We analyze two coupled quantum oscillators in a common Lorentzian environment and control them by detuning (temporarily shifting) their frequencies. The reduced dynamics are solved exactly, without Born or Markov approximations, by propagating each detuning segment in closed form. We study two control schedules: regular detuning, with perfectly periodic on and off pulses of fixed period, width, and amplitude; and irregular detuning, with the same on/off structure but cycle-to-cycle jitter in period, width, and amplitude. Our main observable is the average excitation number (AEN) of each mode. Detuning moves the system away from the bath's spectral peak, suppressing decoherence and damping non-Markovian revivals; in effectively Markovian baths the benefit is small. We quantify performance with a simple time-domain suppression factor. Larger detuning amplitudes and higher duty cycles yield stronger protection. Irregular control is slightly weaker at low duty cycle but becomes comparable to regular control as the duty cycle approaches one. These results give practical design rules linking detuning, duty cycle, and bath width, and provide an exact benchmark for controlled non-Markovian dynamics.
We analyze two coupled quantum oscillators in a common Lorentzian environment and control them by detuning (temporarily shifting) their frequencies. The reduced dynamics are solved exactly, without Born or Markov approximations, by propagating each detuning segment in closed form. We study two control schedules: regular detuning, with perfectly periodic on and off pulses of fixed period, width, and amplitude; and irregular detuning, with the same on/off structure but cycle-to-cycle jitter in period, width, and amplitude. Our main observable is the average excitation number (AEN) of each mode. Detuning moves the system away from the bath's spectral peak, suppressing decoherence and damping non-Markovian revivals; in effectively Markovian baths the benefit is small. We quantify performance with a simple time-domain suppression factor. Larger detuning amplitudes and higher duty cycles yield stronger protection. Irregular control is slightly weaker at low duty cycle but becomes comparable to regular control as the duty cycle approaches one. These results give practical design rules linking detuning, duty cycle, and bath width, and provide an exact benchmark for controlled non-Markovian dynamics.
The precise characterization of dynamics in open quantum systems often presents significant challenges, leading to the introduction of various approximations to simplify a model. One commonly used strategy involves Markovian approximations, assuming a memoryless environment. In this study, such approximations are not used and an analytical dynamical depiction of an open quantum system is provided. The system under consideration is an oscillator that is surrounded by a bath of oscillators. The resulting dynamics are characterized by an integrodifferential equation, which can be solved numerically. Remarkably, an exactly analytical solution exists when its reservoir spectral density is Lorentzian. Furthermore, this analytical solvability remains when rectangular pulse control is applied to the system, though with different parameters due to the pulses. Moreover, distinct dynamical regions emerge, depending on certain parameter values. Notably, the steady-state average excitation number (AEN) of the system shows rapid escalation with increasing non-Markovianity, reflecting the intricacies of real-world dynamics. In cases where there is detuning between the system frequency and the environmental central frequency within a non-Markovian regime, the AEN maintains its initial value for an extended period. Interestingly, the exact analytical solution with pulse control inherently protects the quantum system from decoherence effects without using approximations, while this protection fades as the system approaches the Markovian regime. The pulse control can not only prolong the relaxation time of the oscillator, but can also be used to speed up the relaxation process, depending on the specifications of the pulse.
We investigate the quantum entanglement dynamics of two coupled harmonic oscillators with a time-dependent interaction. Using the Lewis-Riesenfeld invariant method, we derive the exact analytical wave functions without any perturbative or adiabatic approximations and combine this with a phase-space analysis using the Wigner function to provide a complete description of the system's quantum state evolution. We obtain general expression form for the purity and the linear entropy SL=1−P for arbitrary excitation numbers (n,m), allows a systematic study of entanglement for a large class of quantum states. We show that the entanglement dynamics is very sensitive to the interplay between the detuning parameters θ and ϑ2, the frequency parameter β0 and the coupling strength ε: the increase of detuning takes the system from slow irregular oscillations to fast and regular periodic behavior, and the stronger coupling systematically enhances both the amplitude and the average value of the linear entropy. Most importantly, for the resonance case ω1=ω2=1 and strong couplings ε≈0.99, the system shows robust undamped synchronized periodic oscillations of the linear entropy for all quantum states considered, indicating preserved quantum coherence without saturation. Our findings demonstrate that linear entropy is a sensitive and practical entanglement witness, and we establish explicit analytical relations between the coupling parameters of the system and its entanglement properties, which are directly relevant to quantum information processing and the control of quantum correlations in continuous-variable systems.
