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arXiv:2508.10301 · Quantum Information Processing

Unified construction of genuine multipartite entanglement measures based on geometric mean and its applications

Zong Wang, Zhihao Ma, Lin Chen, Chengjie Zhang, Shao-Ming Fei

Published Aug 7, 2025• 0 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1007/s11128-025-04862-y

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Genuine Multipartite Entanglement Measure Based on ααα-concurrence
Quantifying genuine entanglement is a crucial task in quantum information theory. Based on the geometric mean of bipartite ααα-concurrences among all bipartitions, we present a class of well-defined genuine multipartite entanglement (GME) measures GαααC with one parameter ααα for arbitrary multipartite states. We show that the GαααC is of continuity for any multipartite pure states. By utilizing the related symmetry, analytical results of GαααC are derived for any nnn-qubit GHZ states and W states, which show that the GHZ states are more genuinely entangled than the W states. With explicit examples, we demonstrate that the GαααC can distinguish different GME states that other GME measures fail to. These results justify the potential applications of GαααC in characterizing genuine multipartite entanglements.
In this paper, we propose the geometric mean of bipartite concurrences as a genuine multipartite entanglement measure. This measure achieves the maximum value for absolutely maximally entangled states and has desirable properties for quantifying potential quantum resources. The simplicity and symmetry in the definition facilitates its computation for various multipartite entangled states including the GHZ states and the WWW states. With explicit examples, we show that our measure results in distinct entanglement orderings from other measures and can detect differences in certain types of genuine multipartite entanglement while other measures cannot. These results justify the potential application of our measure for tasks involving genuine multipartite entanglement.
We study the quantification of genuine multipartite entanglement (GME) for general multipartite states. A set of inequalities satisfied by the entanglement of N-partite pure states is derived by exploiting the restrictions on entanglement distributions, showing that the bipartite entanglement between each part and its remaining ones cannot exceed the sum of the other partners with their remaining ones. Then a series of triangles, named concurrence triangles, are established corresponding to these inequalities. Proper genuine multipartite entanglement measures are thus constructed by using the geometric mean area of these concurrence triangles, which are non-increasing under local operation and classical communication. The GME measures classify which parts are separable or entangled with the rest ones for non genuine entangled pure states. The GME measures for mixed states are given via the convex roof construction, and a witness to detect the GME of multipartite mixed states is presented by an approach based on state purifications. Detailed examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of our GME measures.