Abstract We present a simple universal algorithm for high-dimensional integration which has the optimal error rate (independent of the dimension) in all weighted Korobov classes both in the randomized and the deterministic setting. Our theoretical findings are complemented by numerical tests.
High-dimensional integrals arise in a variety of areas, including quantum physics, the physics and chemistry of molecules, statistical mechanics and more recently, in financial applications. In order to approximate multidimensional integrals, one may use Monte Carlo methods in which the quadrature points are generated randomly or quasi-Monte Carlo methods, in which points are generated deterministically. One particular class of quasi-Monte Carlo methods for multivariate integration is represented by lattice rules. Lattice rules constructed throughout this thesis allow good approximations to integrals of functions belonging to certain weighted function spaces. These function spaces were proposed as an explanation as to why integrals in many variables appear to be successfully approximated although the standard theory indicates that the number of quadrature points required for reasonable accuracy would be astronomical because of the large number of variables. The purpose of this thesis is to contribute to theoretical results regarding the construction of lattice rules for multiple integration. We consider both lattice rules for integrals over the unit cube and lattice rules suitable for integrals over Euclidean space. The research reported throughout the thesis is devoted to finding the generating vector required to produce lattice rules that have what is termed a low weighted discrepancy . In simple terms, the discrepancy is a measure of the uniformity of the distribution of the quadrature points or in other settings, a worst-case error. One of the assumptions used in these weighted function spaces is that variables are arranged in the decreasing order of their importance and the assignment of weights in this situation results in so-called product weights . In other applications it is rather the importance of group of variables that matters. This situation is modelled by using function spaces in which the weights are general . In the weighted settings mentioned above, the quality of the lattice rules is assessed by the weighted discrepancy mentioned earlier. Under appropriate conditions on the weights, the lattice rules constructed here produce a convergence rate of the error that ranges from O(n−1/2) to the (believed) optimal O(n−1+δ) for any δ gt 0, with the involved constant independent of the dimension.
A randomised lattice rule algorithm with pre-determined generating vector and random number of points for Korobov spaces with 0<α≤1/2
In previous work (Kuo, Nuyens, Wilkes, 2023), we showed that a lattice rule with a pre-determined generating vector but random number of points can achieve the near optimal convergence of O(n−α−1/2+ε), ε>0, for the worst case expected error, commonly referred to as the randomised error, for numerical integration of high-dimensional functions in the Korobov space with smoothness α>1/2. Compared to the optimal deterministic rate of O(n−α+ε), ε>0, such a randomised algorithm is capable of an extra half in the rate of convergence. In this paper, we show that a pre-determined generating vector also exists in the case of 0<α≤1/2. Also here we obtain the near optimal convergence of O(n−α−1/2+ε), ε>0; or in more detail, we obtain O(rn−α−1/2+1/(2r)+ε′) which holds for any choices of ε′>0 and r∈N with r>1/(2α).
We study numerical integration for a weighted Korobov space of analytic periodic functions for which the Fourier coefficients decay exponentially fast. In particular, we are interested in how the error depends on the dimension d. Many recent papers deal with this problem or similar problems and provide matching necessary and sufficient conditions for various notions of tractability. In most cases even simple algorithms are known which allow to achieve these notions of tractability. However, there is a gap in the literature: while for the notion of exponential-weak tractability one knows matching necessary and sufficient conditions, so far no explicit algorithm has been known which yields the desired result. In this paper we close this gap and prove that Korobov lattice rules are suitable algorithms in order to achieve exponential-weak tractability for integration in weighted Korobov spaces of analytic periodic functions.