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arXiv:2505.21320 · Physical Review A

Magnon blockade in spin-magnon systems with frequency detuning

Sheng Zhao, Ya-long Ren, Xin‐Lei Hei, Xue‐Feng Pan, Fuli Li

Published Jun 23, 2025• 6 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Magnon blockade is a physical mechanism for the preparation of a single-magnon source, which has important applications in quantum information processing. Here we propose a scheme for generating an optimal magnon blockade in the spin-magnon quantum system. By introducing frequency detuning between the magnon and the spin qubit of the NV center, the conventional magnon blockade and the unconventional magnon blockade can be obtained under both strong and weak coupling, relaxing the requirements for coupling strength. Moreover, the conventional and unconventional magnon blockade can occur simultaneously when both the magnon and the spin qubit are driven. This allows the equal-time second-order correlation function to reach $10^{-8}$, about five orders of magnitude lower than that in previous works. Additionally, the time-delayed second-order correlation function avoids oscillation. Our study demonstrates the impact of frequency detuning on the magnon blockade and proposes methods to enhance the magnon blockade and relax the requirements for coupling strength through frequency detuning.

DOI
10.1103/8jy6-fp5x

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Magnon blockade is a physical mechanism for the preparation of a single-magnon source, which has important applications in quantum information processing. Here we propose a scheme for generating an optimal magnon blockade in the spin-magnon quantum system. By introducing frequency detuning between the magnon and the spin qubit of the NV center, the conventional magnon blockade and the unconventional magnon blockade can be obtained under both strong and weak coupling, relaxing the requirements for coupling strength. Moreover, the conventional and unconventional magnon blockade can occur simultaneously when both the magnon and the spin qubit are driven. This allows the equal-time second-order correlation function to reach 10−810^{-8}10−8, about five orders of magnitude lower than that in previous works. Additionally, the time-delayed second-order correlation function avoids oscillation. Our study demonstrates the impact of frequency detuning on the magnon blockade and proposes methods to enhance the magnon blockade and relax the requirements for coupling strength through frequency detuning.
A hybrid system established by the direct interaction between a magnon mode and a superconducting transmon qubit is used to realize a high-degree blockade for magnon. It is a fundamental way toward quantum manipulation at the level of a single magnon and preparation of single magnon sources. Through weakly driving the magnon and probing the qubit, our magnon-blockade proposal can be optimized when the transversal coupling strength between the magnon and qubit is equivalent to the detuning of the qubit and the probing field or that of the magnon and the driving field. Under this condition, the equal-time second-order correlation function g(2)(0){g}^{(2)}(0)g(2)(0) can be analytically minimized when the probing intensity is about three times the driving intensity. Moreover, the magnon blockade could be further enhanced by proper driving intensity and system decay rate, whose magnitudes outrange the current systems of cavity QED and cavity optomechanics. In particular, the correlation function achieves ${g}^{(2)}(0)\ensuremath{\sim}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}7}$, about two orders lower than that for the photon blockade in cavity optomechanics. Also, we discuss the effects on g(2)(0){g}^{(2)}(0)g(2)(0) from thermal noise and the extra longitudinal interaction between the magnon and qubit. Our optimized conditions for blockade are found to persist in these nonideal situations.
We investigate magnon statistics in a qubit-magnon hybrid quantum system in which an effective appreciable qubit-magnon coupling can be realized by exchanging virtual cavity photons. A conventional magnon blockade and two types of unconventional magnon blockades are proposed, respectively, based on three different physical mechanisms. We verify theoretically that a magnon blockade can occur in strong, weak, and moderate qubit-magnon coupling regimes. It is interesting that an asymmetry structure for magnon anti-bunching can be observed in the case of the moderate qubit-magnon coupling strength, especially where the quantum interference can significantly relax the requirement of the larger coupling strength between the qubit and magnon mode. All of the approximate analytical results for strong magnon anti-bunching are in good agreement with those obtained by numerical simulations. Our results provide a promising pathway for coherent manipulation in single magnon level, which has potential applications for quantum information processing and preparation of single magnon sources.
