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arXiv:2410.00618

Nonlinearity-assisted advantage for charger-supported open quantum batteries

Aparajita Bhattacharyya, Dongre, Pratha, Ujjwal Sen

Published Oct 1, 2024• 0 citations
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Abstract

We analyze the performance of a quantum battery in terms of energy storage and energy extraction, assisted by nonlinearities in a charger-battery system utilizing an open-system approach. In particular, we consider two types of nonlinearities in the system, viz. nonlinearity in the coupling between battery and charger, and the charger itself comprising an anharmonic oscillator. In both these scenarios, the charger is connected to an environment, and is driven by an external laser source. We derive the Markovian master equation for the dynamics of the combined charger-battery system in presence of the environment. When the charger is non-linearly coupled to a battery, we find an enhancement in the steady state ergotropy over the linearly-coupled case. We further see that the times at which steady state and maximum ergotopies are attained get decreased in presence of non-linear coupling. We also identify instances where no ergotropy is obtained in the linear case, but can be obtained in presence of any non-zero value of nonlinearity. We additionally find a complementarity between the non-linear interaction strength and the coherent-drive strength in the steady-state ergotropy values, i.e. the same ergotropy as that obtained using weak nonlinearity and strong coherent drive can be obtained utilizing an opposite order of their values. In case when the charger is modeled as a multi-level transmon with an inherent anharmonicity, we find an advantage in maximum ergotropy values over the harmonic instance. Unlike the non-linearly coupled batteries, the ones mediated by an anharmonic charger prove to be useful in the transient regime. We also determine values of the coherent drive for which the anharmonic battery is beneficial over the harmonic one at all timescales. Further, we observe a distinct region of the anharmonic strength and coherent drive where ergotropy values reach their maxima.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.2410.00618

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Charger-mediated quantum batteries offer promising opportunities for efficient energy transfer and storage at the quantum level, with potential advantages beyond their classical counterparts. Here, we theoretically demonstrate that nonlinear charger-battery interactions can substantially accelerate the charging of quantum batteries. In the weak-driving regime, sufficiently strong nonlinear coupling can dominate over the effect of dephasing and significantly reduce the charging time. In the strong- and optimal-driving regimes, where the optimal driving strength maximizes the steady-state ergotropy in the linear-coupling regime, nonlinear coupling gives rise to a new optimum in the charging time beyond that of the linear-coupling regime, accompanied by nearly critically damped dynamics. Remarkably, even in the absence of external driving, nonlinear coupling alone can substantially reduce the charging time, providing an alternative route toward fast battery charging. Our results establish nonlinear charger-battery coupling as an effective resource for accelerating quantum-battery charging and broaden the scope of interaction-enabled quantum advantages in energy transfer and storage.
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