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arXiv:2510.16620 · ACM Workshop on Wireless Security and Machine Learning (WiseML)

Feedback Lunch: Learned Feedback Codes for Secure Communications

Yingyao Zhou, Natasha Devroye, Onur Günlü

Published Jun 22, 2026• 0 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We consider reversely-degraded secure-communication channels, for which the secrecy capacity is zero if there is no channel feedback. Specifically, we focus on a seeded modular code design for the block-fading Gaussian wiretap channel with channel-output feedback, combining universal hash functions for security and learned feedback-based codes for reliability. The trade-off between communication reliability and information leakage is studied, illustrating that feedback enables agreeing on a secret key shared between legitimate parties, overcoming the security advantage of the eavesdropper. Our findings motivate code designs for sensing-assisted secure communications in the context of integrated sensing and communication (ISAC).

DOI
10.1145/3811880.3815100

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We consider reversely-degraded secure-communication channels, for which the secrecy capacity is zero if there is no channel feedback. Specifically, we focus on a seeded modular code design for the block-fading Gaussian wiretap channel with channel-output feedback, combining universal hash functions for security and learned feedback-based codes for reliability. The trade-off between communication reliability and information leakage is studied, illustrating that feedback enables agreeing on a secret key shared between legitimate parties, overcoming the security advantage of the eavesdropper. Our findings motivate code designs for sensing-assisted secure communications in the context of integrated sensing and communication (ISAC).
This work models a secure integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) system as a wiretap channel with action-dependent channel states and channel output feedback, e.g., obtained through reflections. The transmitted message is split into a common and a secure message, both of which must be reliably recovered at the legitimate receiver, while the secure message needs to be kept secret from the eavesdropper. The transmitter actions, such as beamforming vector design, affect the corresponding state at each channel use. The action sequence is modeled to depend on both the transmitted message and channel output feedback. For perfect channel output feedback, the secrecy-distortion regions are provided for physically-degraded and reversely-physically-degraded secure ISAC channels with transmitter actions. The corresponding rate regions when the entire message should be kept secret are also provided. The results are illustrated through characterizing the secrecy-distortion region of a binary example.
This paper studies the problem of secure communication over a wiretap channel p(y,z|x) with a secure feedback link of rate Rf, where X is the channel input, and Y and Z are channel outputs observed by the legitimate receiver and the eavesdropper, respectively. It is shown that the secrecy capacity, the maximum data rate of reliable communication while the intended message is not revealed to the eavesdropper, is upper bounded as Cs(Rf) les maxmin/p(x) {I(X;Y), I(X;Y |Z) + Rf}. The proof of the bound crucially depends on a recursive argument which is used to obtain the single-letter characterization. This upper bound is shown to be tight for the class of physically degraded wiretap channels. A capacity-achieving coding scheme is presented for this case, in which the receiver securely feeds back fresh randomness with rate Rf, generated independent of the received channel output symbols. The transmitter then uses this shared randomness as a secret key on top of Wyner's coding scheme for wiretap channels without feedback. Hence, when a feedback link is available, the receiver should allocate all resources to convey a new key rather than sending back the channel output.
We consider a secure integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) scenario, in which a signal is transmitted through a state-dependent wiretap channel with one legitimate receiver with which the transmitter communicates and one honest-but-curious target that the transmitter wants to sense. The secure ISAC channel is modeled as two state-dependent fast-fading channels with correlated Rayleigh fading coefficients and independent additive Gaussian noise components. Delayed channel outputs are fed back to the transmitter to improve the communication performance and to estimate the channel state sequence. We establish and illustrate an achievable secrecy-distortion region for degraded secure ISAC channels under correlated Rayleigh fading. We also evaluate the inner bound for a large set of parameters to derive practical design insights for secure ISAC methods. The presented results include in particular parameter ranges for which the secrecy capacity of a classical wiretap channel setup is surpassed and for which the channel capacity is approached.
We consider a secure integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) scenario, where a signal is transmitted through a state-dependent wiretap channel with one legitimate receiver with which the transmitter communicates and one honest-but-curious target that the transmitter wants to sense. The secure ISAC channel is modeled as two state-dependent fast-fading channels with correlated Rayleigh fading coefficients and independent additive Gaussian noise components. Delayed channel outputs are fed back to the transmitter to improve the communication performance and to estimate the channel state sequence. We establish and illustrate an achievable secrecy-distortion region for degraded secure ISAC channels under correlated Rayleigh fading, for which we show that the signal-to-interference-plus-noise is not a sufficient statistic. We also evaluate the inner bound for a large set of parameters to derive practical design insights. The presented results include parameter ranges for which the secrecy capacity of a classical wiretap channel setup is surpassed and for which the channel capacity is approached. Thus, we illustrate for correlated Rayleigh fading cases that our secure ISAC methods can (i) eliminate the need for the legitimate receiver to have a statistical advantage over the eavesdropper and (ii) provide communication security with minimal rate penalty.
Secure communication with feedback is studied. An achievability scheme in which the backward channel is used to generate a shared secret key is proposed. The scenario of binary symmetric forward and back-ward channels is considered, and a combination of the proposed scheme and Maurer’s coding scheme is shown to achieve improved secrecy rates. The scenario of a Gaussian channel with perfect output feedback is also analyzed and the Schalkwijk-Kailath coding scheme is shown to achieve the secrecy capacity for this channel. 1.
Secure communication with feedback is studied. An achievability scheme in which the backward channel is used to generate a shared secret key is proposed. The scenario of binary symmetric forward and backward channels is considered, and a combination of the proposed scheme and Maurer's coding scheme is shown to achieve improved secrecy rates. The scenario of a Gaussian channel with perfect output feedback is also analyzed and the Schalkwijk-Kailath coding scheme is shown to achieve the secrecy capacity for this channel.