Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:2512.10225

Integrated Generation and Purification of Entangled Coherent States for Non-Gaussian Teleportation

Ananga Mohan Datta, William J. Munro, Nicolo Lo Piparo, Kae Nemoto

quant-phSubmitted Dec 11, 2025• Announced Dec 12, 2025• 0 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Entangled coherent states (ECS) provide a powerful non-Gaussian resource for continuous-variable quantum communication, but their generation in scalable architectures remains challenging. We propose an integrated photonic scheme that creates high-fidelity ECS from a two-mode squeezed vacuum via photon subtraction in a symmetric waveguide trimer. The resulting non-Gaussian entanglement is further enhanced by single-photon catalysis, which purifies the distributed state after transmission through lossy channels. Using these purified ECS resources, we analyze a photon-number-based teleportation protocol and demonstrate high-fidelity transfer of both coherent states and Schrodinger cat states. In particular, the teleportation fidelity for cat states exceeds the classical threshold of 2/3 over a broad range of realistic channel and squeezing parameters, whereas Gaussian resources fail to do so. Our results show that integrated photon subtraction and catalysis enable practical, chip-compatible generation of non-Gaussian entanglement suitable for advanced quantum teleportation and continuous-variable quantum networks.

Related papers

Non-Gaussian entangled states and quantum teleportation of Schrödinger-cat states

Kaushik Parasuram Seshadreesan, Jonathan P Dowling, G. S. Agarwal

In continuous-variable quantum information, non-Gaussian entangled states that are obtained from Gaussian entangled states via photon subtraction are known to contain more entanglement. This makes them better resources for quantum information processing protocols, such as, quantum teleportation. We discuss the teleportation of non-Gaussian, non-classical Schrödinger-cat states of light using two-mode squeezed vacuum light that is made non-Gaussian via subtraction of a photon from each of the two modes. We consider the experimentally realizable cat states produced by subtracting a photon from the single-mode squeezed vacuum state. We discuss two figures of merit for the teleportation process, (a) the fidelity, and (b) the maximum negativity of the Wigner function at the output. We elucidate how the non-Gaussian entangled resource lowers the requirements on the amount of squeezing necessary to achieve any given fidelity of teleportation, or to achieve negative values of the Wigner function at the output.

arXiv:1306.3168•Physica Scripta•Jun 1, 2015•40 citations

Non-Gaussian two mode squeezed thermal states in continuous variable quantum teleportation

Chandan Kumar

Abstract We consider a practical scheme for the implementation of non-Gaussian operation, viz., photon subtraction, photon addition, and photon catalysis, on two-mode squeezed thermal state. The generated states are employed as resources in continuous-variable quantum teleportation. The results show that the three non-Gaussian operations can enhance the teleportation fidelity. Considering the success probability of the non-Gaussian operations, we identify single-photon catalysis and single photon subtraction to be optimal for teleporting input coherent states and squeezed vacuum states, at low and intermediate squeezing levels, respectively.

arXiv:2403.03204•Physica Scripta•Aug 29, 2024•2 citations

Continuous-variable quantum teleportation with non-Gaussian entangled states generated via multiple-photon subtraction and addition

Shuai Wang, Li-Li Hou, Xianfeng Chen +1 more

We theoretically analyze the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) correlation, the quadrature squeezing, and the continuous-variable quantum teleportation when considering non-Gaussian entangled states generated by applying multiple-photon subtraction and multiple-photon addition to a two-mode squeezed vacuum state (TMSVs). Our results indicate that in the case of the multiple-photon-subtracted TMSVs with symmetric operations, the corresponding EPR correlation, the two-mode squeezing degree, the sum squeezing, and the fidelity of teleporting a coherent state or a squeezed vacuum state can be enhanced for any squeezing parameter $r$ and these enhancements increase with the number of subtracted photons in the low-squeezing regime, while asymmetric multiple-photon subtractions will generally reduce these quantities. For the multiple-photon-added TMSVs, although it holds stronger entanglement, its EPR correlation, two-mode squeezing, sum squeezing, and the fidelity of a coherent state are always smaller than that of the TMSVs. Only when considering the case of teleporting a squeezed vacuum state does the symmetric photon addition make somewhat of an improvement in the fidelity for large-squeezing parameters. In addition, we analytically prove that a one-mode multiple-photon-subtracted TMSVs is equivalent to that of the one-mode multiple-photon-added one. And one-mode multiple-photon operations will diminish the above four quantities for any squeezing parameter $r$.

arXiv:1411.7500•Physical Review A•Jun 25, 2015•101 citations

Multiphoton catalysis on non-gaussian photon-added and subtracted pair coherent states

