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arXiv:2411.04550 · Communications Physics

Entanglement properties of SU(2) gauge theory

Lukas Ebner, Berndt Müller, Andreas Schäfer A, Leonhard Schmotzer, Clemens Seidl, Xiaojun Yao

Published Sep 12, 2025• 6 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Abstract Understanding how isolated quantum systems thermalize is central to both fundamental physics and the development of quantum technologies. In this Perspective, we present recent and new results on thermalization in nonabelian gauge theory from exact real-time simulations of two-dimensional lattice models. We discuss tests of the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis, entanglement entropy dynamics, the absence of persistent non-thermal states, spectral signatures, and measures of quantum complexity. Our new results include a two-step thermalization process in localized regions and the role of higher gauge field representations. These findings suggest that thermalization in gauge theories may offer a test case for quantum advantage.

DOI
10.1038/s42005-025-02298-5

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