Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:2412.03926 · Laser & Photonics Review

Squeezing and Entanglement Dynamics in Phase‐Sensitive Non‐Hermitian Systems

Ruicong Huang, Wencong Wang, Yuyang Liang, Dongmei Liu, Min Gu

Published Aug 26, 2025• 0 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Abstract Over the past decade, parity‐time (PT) symmetry and anti‐PT (APT) symmetry in various physical systems have been extensively studied, leading to significant experimental and theoretical advancements. However, physical systems that simultaneously exhibit both PT and APT symmetry have not yet been explored. This study constructs a phase‐sensitive non‐Hermitian wave mixing model that inherently possesses single‐mode APT symmetry. By tuning the phase of the pump field, this model simultaneously exhibits two‐mode quadrature PT symmetry. Moreover, the APT phase transition is accompanied by the emergence of quantum entanglement from absence to presence. This remarkable quantum effect, quantum entanglement is surprisingly linked to APT symmetry phase transition, which distinguishes itself from classical physics. This work investigates the relationship between two‐mode quantum entanglement and the pump field phase, providing insights into the generation and evolution of entanglement in the nonlinear system. This provides a new perspective on quantum information processing.

DOI
10.1002/lpor.202500035

Related papers

Quantum Squeezing and Sensing with Pseudo-Anti-Parity-Time Symmetry

Xi-Wang Luo, Chuanwei Zhang, Shengwang Du

The emergence of parity-time (PT) symmetry has greatly enriched our study of symmetry-enabled non-Hermitian physics, but the realization of quantum PT symmetry faces an intrinsic issue of unavoidable symmetry-breaking Langevin noises. Here we construct a quantum pseudo-anti-PT (pseudo-APT) symmetry in a two-mode bosonic system without involving Langevin noises. We show that the spontaneous pseudo-APT symmetry breaking leads to an exceptional point, across which there is a transition between different types of quantum squeezing dynamics; i.e., the squeezing factor increases exponentially (oscillates periodically) with time in the pseudo-APT-symmetric (broken) region. Such dramatic changes of squeezing factors and quantum dynamics near the exceptional point are utilized for ultraprecision quantum sensing. These exotic quantum phenomena and sensing applications can be experimentally observed in two physical systems: spontaneous wave mixing nonlinear optics and atomic Bose-Einstein condensates. Our Letter offers a physical platform for investigating exciting APT symmetry physics in the quantum realm, paving the way for exploring fundamental quantum non-Hermitian effects and their quantum technological applications.

arXiv:2108.12873•Physical Review Letters•Apr 29, 2022•78 citations

Extended Abstract: Joint Parity-Time and Anti-Parity-Time-symmetric Qubits

Julia Cen, Avadh Saxena

We construct new types of two-level qubit systems through incorporating non-Hermiticity with joint Parity-Time and anti-Parity-Time symmetries and present a framework to analytically find the dynamics for such systems. As a result, observe improved properties of decoherence, von Neumann entanglement entropy and quantum Fisher information. This suggests that non-Hermitian PT and APT-symmetric qubits may be better suited for quantum computing and quantum information processing than conventional Hermitian qubits.

IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE)•Oct 1, 2021•1 citation

Non-Hermitian nonlinear optics without gain and loss

Yue Jiang, Yefeng Mei, Ying Zuo +3 more

Non-Hermitian optical systems with parity-time (PT) symmetry have recently revealed many intriguing prospects that outperform conservative structures. The prevous works are mostly rooted in complex arrangements with controlled gain-loss interplay. Here, we demonstrate anti-PT symmetry inherent in nonlinear optical interactions based upon forward optical four-wave mixing in a laser-cooled atomic ensemble with negligible linear gain and loss. We observe the pair of frequency modes undergo a nontrivial anti-PT phase transition between coherent power oscillation and optical parametric amplification in presence of a large phase mismatch.

