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arXiv:2506.21643

Consistent Simulation of Fibonacci Anyon Braiding within a Qubit Quasicrystal Inflation Code

Marcelo M. Amaral

Published Jun 25, 2025• 0 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

The simulation of non-Abelian anyon braiding is a critical step towards fault-tolerant quantum computation. We introduce a framework for this task based on a one-dimensional Quasicrystal Inflation Code (QIC). The code is defined by a local Hamiltonian whose ground state manifold enforces Fibonacci tiling constraints and possesses the correct Fibonacci degeneracy. We derive the corresponding braid operators and demonstrate that, while they are formally non-local, they possess an exact, local 3-qubit structure. This allows us to distill their action into a single, physically realizable $8 \times 8$ gate, which we term the $B_{gate}$. We prove through comparative compilation for systems with different numbers of qubits that constructing circuits by composing these local gates is dramatically more scalable than compiling the equivalent global unitary, showing a greater than tenfold reduction in circuit depth. To validate the framework, we successfully executed a braiding algorithm for the Jones polynomial, a topological invariant of knots, on an IBM Quantum processor, quantifying the signal degradation due to hardware noise. Finally, we numerically confirm for systems up to 17 qubits that our construction rigorously satisfies the required Temperley-Lieb and braid group relations while preserving the code subspace. This work establishes a validated and physically grounded pathway for the scalable simulation of anyonic braiding on programmable quantum systems.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.2506.21643

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Topological quantum computers promise a fault tolerant means to perform quantum computation. Topological quantum computers use particles with exotic exchange statistics called non-Abelian anyons, and the simplest anyon model which allows for universal quantum computation by particle exchange or braiding alone is the Fibonacci anyon model. One classically hard problem that can be solved efficiently using quantum computation is finding the value of the Jones polynomial of knots at roots of unity. We aim to provide a pedagogical, self-contained, review of topological quantum computation with Fibonacci anyons, from the braiding statistics and matrices to the layout of such a computer and the compiling of braids to perform specific operations. Then we use a simulation of a topological quantum computer to explicitly demonstrate a quantum computation using Fibonacci anyons, evaluating the Jones polynomial of a selection of simple knots.
Abstract Quantum many-body systems with a non-Abelian topological order can host anyonic quasiparticles. It has been proposed that anyons could be used to encode and manipulate information in a topologically protected manner that is immune to local noise, with quantum gates performed by braiding and fusing anyons. Unfortunately, realizing non-Abelian topologically ordered states is challenging, and it was not until recently that the signatures of non-Abelian statistics were observed through digital quantum simulation approaches. However, not all forms of topological order can be used to realize universal quantum computation. Here we use a superconducting quantum processor to simulate non-Abelian topologically ordered states of the Fibonacci string-net model and demonstrate braidings of Fibonacci anyons featuring universal computational power. We demonstrate the non-trivial topological nature of the quantum states by measuring the topological entanglement entropy. In addition, we create two pairs of Fibonacci anyons and demonstrate their fusion rule and non-Abelian braiding statistics by applying unitary gates on the underlying physical qubits. Our results establish a digital approach to explore non-Abelian topological states and their associated braiding statistics with current noisy intermediate-scale quantum processors.
The concrete realization of topological quantum computing using low-dimensional quasiparticles, known as anyons, remains one of the important challenges of quantum computing. A topological quantum computing platform promises to deliver more robust qubits with additional hardware-level protection against errors that could lead to the desired large-scale quantum computation. We propose quasicrystal materials as such a natural platform and show that they exhibit anyonic behavior that can be used for topological quantum computing. Different from anyons, quasicrystals are already implemented in laboratories. In particular, we study the correspondence between the fusion Hilbert spaces of the simplest non-abelian anyon, the Fibonacci anyons, and the tiling spaces of the one-dimensional Fibonacci chain and the two-dimensional Penrose tiling quasicrystals. A concrete encoding on these tiling spaces of topological quantum information processing is also presented by making use of inflation and deflation of such tiling spaces. While we outline the theoretical basis for such a platform, details on the physical implementation remain open.