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arXiv:2410.10208

Floquet Engineering of Anisotropic Transverse Interactions in Superconducting Qubits

Yongqi Liang, Wenhui Huang, Libo Zhang, Tao, Ziyu, Tang, Kai, Chu Ji, Jiawei Qiu, Xuandong Sun, Yuxuan Zhou, Jiawei Zhang, Jiajian Zhang, Weijie Guo, Liu, Yang, Yuanzhen Chen, Song Liu, Youpeng Zhong, Jingjing Niu, Dapeng Yu

Published Oct 14, 2024• 0 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Superconducting transmon qubits have established as a leading candidate for quantum computation, as well as a flexible platform for exploring exotic quantum phases and dynamics. However, physical coupling naturally yields isotropic transverse interactions between qubits, restricting their access to diverse quantum phases that require spatially dependent interactions. Here, we demonstrate the simultaneous realization of both pairing (XX-YY) and hopping (XX+YY) interactions between transmon qubits by Floquet engineering. The coherent superposition of these interactions enables independent control over the XX and YY terms, yielding anisotropic transverse interactions. By aligning the transverse interactions along a 1D chain of six qubits, as calibrated via Aharonov-Bohm interference in synthetic space, we synthesize a transverse field Ising chain model and explore its dynamical phase transition under varying external field. The scalable synthesis of anisotropic transverse interactions paves the way for the implementation of more complex physical systems requiring spatially dependent interactions, enriching the toolbox for engineering quantum phases with superconducting qubits.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.2410.10208

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Superconducting transmon qubits have established as a leading candidate for quantum computation, as well as a flexible platform for exploring exotic quantum phases and dynamics. However, physical coupling naturally yields isotropic transverse interactions between qubits, restricting their access to diverse quantum phases that require spatially dependent interactions. Here, we demonstrate the simultaneous realization of both pairing (XX-YY) and hopping (XX+YY) interactions between transmon qubits by Floquet engineering. The coherent superposition of these interactions enables independent control over the XX and YY terms, yielding anisotropic transverse interactions. By aligning the transverse interactions along a 1D chain of six qubits, as calibrated via Aharonov-Bohm interference in synthetic space, we synthesize a transverse field Ising chain model and explore its dynamical phase transition under varying external field. The scalable synthesis of anisotropic transverse interactions paves the way for the implementation of more complex physical systems requiring spatially dependent interactions, enriching the toolbox for engineering quantum phases with superconducting qubits.
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We report the experimental realization of strong longitudinal (ZZ) coupling between two superconducting transmon qubits achieved solely through capacitive engineering. By systematically varying the qubit frequency detuning, we measure cross-Kerr inter-qubit interaction strengths ranging from 10 MHz up to 350 MHz, more than an order of magnitude larger than previously observed in similar capacitively coupled systems. In this configuration, the qubits enter a strong-interaction regime in which the excitation of one qubit inhibits that of its neighbor, demonstrating a dynamical blockade mediated entirely by the engineered ZZ coupling. Circuit quantization simulations accurately reproduce the experimental results, while perturbative models confirm the theoretical origin of the energy shift as a hybridization between the computational states and higher-excitation manifolds. We establish a robust and scalable method to access interaction-dominated physics in superconducting circuits, providing a pathway towards solid-state implementations of globally controlled quantum architectures and cooperative many-body dynamics.
Quantum simulation has emerged as a powerful framework for investigating complex many-body phenomena. A key requirement for emulating these dynamics is the realization of fully controllable quantum systems enabling various spin interactions. Yet, quantum simulators remain constrained in the types of attainable interactions. Here we demonstrate experimental realization of multiple microwave-engineered spin interactions in superconducting quantum circuits. By precisely controlling the native XY interaction and microwave drives, we achieve tunable spin Hamiltonians, including (i) XYZ spin models with continuously adjustable parameters, (ii) transverse-field Ising models, and (iii) Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interacting systems. Our work expands the toolbox for analog-digital quantum simulation, paving the way for exploring a wide range of exotic quantum spin models.
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Superconducting circuits are an excellent platform for quantum simulation, with various protocols enacted using highly coherent transmon qubits in a digital (gate-based) approach. Analog simulations with transmons, though, are typically limited by restrictive intercircuit coupling. The authors propose an alternative strategy based on periodic modulation of an effective magnetic field, enabling a Floquet description of the system. This allows one to modify the existing two-qubit interaction and the effective spin Hamiltonian, without modifying the setup. Detailed analysis shows this Floquet-type simulator to be quite advantageous, outperforming state-of-the-art digital approaches.