Anjali Jatwani, Amit Verma

Abstract Recently, it was reported that Quantum optical catalysis is a method capable of transforming Gaussian/non-Gaussian input states into non-Gaussian states without changing the photon number of the original state in Int. J. Theor. Phys. 62, 41 (2023). They have shown enhancement in non-Gaussianity after applying photon catalysis over a pair coherent state. Here in this work, we investigate the multi photon-catalysis phenomenon in a photon-added (in one mode) and photon-subtracted (in another mode) pair coherent state. The entanglement and non-Gaussian properties of the generated state multiphoton catalytic photon-added-and-subtracted pair coherent state (MC-PASPCS) are analyzed using linear entropy, logarithmic negativity, and a quantitative measure of non-Gaussianity. Furthermore, the usefulness of the proposed state as a quantum resource is examined through continuous-variable quantum teleportation fidelity. Our results show that the combined effect of photon addition/subtraction and multiphoton catalysis significantly enhances entanglement, non-Gaussianity, and teleportation performance in suitable parameter regimes compared with the original pair coherent state. The findings demonstrate that said states provides a controllable platform for generating highly non-Gaussian entangled states with potential applications in quantum information processing.

Physica Scripta•May 11, 2026•1 citation

Optimizing realistic continuous-variable quantum teleportation with non-Gaussian resources

Ankita, Arpita Chatterjee

In this work, we investigate the performance of non-Gaussian entangled resources in continuous-variable quantum teleportation within a realistic setting. We describe the characteristic functions of three distinct entangled resources, a two-mode squeezed vacuum state, a two-mode photon-subtracted squeezed state, and a two-mode photon-added squeezed state. We extend the theoretical analysis by Yang et al. to include the realistic experimental conditions such as photon losses, imperfect measurements which typically affect continuous-variable quantum teleportation. Our results demonstrate that even in non-ideal situations, the photon-subtracted squeezed state outperforms the other two resources in the low squeezing regime, keeping fidelity above the classical threshold that suggests the robustness of photon-subtracted squeezed state in practical teleportation applications. We further analyze the EPR correlations of these entangled resources, revealing that the photon-subtracted squeezed state exhibits stronger EPR correlations than the original two-mode squeezed vacuum state and the two-mode photon-added squeezed state. This study merges theoretical models with realistic imperfections and utilizes non-Gaussian entanglement into high-fidelity quantum teleportation.

arXiv:2503.15909•Mar 20, 2025•0 citations

Continuous-variable quantum teleportation, U(2)-invariant squeezing, and non-Gaussian resource states

Mohak Sharma, Chandan Kumar, Shikhar Arora +1 more

We investigate the role of quadrature squeezing in the quantum teleportation protocol for coherent states, using non-Gaussian resource states. For the two-mode systems, the non-Gaussian resource states that we use are obtained by an experimentally realizable scheme of photon subtraction, photon addition, and photon catalysis, on the two-mode squeezed vacuum, and two-mode squeezed thermal states. We first analyze the non-classical attribute of quadrature squeezing in these generated non-Gaussian states using the $U(2)$ invariant squeezing approach, which allows us to account for all possible quadratures. We then show that the presence of such non-classicality in non-Gaussian resource states is not necessary for successful quantum teleportation, a finding which is at variance with an earlier result in this direction. This result is important since it demonstrates how non-classicality other than quadrature squeezing present in the resource can be utilized for quantum teleportation.

