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arXiv:2511.14519

Perturbative nonlinear J-matrix method of scattering in two dimensions

T. J. Taiwo, A. D. Alhaidari, U. Al Khawaja

quant-phnlin.SISubmitted Nov 18, 2025• Announced Nov 19, 2025
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Abstract

We introduce a perturbative formulation for a nonlinear extension of the J-matrix method of scattering in two dimensions. That is, we obtain the scattering matrix for the time-independent nonlinear Schrödinger equation in two dimensions with circular symmetry. The formulation relies on the linearization of products of orthogonal polynomials and on the utilization of the tools of the J-matrix method. Gauss quadrature integral approximation is instrumental in the numerical implementation of the approach. We present the theory for a general ψ^{2n + 1} nonlinearity, where n is a natural number, and obtain results for the cubic and quintic nonlinearities, ψ^3 and ψ^5. At certain value(s) of the energy, we observe the occurrence of bifurcation with two stable solutions. This curious and interesting phenomenon is a clear signature and manifestation of the underlying nonlinearity.

Journal reference
Phys. Lett. A 589 (2026) 131798
DOI
10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131798
Comments
32 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables, and 28 references

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We introduce a perturbative formulation for a nonlinear extension of the J-matrix method of scattering in two dimensions. That is, we obtain the scattering matrix for the time-independent nonlinear Schrödinger equation in two dimensions with circular symmetry. The formulation relies on the linearization of products of orthogonal polynomials and on the utilization of the tools of the J-matrix method. Gauss quadrature integral approximation is instrumental in the numerical implementation of the approach. We present the theory for a general ψ^{2n + 1} nonlinearity, where n is a natural number, and obtain results for the cubic and quintic nonlinearities, ψ^3 and ψ^5. At certain value(s) of the energy, we observe the occurrence of bifurcation with two stable solutions. This curious and interesting phenomenon is a clear signature and manifestation of the underlying nonlinearity.
A recently proposed nonperturbative scheme of calculation for the S matrix of field theories is tested for the nonlinear Schr\"odinger model. For the case of two-body scattering, we study the dependence of the approximate S matrix on the following approximation parameters: the momentum-space cutoff \ensuremath{\Lambda}, the number of nodes \ensuremath{\nu}, and the scattering time T. We find convergence towards the reference value, when the approximation parameters tend to infinity, in case of a weak as well as a strong coupling constant. Also in the case of overlapping wave packets, which corresponds to an infinite effective coupling constant, we obtain acceptable convergence.
We give a pedagogical introduction to time-independent scattering theory in one dimension focusing on the basic properties and recent applications of transfer matrices. In particular, we begin surveying some basic notions of potential scattering such as transfer matrix and its analyticity, multidelta-function and locally periodic potentials, Jost solutions, spectral singularities and their time-reversal, and unidirectional reflectionlessness and invisibility. We then offer a simple derivation of the Lippmann-Schwinger equation and the Born series, and discuss the Born approximation. Next, we outline a recently developed dynamical formulation of time-independent scattering theory in one dimension. This formulation relates the transfer matrix and therefore the solution of the scattering problem for a given potential to the solution of the time-dependent Schrodinger equation for an effective nonunitary two-level quantum system. We provide a self-contained treatment of this formulation and some of its most important applications. Specifically, we use it to devise a powerful alternative to the Born series and Born approximation, derive dynamical equations for the reflection and transmission amplitudes, discuss their application in constructing exact tunable unidirectionally invisible potentials, and use them to provide an exact solution for single-mode inverse scattering problems. The latter, which has important applications in designing optical devices with a variety of functionalities, amounts to providing an explicit construction for a finite-range complex potential whose reflection and transmission amplitudes take arbitrary prescribed values at any given wavenumber.
We investigate the global well-posedness and modified scattering for the one-dimensional Schrödinger equation with gauge-invariant polynomial nonlinearity. For small localized initial data of finite energy in a low-regularity class, we establish global existence of solution together with persistence of the localization of the associated profile. We further provide a rigorous derivation of the asymptotic expansion at arbitrary order of such solutions, taking into account long-range effects induced by the cubic component of the nonlinearity. Our analysis relies on the space-time resonance method.
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