•Jan 21, 2019•0 citations

Quadrature-PT symmetry: classical-to-quantum transition in noise fluctuations

Wencong Wang, Yanhua Zhai, Dongmei Liu +3 more

Abstract While gain-loss-coupled photonic platforms have achieved significant success in studying classical parity-time (PT) symmetry, they encounter challenges in demonstrating pure quantum effects due to incompatible operator transformations and Langevin noise. Here, we present compelling evidence that a non-Hermitian (NH) twin-beam system, undergoing phase-sensitive amplification and balanced loss, not only enables observing the usual eigenvalue-associated PT phase transition but also exhibits distinctive features absent in classical NH or traditional Hermitian quantum scenarios, encompassing quadrature PT symmetry, anomalous loss-induced quadrature squeezing, and classical-to-quantum (C2Q) transitions in noise fluctuations. Furthermore, our proposed bipartite open system promises optimal sensing for various quantum observable measurements, showcasing an improved signal-to-noise ratio and sensitivity, constrained by quantum Cramér–Rao bound or Fisher information. These findings deepen the comprehension of authentic quantum optical PT symmetry involving both gain and loss, addressing contentious issues and illuminating new facets of the subject.

arXiv:2301.05511•Quantum Science and Technology•Jan 24, 2025•7 citations

Anti-Parity-Time Symmetric Optical Four-Wave Mixing in Cold Atoms

Yue Jiang, Yefeng Mei, Ying Zuo +4 more

Non-Hermitian optical systems with parity-time (PT) symmetry have recently revealed many intriguing prospects that outperform conservative structures. The previous works are mostly rooted in complex arrangements with controlled gain-loss interplay. Here, we demonstrate anti-PT symmetry inherent in the nonlinear optical interaction based upon forward optical four-wave mixing in a laser-cooled atomic ensemble with negligible linear gain and loss. We observe that the pair of frequency modes undergo a nontrivial anti-PT phase transition between coherent power oscillation and optical parametric amplification in presence of a large phase mismatch.

arXiv:1901.06805•Physical Review Letters•Nov 8, 2019•123 citations

Entanglement dynamics of two non-Hermitian qubits

Yi-Xi Zhang, Zhen‐Tao Zhang, Xiao-Zhi Wei +3 more

Abstract The evolution of entanglement in a non-Hermitian quantum system may behave differently compared to its Hermitian counterpart. In this paper, we investigate the entanglement dynamics of two coupled and driven non-Hermitian qubits. Through calculating the concurrence of the system, we find that the evolution of the bipartite entanglement manifests two distinct patterns in the parameter space. In the low non-Hermiticity regime, the concurrence oscillates significantly, while in the opposite regime the same quantity would trend to a stable value. We attribute this phenomenon to parity-time ( PT ) symmetry phase transition. We also study the effect of decoherence on the entanglement dynamics. Our work provides a method to stabilize entanglement by exploiting non-Hermiticity.

