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arXiv:2410.16356 · Physical review. B./Physical review. B

Integrable and critical Haagerup spin chains

Luke Corcoran, Marius de Leeuw

Published Apr 16, 2025• 4 citations
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Abstract

We construct the first integrable models based on the Haagerup fusion category H 3 . We introduce a Haagerup version of the anyonic spin chain and use the boost operator formalism to identify two integrable Hamiltonians of PXP type on this chain. The first of these is an analog of the golden chain; it has a topological symmetry based on H 3 and satisfies the Temperley-Lieb algebra with parameter δ = ( 3 + 13 ) / 2 . We prove its integrability using a Lax formalism, and construct the corresponding solution to the Yang-Baxter equation. We present numerical evidence that this model is gapless with a dynamical critical exponent z ≠ 1 . The second integrable model we find breaks the topological symmetry. We present numerical evidence that this model reduces to a CFT in the large volume limit with central charge c ∼ 3 / 2 .

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.111.l140408

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We construct the first integrable models based on the Haagerup fusion category H 3 . We introduce a Haagerup version of the anyonic spin chain and use the boost operator formalism to identify two integrable Hamiltonians of PXP type on this chain. The first of these is an analog of the golden chain; it has a topological symmetry based on H 3 and satisfies the Temperley-Lieb algebra with parameter δ = ( 3 + 13 ) / 2 . We prove its integrability using a Lax formalism, and construct the corresponding solution to the Yang-Baxter equation. We present numerical evidence that this model is gapless with a dynamical critical exponent z ≠ 1 . The second integrable model we find breaks the topological symmetry. We present numerical evidence that this model reduces to a CFT in the large volume limit with central charge c ∼ 3 / 2 .
We review the notion of Yang-Baxter integrability for spin chains that have Hilbert spaces with constraints, such as a Rydberg blockade. We focus on anyonic chains, whose constraints arise from the fusion rules of the fusion categories on which they are based. We discuss the emergence of Temperley-Lieb algebras and present a new result on which types of anyonic chains exhibit them. We then give an overview of known results for integrable anyonic chains and extend them to several fusion categories up to rank 777. Using a modification of the boost operator formalism, we find several new integrable anyonic chains and discuss some of their properties. These include spin-32\frac3223​ models for su(2)k\mathfrak{su}(2)_ksu(2)k​ fusion categories, anyonic chains based on the Tambara-Yamagami fusion categories TY(Zn)(\mathbb{Z}_n)(Zn​), and product fusion categories Fib×\times×Fib and Fib×\times×Ising. We review recent results for spin chains based on the Haagerup-Izumi fusion category HI(Z3)(\mathbb{Z}_3)(Z3​), and present preliminary numerics for a HI(Z5)(\mathbb{Z}_5)(Z5​) model.
In this paper, we review the notion of Yang–Baxter integrability for spin chains that have Hilbert spaces with constraints, such as a Rydberg blockade. We focus on anyonic chains, whose constraints arise from the fusion rules of the fusion categories on which they are based. We discuss the emergence of Temperley–Lieb algebras and present a new result on which types of anyonic chains exhibit them. We then give an overview of known results for integrable anyonic chains and extend them to several fusion categories up to rank [Formula: see text]. By using a modification of the boost operator formalism, we find several new integrable anyonic chains and discuss some of their properties. These include spin-[Formula: see text] models for [Formula: see text] fusion categories, anyonic chains based on the Tambara–Yamagami fusion categories TY[Formula: see text] and product fusion categories Fib[Formula: see text]Fib and Fib[Formula: see text]Ising. We review recent results for spin chains based on the Haagerup–Izumi fusion category HI[Formula: see text] and present preliminary numerics for a HI[Formula: see text] model.
A bstract We show that every fusion category containing a non-invertible, self-dual object a gives rise to an integrable anyonic chain whose Hamiltonian density satisfies the Temperley-Lieb algebra. This spin chain arises by considering the projection onto the identity channel in the fusion process a ⨂ a . We relate these models to Pasquier’s construction of ADE lattice models. We then exploit the underlying Temperley-Lieb structure to discuss the spectrum of these models and argue that these models are gapped when the quantum dimension of a is greater than 2. We show that for fusion categories where the dimension is close to 2, such as the Fib×Fib and Haagerup fusion categories, the finite size effects are large and they can obscure the numerical analysis of the gap.
We discuss generalizations of quantum spin Hamiltonians using anyonic degrees of freedom. The simplest model for interacting anyons energetically favors neighboring anyons to fuse into the trivial ("identity") channel, similar to the quantum Heisenberg model favoring neighboring spins to form spin singlets. Numerical simulations of a chain of Fibonacci anyons show that the model is critical with a dynamical critical exponent z=1, and described by a two-dimensional (2D) conformal field theory with central charge c=7/10. An exact mapping of the anyonic chain onto the 2D tricritical Ising model is given using the restricted-solid-on-solid representation of the Temperley-Lieb algebra. The gaplessness of the chain is shown to have topological origin.
We numerically study an anyon chain based on the Haagerup fusion category and find evidence that it leads in the long-distance limit to a conformal field theory whose central charge is ∼2. Fusion categories generalize the concept of finite group symmetries to noninvertible symmetry operations, and the Haagerup fusion category is the simplest one which comes from neither finite groups nor affine Lie algebras. As such, ours is the first example of conformal field theories which have truly exotic generalized symmetries. Basically the same result was independently obtained in the preceding Letter [Phys. Rev. Lett. 128, 231602 (2022)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.128.231602].
Abstract We study two families of quantum models which have been used previously to investigate the effect of topological symmetries in one-dimensional correlated matter. Various striking similarities are observed between certain Z n quantum clock models, spin chains generalizing the Ising model, and chains of non-Abelian anyons constructed from the so ( n ) 2 fusion category for odd n , both subject to periodic boundary conditions. In spite of the differences between these two types of quantum chains, e.g. their Hilbert spaces being spanned by tensor products of local spin states or fusion paths of anyons, the symmetries of the lattice models are shown to be closely related. Furthermore, under a suitable mapping between the parameters describing the interaction between spins and anyons the respective Hamiltonians share part of their energy spectrum (although their degeneracies may differ). This spin-anyon correspondence can be extended by fine-tuning of the coupling constants leading to exactly solvable models. We show that the algebraic structures underlying the integrability of the clock models and the anyon chain are the same. For n = 3,5,7 we perform an extensive finite size study—both numerical and based on the exact solution—of these models to map out their ground state phase diagram and to identify the effective field theories describing their low energy behaviour. We observe that the continuum limit at the integrable points can be described by rational conformal field theories with extended symmetry algebras which can be related to the discrete ones of the lattice models.