The precise characterization of dynamics in open quantum systems often presents significant challenges, leading to the introduction of various approximations to simplify a model. One commonly used strategy involves Markovian approximations, assuming a memoryless environment. In this study, such approximations are not used and an analytical dynamical depiction of an open quantum system is provided. The system under consideration is an oscillator that is surrounded by a bath of oscillators. The resulting dynamics are characterized by a second-order complex coefficient linear differential equation, which may be either homogeneous or inhomogeneous. Moreover, distinct dynamical regions emerge, depending on certain parameter values. Notably, the steady-state average excitation number (AEN) of the system shows rapid escalation with increasing non-Markovianity, reflecting the intricacies of real-world dynamics. In cases where there is detuning between the system frequency and the environmental central frequency within a non-Markovian regime, the AEN maintains its initial value for an extended period. Furthermore, the application of pulse control can effectively protect the quantum system from decoherence effects without using approximations. The pulse control can not only prolong the relaxation time of the oscillator, but can also be used to speed up the relaxation process, depending on the specifications of the pulse. By employing a kick pulse, the Mpemba effect can be observed in the non-Markovian regime in a surprisingly super-cooling-like effect.
Dynamics of the quantum entanglement and quantum discord of two qubits in two independent baths and a common bath with the Lorentzian spectrum are studied exactly in the numerical sense within the hierarchy approach. The effects of the counter-rotating-wave terms from the system–bath coherence on these quantum correlations are systematically discussed and comparisons with previous ones under the rotating-wave approximation are also performed. For two independent baths, beyond the weak system–bath coupling, the counter-rotating-wave terms essentially change evolutions of both the entanglement and quantum discord. With increase of the coupling, revival of the entanglement after a period of complete disentanglement is suppressed dramatically and finally disappears, and the quantum discord becomes smaller monotonically. For the common bath, the entanglement is also suppressed by the counter-rotating-wave terms, but the quantum discord shows quite different behaviors if initiated from spin-correlated states. In the non-Markovian regime, the quantum discord is almost not influenced by the counter-rotating-wave terms and is generally finite in the long-time evolution at arbitrary coupling while in the Markovian regime, it is significantly enhanced with the strong coupling.
Abstract We present an exact analytical solution of the Hu–Paz–Zhang master equation in a precise Markovian limit for a system of two harmonically coupled harmonic oscillators interacting with a common thermal bath of harmonic oscillators. The thermal bath is initially considered to be at arbitrary temperatures and characterized by an Ohmic Lorentz–Drude spectral density. In the examined system, couplings between the two harmonic oscillators and the environment ensure a complete decoupling of the center-of-mass and relative degrees of freedom, resulting in undamped dynamics in the relative coordinate. The exact time evolution is used to analyze the system’s entanglement dynamics, quantified through logarithmic negativity and quantum mutual information, while ensuring the positivity of the density operator to confirm the physical validity of the results. We demonstrate that, under certain parameter regimes and initial conditions, the asymptotic dynamics can give rise to periodic entanglement-disentanglement behavior. Furthermore, numerical simulations reveal that for negative values of the direct coupling between the oscillators, which are sufficiently close to a critical lower bound beyond which the system becomes unstable, the system can maintain entanglement across a broad temperature range and for arbitrarily long durations.
Dynamical control of entanglement and its connection with the classical concept of instability is an intriguing matter which deserves accurate investigation for its important role in information processing, cryptography and quantum computing. Here we consider a tripartite quantum system made of three coupled quantum parametric oscillators in equilibrium with a common heat bath. The introduced parametrization consists of a pulse train with adjustable amplitude and duty cycle representing a more general case for the perturbation. From the experimental observation of the instability in the classical system we are able to predict the parameter values for which the entangled states exist. A different amount of entanglement and different onset times emerge when comparing two and three quantum oscillators. The system and the parametrization considered here open new perspectives for manipulating quantum features at high temperatures.