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arXiv:2409.08545 · Physical Review A

Simulating a quasiparticle on a quantum device

Rimika Jaiswal, Izabella Lovas, Leon Balents

Published Jan 29, 2025• 5 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We propose a variational approach to explore quasiparticle excitations in interacting quantum many-body systems, motivated by the potential in leveraging near-term noisy intermediate scale quantum devices for quantum-state preparation. By exploiting translation invariance and potentially other Abelian symmetries of the many-body Hamiltonian, we extend the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) approach to construct spatially localized quasiparticle states that encode information on the whole excited band, allowing us to achieve quantum parallelism. We benchmark the proposed algorithm via numerical simulations performed on the one-dimension transverse field Ising chain. Our numerical results demonstrate that VQE can capture both the magnon quasiparticles of the paramagnetic phase, and the topologically nontrivial domain wall excitations in the ferromagnetic regime. We argue that the localized quasiparticle states constructed with VQE contain accessible information on the full band of quasiparticles, and provide valuable insight into the way interactions renormalize the bare spin flip or domain wall excitations of the simple, trivially solvable limits of the model. These results serve as important theoretical input towards utilizing quantum simulators to directly access the quasiparticles of strongly interacting quantum systems, as well as to gain insight into crucial experimentally measured properties directly determined by the nature of these quasiparticles.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.111.012629

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We propose a variational approach to explore quasiparticle excitations in interacting quantum many-body systems, motivated by the potential in leveraging near-term noisy intermediate scale quantum devices for quantum-state preparation. By exploiting translation invariance and potentially other Abelian symmetries of the many-body Hamiltonian, we extend the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) approach to construct spatially localized quasiparticle states that encode information on the whole excited band, allowing us to achieve quantum parallelism. We benchmark the proposed algorithm via numerical simulations performed on the one-dimension transverse field Ising chain. Our numerical results demonstrate that VQE can capture both the magnon quasiparticles of the paramagnetic phase, and the topologically nontrivial domain wall excitations in the ferromagnetic regime. We argue that the localized quasiparticle states constructed with VQE contain accessible information on the full band of quasiparticles, and provide valuable insight into the way interactions renormalize the bare spin flip or domain wall excitations of the simple, trivially solvable limits of the model. These results serve as important theoretical input towards utilizing quantum simulators to directly access the quasiparticles of strongly interacting quantum systems, as well as to gain insight into crucial experimentally measured properties directly determined by the nature of these quasiparticles.
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