arXiv:2308.16079•Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics•Mar 15, 2024•7 citations
Abstract Over the past decade, parity‐time (PT) symmetry and anti‐PT (APT) symmetry in various physical systems have been extensively studied, leading to significant experimental and theoretical advancements. However, physical systems that simultaneously exhibit both PT and APT symmetry have not yet been explored. This study constructs a phase‐sensitive non‐Hermitian wave mixing model that inherently possesses single‐mode APT symmetry. By tuning the phase of the pump field, this model simultaneously exhibits two‐mode quadrature PT symmetry. Moreover, the APT phase transition is accompanied by the emergence of quantum entanglement from absence to presence. This remarkable quantum effect, quantum entanglement is surprisingly linked to APT symmetry phase transition, which distinguishes itself from classical physics. This work investigates the relationship between two‐mode quantum entanglement and the pump field phase, providing insights into the generation and evolution of entanglement in the nonlinear system. This provides a new perspective on quantum information processing.
The emergence of parity-time (PT) symmetry has greatly enriched our study of symmetry-enabled non-Hermitian physics, but the realization of quantum PT symmetry faces an intrinsic issue of unavoidable symmetry-breaking Langevin noises. Here we construct a quantum pseudo-anti-PT (pseudo-APT) symmetry in a two-mode bosonic system without involving Langevin noises. We show that the spontaneous pseudo-APT symmetry breaking leads to an exceptional point, across which there is a transition between different types of quantum squeezing dynamics; i.e., the squeezing factor increases exponentially (oscillates periodically) with time in the pseudo-APT-symmetric (broken) region. Such dramatic changes of squeezing factors and quantum dynamics near the exceptional point are utilized for ultraprecision quantum sensing. These exotic quantum phenomena and sensing applications can be experimentally observed in two physical systems: spontaneous wave mixing nonlinear optics and atomic Bose-Einstein condensates. Our Letter offers a physical platform for investigating exciting APT symmetry physics in the quantum realm, paving the way for exploring fundamental quantum non-Hermitian effects and their quantum technological applications.
We construct new types of two-level qubit systems through incorporating non-Hermiticity with joint Parity-Time and anti-Parity-Time symmetries and present a framework to analytically find the dynamics for such systems. As a result, observe improved properties of decoherence, von Neumann entanglement entropy and quantum Fisher information. This suggests that non-Hermitian PT and APT-symmetric qubits may be better suited for quantum computing and quantum information processing than conventional Hermitian qubits.
Non-Hermitian optical systems with parity-time (PT) symmetry have recently revealed many intriguing prospects that outperform conservative structures. The prevous works are mostly rooted in complex arrangements with controlled gain-loss interplay. Here, we demonstrate anti-PT symmetry inherent in nonlinear optical interactions based upon forward optical four-wave mixing in a laser-cooled atomic ensemble with negligible linear gain and loss. We observe the pair of frequency modes undergo a nontrivial anti-PT phase transition between coherent power oscillation and optical parametric amplification in presence of a large phase mismatch.
Abstract While gain-loss-coupled photonic platforms have achieved significant success in studying classical parity-time (PT) symmetry, they encounter challenges in demonstrating pure quantum effects due to incompatible operator transformations and Langevin noise. Here, we present compelling evidence that a non-Hermitian (NH) twin-beam system, undergoing phase-sensitive amplification and balanced loss, not only enables observing the usual eigenvalue-associated PT phase transition but also exhibits distinctive features absent in classical NH or traditional Hermitian quantum scenarios, encompassing quadrature PT symmetry, anomalous loss-induced quadrature squeezing, and classical-to-quantum (C2Q) transitions in noise fluctuations. Furthermore, our proposed bipartite open system promises optimal sensing for various quantum observable measurements, showcasing an improved signal-to-noise ratio and sensitivity, constrained by quantum Cramér–Rao bound or Fisher information. These findings deepen the comprehension of authentic quantum optical PT symmetry involving both gain and loss, addressing contentious issues and illuminating new facets of the subject.
Non-Hermitian optical systems with parity-time (PT) symmetry have recently revealed many intriguing prospects that outperform conservative structures. The previous works are mostly rooted in complex arrangements with controlled gain-loss interplay. Here, we demonstrate anti-PT symmetry inherent in the nonlinear optical interaction based upon forward optical four-wave mixing in a laser-cooled atomic ensemble with negligible linear gain and loss. We observe that the pair of frequency modes undergo a nontrivial anti-PT phase transition between coherent power oscillation and optical parametric amplification in presence of a large phase mismatch.
Abstract The evolution of entanglement in a non-Hermitian quantum system may behave differently compared to its Hermitian counterpart. In this paper, we investigate the entanglement dynamics of two coupled and driven non-Hermitian qubits. Through calculating the concurrence of the system, we find that the evolution of the bipartite entanglement manifests two distinct patterns in the parameter space. In the low non-Hermiticity regime, the concurrence oscillates significantly, while in the opposite regime the same quantity would trend to a stable value. We attribute this phenomenon to parity-time ( PT ) symmetry phase transition. We also study the effect of decoherence on the entanglement dynamics. Our work provides a method to stabilize entanglement by exploiting non-Hermiticity.