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arXiv:2507.17076

Dynamical and Emission Properties of Quantum Emitters driven by Ultra-Short Laser Pulses

Juan E. Ardila-García, Juan S. Sierra-Jaraba, Herbert Vinck-Posada

Published Jul 22, 2025• 1 citation
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

The development of high-performance quantum technologies relies on the ability to prepare the quantum states of solid-state emitters with high fidelity while cleanly separating the emitted photons from the driving field. Here, we present a comprehensive theoretical comparison of three single-pulse coherent control protocols: resonant Rabi oscillations, adiabatic rapid passage (ARP), and notch-filtered ARP (NARP). To establish an ideal performance baseline, we first map the parameter spaces for each protocol in a closed system, identifying the regions of robust population inversion. We then use a Lindblad master equation to compute the time-resolved emission spectra in the presence of decoherence. Our results show that while all three schemes can generate identical, transform-limited Lorentzian photons, NARP uniquely combines the high-fidelity robustness of adiabatic passage with intrinsic spectral separability. Our findings, which align with the work on NARP by Wilbur et al., establish a clear design framework for engineering the next generation of quantum light sources.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.2507.17076

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The development of high-performance quantum technologies relies on the ability to prepare the quantum states of solid-state emitters with high fidelity while cleanly separating the emitted photons from the driving field. Here, we present a comprehensive theoretical comparison of three single-pulse coherent control protocols: resonant Rabi oscillations, adiabatic rapid passage (ARP), and notch-filtered ARP (NARP). To establish an ideal performance baseline, we first map the parameter spaces for each protocol in a closed system, identifying the regions of robust population inversion. We then use a Lindblad master equation to compute the time-resolved emission spectra in the presence of decoherence. Our results show that while all three schemes can generate identical, transform-limited Lorentzian photons, NARP uniquely combines the high-fidelity robustness of adiabatic passage with intrinsic spectral separability. Our findings, which align with the work on NARP by Wilbur et al., establish a clear design framework for engineering the next generation of quantum light sources.
We present a driving scheme for solid-state quantum emitters, referred to as Notch-filtered Adiabatic Rapid Passage (NARP), that utilizes frequency-swept pulses containing a spectral hole resonant with the optical transition in the emitter. NARP enables high-fidelity state inversion and exhibits robustness to variations in the laser pulse parameters, benefits that are derived from the insensitivity of the condition for adiabatic evolution. NARP also offers the advantage of immunity to phonon-mediated excitation-induced dephasing when positively chirped control pulses are used. Our resonant driving approach could be combined with spectral filtering of the scattered pump light and photonic devices for enhanced collection efficiency to realize simultaneous high indistinguishability and brightness in single photon source applications.
In this presentation I will describe a new laser driving scheme for triggered high-brightness single photon emitters using a chirped laser pulse possessing a spectral hole resonant with the transition energy of the emitter, referred to as Notch-filtered adiabatic rapid passage (NARP). When combined with optimized photonic structures for enhanced collection efficiency and commercial filters we estimate that NARP would provide less than 10-8 scattered photons per emitted photon with a 4% detection loss together with resonant driving for high photon indistinguishability. We demonstrate inversion using NARP experimentally in a single semiconductor QD.
The preparation of photonic qubits in the excited state is an integral part of the performance of an on-demand single photon source (SPS). Conventional resonant excitation, an excellent approach to maximize the coherence and indistinguishability of the SPS, often requires polarization filtering to remove the pump signal and isolate the qubit emission, but this results in an inherent 50\% hit to the efficiency. Recent excitation schemes strategically try to exploit pulses that excite the qubit while avoiding spectral overlap to bypass this required filtering. In this work, we compare three such pumping schemes to quantify the important SPS figures-of-merit for off-resonant quantum dot schemes, using: (i) a symmetrically detuned dichromatic pulse, (ii) a notch-filtered adiabatic rapid passage (NARP) pulse, and (iii) a swing up of the quantum emitter population (SUPER) pulse. Due to large instantaneous pulse strengths, the dichromatic pulse suffers from phonon-induced dephasing which can lower the SPS performance by up to 50\%. In contrast, the NARP and SUPER pulses are shielded from phonon coupling to differing degrees but both maintain excellent SPS performance. The SUPER pulse can lose significant efficiency if there is variance in its constituent pulses' amplitude, pulse width, or frequency, while the NARP pulse, though potentially more difficult to realize in experiments, is robust against variance in the pulse preparation.
The preparation of quantum-dot qubits in the excited state is an integral part of the performance of an on-demand single photon source. Recent excitation schemes strategically use pulses that avoid spectral overlap with the qubit emission for easier differentiation between the pump and signal. In this work, we look at the robustness of two such pumping schemes, (i) a dichromatic pulse, and (ii) a notch-filtered adiabatic rapid passage (NARP) approach, in the presence of phonon coupling. We find that due to large instantaneous pulse strengths, the dichromatic pulse suffers from phonon-induced pure dephasing and can have up to 50% worse performance as a single photon source. On the other hand, the NARP approach is more robust against the phonon coupling due to a weaker and smoother pulse profile.
We extend the recently developed Notch-filtered Adiabatic Rapid Passage (NARP) scheme for laser-triggered single-photon sources to the simultaneous excitation of multiple emitters with varying transition energies, laying the groundwork for wavelength-division multiplexing in quantum optical networks. Our multi-NARP scheme does not rely on polarization filtering and thus enables the near-unity extraction efficiency of single photons from each quantum dot. Our approach also offers the advantages of robustness to variations in the laser pulse parameters and immunity to excitation-induced dephasing tied to electron–phonon coupling. We show that simultaneous triggering of at least 10 emitters is possible, enabling the development of high-bandwidth quantum networks.