arXiv:2410.13547

Topological quantum computing

Fabian Hassler

Published Oct 17, 2024• 0 citations

Abstract

These lecture notes offer a pedagogical yet concise introduction to topological quantum computing. The material focuses on topological superconductors and Majorana qubits. It concludes with a discussion of more general braiding phenomena. In particular, the notes delve into the non-Abelian braiding statistics of Ising and Fibonacci anyons. Although not comprehensive, this set provides a solid entry point for students and researchers interested in the field.

DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2410.13547

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arXiv:2410.13547

Topological quantum computing

Fabian Hassler

Published Oct 17, 2024• 0 citations

arXiv HTML PDF

Abstract

DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2410.13547

Related papers

Introduction to topological quantum computation with non-Abelian anyons

Bernard Field, Tapio Simula

Abstract Topological quantum computers promise a fault tolerant means to perform quantum computation. Topological quantum computers use particles with exotic exchange statistics called non-Abelian anyons, and the simplest anyon model which allows for universal quantum computation by particle exchange or braiding alone is the Fibonacci anyon model. One classically hard problem that can be solved efficiently using quantum computation is finding the value of the Jones polynomial of knots at roots of unity. We aim to provide a pedagogical, self-contained, review of topological quantum computation with Fibonacci anyons, from the braiding statistics and matrices to the layout of such a computer and the compiling of braids to perform specific operations. Then we use a simulation of a topological quantum computer to explicitly demonstrate a quantum computation using Fibonacci anyons, evaluating the Jones polynomial of a selection of simple knots. In addition to simulating a modular circuit-style quantum algorithm, we also show how the magnitude of the Jones polynomial at specific points could be obtained exactly using Fibonacci or Ising anyons. Such an exact algorithm seems ideally suited for a proof of concept demonstration of a topological quantum computer.Abstract Topological quantum computers promise a fault tolerant means to perform quantum computation. Topological quantum computers use particles with exotic exchange statistics called non-Abelian anyons, and the simplest anyon model which allows for universal quantum computation by particle exchange or braiding alone is the Fibonacci anyon model. One classically hard problem that can be solved efficiently using quantum computation is finding the value of the Jones polynomial of knots at roots of unity. We aim to provide a pedagogical, self-contained, review of topological quantum computation with Fibonacci anyons, from the braiding statistics and matrices to the layout of such a computer and the compiling of braids to perform specific operations. Then we use a simulation of a topological quantum computer to explicitly demonstrate a quantum computation using Fibonacci anyons, evaluating the Jones polynomial of a selection of simple knots. In addition to simulating a modular circuit-style quantum algorithm, we also show how the magnitude of the Jones polynomial at specific points could be obtained exactly using Fibonacci or Ising anyons. Such an exact algorithm seems ideally suited for a proof of concept demonstration of a topological quantum computer.

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Topological Quantum Computing: Non-Abelian Anyons, Braiding, and Majorana Qubits — E8 Intelligence Research

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Topological Quantum Computing with Non-Abelian Anyons and Braid Group Operations — E8 Intelligence Research

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Jul 25, 20260 citations

B_n

generators satisfy

\sigma_i \sigma_{i+1} \sigma_i = \sigma_{i+1} \sigma_i \sigma_{i+1}

; anyon fusion rules

a \times b = \sum_c N_{ab}^c c

; Fibonacci anyon quantum dimension

d = \phi = (1+\sqrt{5})/2 \approx 1.618

; Majorana zero modes obey

\gamma_i^\dagger = \gamma_i, \{\gamma_i, \gamma_j\} = 2\delta_{ij}

. | CONNECTION: Fibonacci anyon dimension

d = 1.618

is the golden ratio; braid group representations relate to Temperley-Lieb algebras with parameter