arXiv:2502.17182•Physical Review A•Jun 20, 2025•4 citations
Entangled coherent states (ECS) provide a powerful non-Gaussian resource for continuous-variable quantum communication, but their generation in scalable architectures remains challenging. We propose an integrated photonic scheme that creates high-fidelity ECS from a two-mode squeezed vacuum via photon subtraction in a symmetric waveguide trimer. The resulting non-Gaussian entanglement is further enhanced by single-photon catalysis, which purifies the distributed state after transmission through lossy channels. Using these purified ECS resources, we analyze a photon-number-based teleportation protocol and demonstrate high-fidelity transfer of both coherent states and Schrodinger cat states. In particular, the teleportation fidelity for cat states exceeds the classical threshold of 2/3 over a broad range of realistic channel and squeezing parameters, whereas Gaussian resources fail to do so. Our results show that integrated photon subtraction and catalysis enable practical, chip-compatible generation of non-Gaussian entanglement suitable for advanced quantum teleportation and continuous-variable quantum networks.
In continuous-variable quantum information, non-Gaussian entangled states that are obtained from Gaussian entangled states via photon subtraction are known to contain more entanglement. This makes them better resources for quantum information processing protocols, such as, quantum teleportation. We discuss the teleportation of non-Gaussian, non-classical Schrödinger-cat states of light using two-mode squeezed vacuum light that is made non-Gaussian via subtraction of a photon from each of the two modes. We consider the experimentally realizable cat states produced by subtracting a photon from the single-mode squeezed vacuum state. We discuss two figures of merit for the teleportation process, (a) the fidelity, and (b) the maximum negativity of the Wigner function at the output. We elucidate how the non-Gaussian entangled resource lowers the requirements on the amount of squeezing necessary to achieve any given fidelity of teleportation, or to achieve negative values of the Wigner function at the output.
Abstract We consider a practical scheme for the implementation of non-Gaussian operation, viz., photon subtraction, photon addition, and photon catalysis, on two-mode squeezed thermal state. The generated states are employed as resources in continuous-variable quantum teleportation. The results show that the three non-Gaussian operations can enhance the teleportation fidelity. Considering the success probability of the non-Gaussian operations, we identify single-photon catalysis and single photon subtraction to be optimal for teleporting input coherent states and squeezed vacuum states, at low and intermediate squeezing levels, respectively.
We theoretically analyze the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) correlation, the quadrature squeezing, and the continuous-variable quantum teleportation when considering non-Gaussian entangled states generated by applying multiple-photon subtraction and multiple-photon addition to a two-mode squeezed vacuum state (TMSVs). Our results indicate that in the case of the multiple-photon-subtracted TMSVs with symmetric operations, the corresponding EPR correlation, the two-mode squeezing degree, the sum squeezing, and the fidelity of teleporting a coherent state or a squeezed vacuum state can be enhanced for any squeezing parameter rrr and these enhancements increase with the number of subtracted photons in the low-squeezing regime, while asymmetric multiple-photon subtractions will generally reduce these quantities. For the multiple-photon-added TMSVs, although it holds stronger entanglement, its EPR correlation, two-mode squeezing, sum squeezing, and the fidelity of a coherent state are always smaller than that of the TMSVs. Only when considering the case of teleporting a squeezed vacuum state does the symmetric photon addition make somewhat of an improvement in the fidelity for large-squeezing parameters. In addition, we analytically prove that a one-mode multiple-photon-subtracted TMSVs is equivalent to that of the one-mode multiple-photon-added one. And one-mode multiple-photon operations will diminish the above four quantities for any squeezing parameter rrr.
Abstract Recently, it was reported that Quantum optical catalysis is a method capable of transforming Gaussian/non-Gaussian input states into non-Gaussian states without changing the photon number of the original state in Int. J. Theor. Phys. 62, 41 (2023). They have shown enhancement in non-Gaussianity after applying photon catalysis over a pair coherent state. Here in this work, we investigate the multi photon-catalysis phenomenon in a photon-added (in one mode) and photon-subtracted (in another mode) pair coherent state. The entanglement and non-Gaussian properties of the generated state multiphoton catalytic photon-added-and-subtracted pair coherent state (MC-PASPCS) are analyzed using linear entropy, logarithmic negativity, and a quantitative measure of non-Gaussianity. Furthermore, the usefulness of the proposed state as a quantum resource is examined through continuous-variable quantum teleportation fidelity. Our results show that the combined effect of photon addition/subtraction and multiphoton catalysis significantly enhances entanglement, non-Gaussianity, and teleportation performance in suitable parameter regimes compared with the original pair coherent state. The findings demonstrate that said states provides a controllable platform for generating highly non-Gaussian entangled states with potential applications in quantum information processing.
In this work, we investigate the performance of non-Gaussian entangled resources in continuous-variable quantum teleportation within a realistic setting. We describe the characteristic functions of three distinct entangled resources, a two-mode squeezed vacuum state, a two-mode photon-subtracted squeezed state, and a two-mode photon-added squeezed state. We extend the theoretical analysis by Yang et al. to include the realistic experimental conditions such as photon losses, imperfect measurements which typically affect continuous-variable quantum teleportation. Our results demonstrate that even in non-ideal situations, the photon-subtracted squeezed state outperforms the other two resources in the low squeezing regime, keeping fidelity above the classical threshold that suggests the robustness of photon-subtracted squeezed state in practical teleportation applications. We further analyze the EPR correlations of these entangled resources, revealing that the photon-subtracted squeezed state exhibits stronger EPR correlations than the original two-mode squeezed vacuum state and the two-mode photon-added squeezed state. This study merges theoretical models with realistic imperfections and utilizes non-Gaussian entanglement into high-fidelity quantum teleportation.
We investigate the role of quadrature squeezing in the quantum teleportation protocol for coherent states, using non-Gaussian resource states. For the two-mode systems, the non-Gaussian resource states that we use are obtained by an experimentally realizable scheme of photon subtraction, photon addition, and photon catalysis, on the two-mode squeezed vacuum, and two-mode squeezed thermal states. We first analyze the non-classical attribute of quadrature squeezing in these generated non-Gaussian states using the U(2)U(2)U(2) invariant squeezing approach, which allows us to account for all possible quadratures. We then show that the presence of such non-classicality in non-Gaussian resource states is not necessary for successful quantum teleportation, a finding which is at variance with an earlier result in this direction. This result is important since it demonstrates how non-classicality other than quadrature squeezing present in the resource can be utilized for quantum teleportation.