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arXiv:2410.05505 · Physics of Particles and Nuclei

Long-Time Behavior of Multi-Level Open Systems Interacting with Non-Vacuum Reservoirs

Alexander Evgen’evich Teretenkov

Published Aug 1, 2025• 1 citation
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Abstract

Abstract The model of multi-level open quantum system interacting with a non-vacuum reservoir in the rotating wave approximation is considered. We provide an exact integral representation for the reduced density matrix of the system. For identical uncorrelated reservoirs in diagonal states we have obtained the first perturbative correction for such dynamics in the Bogolubov–van Hove limit. We have shown that after initial state renormalization it can be completely described in terms of finite-dimensional semigroup. The method we provide can also be applied to the further orders of perturbation theory with Bogolubov–van Hove scaling.

DOI
10.1134/s1063779625700121

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Abstract The model of multi-level open quantum system interacting with a non-vacuum reservoir in the rotating wave approximation is considered. We provide an exact integral representation for the reduced density matrix of the system. For identical uncorrelated reservoirs in diagonal states we have obtained the first perturbative correction for such dynamics in the Bogolubov–van Hove limit. We have shown that after initial state renormalization it can be completely described in terms of finite-dimensional semigroup. The method we provide can also be applied to the further orders of perturbation theory with Bogolubov–van Hove scaling.
The model of multi-level open quantum system interacting with a non-vacuum reservoir in the rotating wave approximation is considered. We provide an exact integral representation for the reduced density matrix of the system. For identical uncorrelated reservoirs in diagonal states we have obtained the first perturbative correction for such dynamics in the Bogolubov – van Hove limit. We have shown that after initial state renormalization it can be completely described in terms of finite-dimensional semigroup. The method we provide can also be applied to the further orders of perturbation theory with Bogolubov – van Hove scaling.
For the model of a multi-level system in the rotating wave approximation we obtain the corrections for a usual weak coupling limit dynamics by means of perturbation theory with Bogolubov-van Hove scaling. It generalizes our previous results on a spin-boson model in the rotating wave approximation. Additionally, in this work we take into account some dependence of the system Hamiltonian on the small parameter. We show that the dynamics is long-time Markovian, i.e. after the bath correlation time all the non-Markovianity could be captured by the renormalization of initial condition and correlation functions.
Abstract We study the perturbative corrections to the Gorini–Kossakowski–Sudarshan–Lindblad (GKSL) equation which arises in the weak coupling limit. The spin-boson model in the rotating wave approximation at zero temperature is considered. We show that the perturbative part of the density matrix satisfies the time-independent GKSL equation for arbitrary order of the perturbation theory (if all the moments of the reservoir correlation function are finite). But to reproduce the right asymptotic precision at long times, one should use an initial condition different from the one for exact dynamics. Moreover, we show that the initial condition for this master equation even fails to be a density matrix under certain resonance conditions.
Abstract In this work we consider the master equations for composite open quantum systems. We provide purely algebraic formulae for terms of perturbation series defining such equations. We also give conditions under which the Bogolubov–van Hove limit exists and discuss some corrections to this limit. We present an example to illustrate our results. In particular, this example shows, that inhomogeneous terms in time-convolutionless master equations can vanish after reservoir correlation time, but lead to renormalization of initial conditions at such a timescale.
Exact and approximate master equations were derived by the projection operator method for the reduced statistical operator of a multi-level quantum system with finite number N of quantum eigenstates interacting with arbitrary external classical fields and dissipative environment simultaneously. It was shown that the structure of these equations can be simplified significantly if the free Hamiltonian driven dynamics of an arbitrary quantum multi-level system under the influence of the external driving fields as well as its Markovian and non-Markovian evolution, stipulated by the interaction with the environment, are described in terms of the SU(N) algebra representation. As a consequence, efficient numerical methods can be developed and employed to analyze these master equations for real problems in various fields of theoretical and applied physics. It was also shown that literally the same master equations hold not only for the reduced density operator but also for arbitrary nonequilibrium multi-time correlation functions as well under the only assumption that the system and the environment are uncorrelated at some initial moment of time. A calculational scheme was proposed to account for these lost correlations in a regular perturbative way, thus providing additional computable terms to the correspondent master equations for the correlation functions.
We consider a two-level system, , coupled to a general n level system, , via a random matrix. We derive an integral representation for the mean reduced density matrix ρ( t ) of in the limit n → ∞, and we identify a model of which possesses some of the properties expected for macroscopic thermal reservoirs. In particular, it yields the Gibbs form for ρ(∞). We also consider an analog of the van Hove limit and obtain a master equation (Markov dynamics) for the evolution of ρ( t ) on an appropriate time scale.