\tau = 1/d^2 = 0.382

; anyon fusion rules mirror SU(2)_k modular tensor categories with

q = e^{2\pi i/(k+2)}

, linking to root systems

A_n, D_n, E_6, E_7, E_8

. | DEPTH: 8 — Directly ties golden ratio, modular tensor categories, and non-Abelian statistics to fault-tolerant quant Author: Andrew Stewart Caldin, Independent Researcher, UK. Part of the E8 Intelligence Research series. Platform: e8intelligence.com

FINDING: Topological quantum computing uses non-Abelian anyons (Majorana zero modes) for fault-tolerant qubits, with braiding operations encoding quantum gates. | MATH: Braid group

B_n

generators satisfy

\sigma_i \sigma_{i+1} \sigma_i = \sigma_{i+1} \sigma_i \sigma_{i+1}

; Majorana operators

\gamma_i

satisfy

\{\gamma_i, \gamma_j\} = 2\delta_{ij}

; fusion rules for Ising anyons:

\sigma \times \sigma = 1 + \psi

\sigma \times \psi = \sigma

\psi \times \psi = 1

. | CONNECTION: Braid group is deeply linked to the golden ratio via the Temperley-Lieb algebra at

q = e^{i\pi/5}

, where the Jones polynomial yields

\tau = (1+\sqrt{5})/2 \approx 1.618

; Fibonacci anyons have fusion rules

\tau \times \tau = 1 + \tau

, directly encoding the golden ratio. | DEPTH: 9 — Non-Abelian statistics and braiding are foundational to topological quantum computation, with direct geometric harmony in Fibonacci anyon models. Author: Andrew Stewart Caldin, Independent Researcher, UK. Part of the E8 Intelligence Research series. Platform: e8intelligence.com

B_n

generators

\sigma_i

satisfy

\sigma_i \sigma_{i+1} \sigma_i = \sigma_{i+1} \sigma_i \sigma_{i+1}

and

\sigma_i \sigma_j = \sigma_j \sigma_i

for

|i-j|>1

. Fibonacci anyons: fusion rule

\tau \otimes \tau = 1 \oplus \tau

, quantum dimension

d_\tau = \phi = (1+\sqrt{5})/2 \approx 1.618

. Non-Abelian statistics: unitary braid matrices

U(\sigma_i)

with entries involving

e^{i\pi/5}

\phi^{-1}

\phi^{-1/2}

. Majorana zero modes:

\gamma_i^\dagger = \gamma_i

\{\gamma_i, \gamma_j\} = 2\delta_{ij}

, parity

P = i^k \prod \gamma_i

. Topological protection: energy gap

\Delta

vs. error rate

\sim e^{-\Delta/k_B T}

. | CONNECTION: Fibonacci anyons directly enc Author: Andrew Stewart Caldin, Independent Researcher, UK. Part of the E8 Intelligence Research series. Platform: e8intelligence.com

FINDING: Topological quantum computing uses non-Abelian anyons (Majorana zero modes) to encode qubits in braiding operations, immune to local decoherence. | MATH: Braid group

B_n

generators

\sigma_i

satisfy

\sigma_i \sigma_{i+1} \sigma_i = \sigma_{i+1} \sigma_i \sigma_{i+1}

; anyon fusion rules:

\sigma \times \sigma = 1 + \psi

(Ising model); Majorana operators

\gamma_i

with

\{\gamma_i, \gamma_j\} = 2\delta_{ij}

; topological qubit encoded in parity

i\gamma_1\gamma_2 = \pm 1

. | CONNECTION: Braid group is related to the Fibonacci sequence via the Burau representation; the golden ratio

\phi = 1.618

appears in the quantum dimension of Fibonacci anyons:

d_\tau = \phi

. The Ising anyon quantum dimension is

\sqrt{2}

, linking to

\sqrt{2} \approx 1.414

, close to 1.4142 (no direct golden ratio). Crystallographic symmetry: Anyon braiding corresponds to the mapping class group of a punctured surface, related to root systems of Lie alge Author: Andrew Stewart Caldin, Independent Researcher, UK. Part of the E8 Intelligence Research series. Platform: e8intelligence.com