We propose to achieve and enhance the magnon blockade effect in an optomechanical-magnetic system based on a quantum destructive interference mechanism between three indirect transition pathways. By introducing a degenerate parametric amplifier, we analytically obtain the optimal parametric gain and phase for achieving the magnon blockade. Under the optimized parameter conditions, the driving detunings of cavity and magnon modes can be flexibly controlled to achieve the smallest second-order magnon correlation function. Moreover, the magnon blockade can exhibit fascinating features by proper driving detuning and weaker driving strength. Our scheme combines the benefits of destructive interference-induced magnon blockade and energy-level anharmonicity-induced magnon blockade, which results in a reduction of equal-time second-order magnon correlation while simultaneously avoiding time-delay second-order magnon correlation with rapid oscillation. Our work provides an alternative and experimentally feasible platform for manipulating few-magnon states and generating single-magnon sources.
Abstract Magnon blockade (MB) is a fundamental quantum phenomenon for generating single-magnon states, and has gradually become one of the candidates for quantum information processing. We extend existing blockade optimization schemes to a hybrid system consisting of a YIG micromagnet and a skyrmion, and propose a theoretical scheme for achieving MB on this platform. Under weak magnon probing and external driving of the skyrmion qubit, the second-order correlation function is analytically derived, and the optimal parameter conditions for both conventional and unconventional MB are identified. By appropriately adjusting the intensities of the driving and probing fields, the MB effect is significantly enhanced, multi-magnon excitations are effectively suppressed, and strong antibunching is achieved. Further analysis reveals that MB originates from two distinct physical mechanisms: conventional blockade induced by anharmonicity of the energy level structure, and unconventional blockade arising from quantum interference between different transition paths. On this platform, the two mechanisms coexist and can be synergistically controlled, and their cooperation yields a blockade effect superior to that of either mechanism alone. This work thus provides a feasible theoretical scheme for the effective manipulation of MB effects.
The implementation of a single magnon level quantum manipulation is one of the fundamental targets in quantum magnetism with a significant practical relevance for precision metrology, quantum information processing, and quantum simulation. Here we demonstrate theoretically the feasibility of using a hybrid ferromagnet-superconductor quantum system to prepare a single magnon source based on magnon blockade effects. By numerically solving the quantum master equation, we show that the second-order correlation function of the magnon mode depends crucially on the relation between the qubit-magnon coupling strength and the driving detuning, and simultaneously signatures of the magnon blockade appear only under quite stringent conditions of a cryogenic temperature. In addition to providing perception into the quantum phenomena of magnon, the study of magnon blockade effects will help to develop novel technologies for exploring the undiscovered magnon traits at the quantum level and may find applications in designing single magnon emitters.
A stable and high-quality single-magnon state is desired by the single-magnon source for quantum-information application with a macroscopic spin system. We consider a hybrid system where a magnon mode is directly coupled to a nonresonant superconducting qubit via the exchange interaction. The magnon and qubit are under the driving and probing fields with the same frequency, respectively. We find that the single-magnon probability P1{P}_{1}P1​ can be maximized when the product of the magnon-driving field detuning and the qubit-probing field detuning is equivalent to the square of the magnon-qubit coupling strength, ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}}_{q}{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}}_{m}\ensuremath{\approx}{J}^{2}$. Then, the double-magnon probability P2{P}_{2}P2​ can be minimized by tuning the ratio of the probing intensity to the driving intensity and the relative phase between the two fields. Under these optimized conditions with accessible strong driving intensity and low decay rate, strong magnon blockade gives rise to a stable single-magnon state with a high quality. It features a large brightness (the single-magnon probability) ${P}_{1}\ensuremath{\approx}0.40$ and a high purity (the equal-time second-order correlation function) ${g}^{(2)}(0)\ensuremath{\sim}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}$. The two indicators as a whole prevail over the existing results for photon, phonon, and magnon modes with respect to a stable single-quantum state. The optimized conditions with a scalable modification ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}}_{q}{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}}_{m}\ensuremath{\approx}N{J}^{2}$ apply to the situation when one focuses on any one of the NNN magnon modes that are simultaneously coupled to a common qubit.