon emission and the entanglement of them, helping with key challenges in generating photonic cluster states. Enhancing the generation of the photonic cluster state requires improvement in the quality factor (Q-factor) and therefore, cooperativity of cavity and QD systems. A high Q-factor helps with reduction in photon loss and decoherence, ensuring more stable and high-fidelity quantum states. It also enables better light-matter interactions, improving cluster state quality. Cooperativity, which is a measure for the light-matter coupling strength relative to dissipation, directly impacts photon emission efficiency. Optimization of these parameters improves entanglement generation, which is essential for producing high-quality photonic cluster states. Therefore, optimized cavities are essential for improving the generation of the photonic cluster states. Scalability is also an important parameter for the generation of the large-scale cluster states used in quantum computing. In this paper, after reviewing MBQC, cluster states, and the generation of the photonic cluster states, we investigate the deterministic generation of the photonic cluster state resource for the purpose of MBQC, and highlights the importance of the inverse design techniques for this goal.

quant-pharXiv:2607.16667Jul 21, 20260 citations

Measurement-based quantum computation with qubit and continuous-variable systems

Rafael N. Alexander

Quantum computers offer impressive computational speed-ups over their present-day (classical) counterparts. In the measurement-based model, quantum computation is driven by single-site measurements on a large entangled quantum state known as a cluster state. This thesis explores extensions of the measurement-based model for quantum computation in qubit and continuous-variable systems. Within the qubit setting, we consider the task of characterizing how well a small-scale measurement-based quantum device can perform logic gates. We adapt a pre-existing scheme known as randomized benchmarking into the setting of measurement-based quantum computation on a one-dimensional cluster state. A key feature of randomized benchmarking is that it uses random sequences of gates. We show how the intrinsic randomness of measurement-based quantum computation can be harnessed when implementing them. Within the continuous-variable setting, we consider optical cluster states that can be generated with current technology. We propose a compact method for generating universal cluster states based on optical-parametric-oscillator technology. We consider how finite squeezing effects manifest in computation and show that pre-existing measurement-based protocols are suboptimal. We propose new measurement-based protocols that have better noise properties, compactness, and circuit flexibility. As an application, we introduce a measurement-based method for implementing interferometry. In this model, the finite squeezing noise can be dealt with as a photon-loss process. Building further on this work, we investigate the resource requirements of a measurement-based boson-sampling device, proving simultaneous efficiency in time, space, and squeezing (energy) resources. These results offer new insights into how to build, use, and characterize a measurement-based quantum computer.

Sep 21, 20160 citations