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arXiv:2504.18573 · Quantum Reports

EPR Correlations Using Quaternion Spin

Bryan Sanctuary

Published Aug 13, 2024• 18 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

A statistical simulation is presented which reproduces the correlation obtained from EPR coincidence experiments without non-local connectivity. Defining spin under the quaternion group reveals hyper-helicity, a hitherto missed attribute of spin. Including this in the treatment, reveals two complementary properties: spin polarization and spin coherence. The former has a CHSH value of 2, and spin coherence has a CHSH = 1 giving CHSH = 3 for an EPR pair. The simulation here gives 2.995. We suggest that Nature has CHSH=3 being considerable more than predicted from quantum mechanics of $2\sqrt{2}$. There are no Local Hidden Variables. We suggest that quaternion spin is more fundamental than Dirac spin. A computer program which performs the simulation without non-local connectivity is described.

DOI
10.3390/quantum6030026

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A statistical simulation is presented which reproduces the correlation obtained from EPR coincidence experiments without non-local connectivity. Defining spin under the quaternion group reveals hyper-helicity, a hitherto missed attribute of spin. Including this in the treatment, reveals two complementary properties: spin polarization and spin coherence. The former has a CHSH value of 2, and spin coherence has a CHSH = 1 giving CHSH = 3 for an EPR pair. The simulation here gives 2.995. We suggest that Nature has CHSH=3 being considerable more than predicted from quantum mechanics of 222\sqrt{2}22​. There are no Local Hidden Variables. We suggest that quaternion spin is more fundamental than Dirac spin. A computer program which performs the simulation without non-local connectivity is described.
Abstract A statistical simulation is presented which reproduces the correlation obtained from EPR coincidence experiments without non-local connectivity. We suggest that spin carries two complementary properties. In addition to the spin polarization, we identify spin coherence. This spin attribute is anti-symmetric and generates the helicity. In addition this spin has structure formed from two orthogonal magnetic moments. From these, a resonance spin results from their coupling in free flight. Upon encountering a filter, the resonance spin 1 decouples back into two independent spins of ½, with one aligning with the filter and the other randomizing. The process of decoupling the resonance spin is responsible for the quantum correlation which results in the observe violation of Bell's Inequalities. The polarized states give a CHSH value of 2 while the resonance spin give a CHSH value of 1. Coherence can only be formulated by the existence of a bivector which gives a spin the same geometric structure as a photon. Although this work is not about Bell's theorem, we note that there are no hidden variables (HV). The only local variable is the angle that orients a spin on the Bloch sphere, first identified in the 1920's. The new features introduced are changing the spin symmetry from SU(2) to the quaternion group, Q8, and the introduction of a bivector into spin which leads to an element of reality which is anti-Hermitian. The calculations use standard spin algebra, and properties of quaternions. March 28, 2023
Under the quaternion group, Q8Q_8Q8​, spin helicity emerges as an element of reality, and complementary to spin polarization. Here we show that the correlation in EPR coincidence experiments is conserved upon separation from a singlet, being divided between polarization and coherence. Including helicity accounts for the violation of Bell's Inequalities without non-locality.
We extend our description of the electron’s quaternion spin (Q–spin) as a geometric rotor. This follows from incorporating both the symmetric polarization and the antisymmetric coherence into the theory. Polarization is observed only through the local process we call contextual instantiation. For an EPR pair the observed correlation is reconstructed statistically from the coincidence populations and follows from the scalar invariant of the quaternion rotor, yielding the observed correlation. Numerical simulations reproduce this correlation using only local detector events, and show the same data retain complementary polarization and coherence structure producing a lemniscate rotor portrait. Because spin observables are not jointly definable on a single Kolmogorov probability space, the CHSH quadruple cannot be formed and Bell’s theorem is therefore not applicable. The results provide a unified geometric description of spin, measurement, and Bell correlations, contributing to the foundations of quantum mechanics.
The traditional standard quantum mechanics (SQM) is unable to solve the spin-statistics problem, i.e. to justify the utterly important "Pauli exclusion principle". The present paper presents a simple and complete solution of the spin-statistics problem on the basis of the "conformal quantum geometrodynamics (CQG)", a theory that was found to reproduce successfully all relevant processes of the SQM based on Dirac's or Schrödinger's equations, including Heisenberg's uncertainty relations and non-local Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) correlations. When applied to a system made of many identical particles, an additional property of all elementary particles enters naturally into play: the "intrinsic helicity". This property, not considered in the SQM, determines the correct spin-statistics connection (SSC) observed in nature.
The traditional Standard Quantum Mechanics is unable to solve the Spin-Statistics problem, i.e. to justify the utterly important Pauli Exclusion Principle. We show that this is due to the non completeness of the standard theory due to an arguable conception of the spin as a vector characterizing the rotational properties of the elementary particles. The present Article presents a complete and straightforward solution of the Spin-Statistics problem on the basis of the Conformal Quantum Geometrodynamics, a theory that has been proved to reproduce successfully all relevant processes of the Standard Quantum Mechanics based on the Dirac or Schrödinger equations, including Heisenberg uncertainty relations and nonlocal EPR correlations. When applied to a system made of many identical particles, an additional property of all elementary particles enters naturally into play: the intrinsic helicity. This property determines the correct Spin-Statistics connection observed in Nature.