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arXiv:2409.05000 · Advanced Quantum Technologies

Magnetic Dipolar Quantum Battery with Spin‐Orbit Coupling

Asad Ali, Samira Elghaayda, Saif M. Al-Kuwari, Mahmood Irtiza Hussain, M. T. Rahim, Hashir Kuniyil, Tim Byrnes, James Q. Quach, Mostafa Mansour, Saeed Haddadi

Published Oct 23, 2025• 6 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Abstract A magnetic dipolar system is investigated, influenced by the ‐component of Zeeman splitting, Dzyaloshinsky–Moriya (DM) interaction, and Kaplan–Shekhtman–Entin‐Wohlman–Aharony (KSEA) exchange interaction, with emphasis on the role of quantum resources in both closed and open settings. By analyzing the Gibbs thermal state and solving the Lindblad master equation, the behavior of quantum coherence, discord, and entanglement is studied under thermal equilibrium and dephasing noise. After exploring these resources, the model is applied to a closed quantum battery (QB). These results show that while Zeeman splitting degrades quantum resources in noisy and thermal regimes, it enhances QB performance by improving ergotropy, anti‐ergotropy, storage capacity, and coherence during cyclic charging. The axial parameter further amplifies performance, leading to coherence saturation and persistent ergotropy growth, in line with the notion of incoherent ergotropy. KSEA interaction and the rhombic term consistently preserve coherence and entanglement under noise, thereby strengthening QB functionality. DM interaction mitigates thermal degradation of resources in the Gibbs state and improves performance, though its effect is limited under Pauli‐ dephasing. Diverse behaviors are revealed, including increased ergotropy without coherence and the coexistence of coherence with zero extractable work. Finally, the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is proposed as a feasible platform for experimental implementation.

DOI
10.1002/qute.202500361

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Abstract A magnetic dipolar system is investigated, influenced by the ‐component of Zeeman splitting, Dzyaloshinsky–Moriya (DM) interaction, and Kaplan–Shekhtman–Entin‐Wohlman–Aharony (KSEA) exchange interaction, with emphasis on the role of quantum resources in both closed and open settings. By analyzing the Gibbs thermal state and solving the Lindblad master equation, the behavior of quantum coherence, discord, and entanglement is studied under thermal equilibrium and dephasing noise. After exploring these resources, the model is applied to a closed quantum battery (QB). These results show that while Zeeman splitting degrades quantum resources in noisy and thermal regimes, it enhances QB performance by improving ergotropy, anti‐ergotropy, storage capacity, and coherence during cyclic charging. The axial parameter further amplifies performance, leading to coherence saturation and persistent ergotropy growth, in line with the notion of incoherent ergotropy. KSEA interaction and the rhombic term consistently preserve coherence and entanglement under noise, thereby strengthening QB functionality. DM interaction mitigates thermal degradation of resources in the Gibbs state and improves performance, though its effect is limited under Pauli‐ dephasing. Diverse behaviors are revealed, including increased ergotropy without coherence and the coexistence of coherence with zero extractable work. Finally, the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is proposed as a feasible platform for experimental implementation.
Abstract This study explores the energy storage dynamics of a quantum battery (QB) modeled using a dipolar spin system with Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya (DM) interaction. We examine the performance of this system in terms of ergotropy, instantaneous power, capacity, and quantum coherence using a two-qubit model. By solving the system’s time evolution under cyclic unitary processes, we analyze how external parameters such as temperature, magnetic field, and DM interaction influence the charging behavior and quantum resources of the battery. The findings demonstrate that quantum coherence and DM interaction significantly enhance the energy storage efficiency and power output of the quantum battery, offering promising strategies for designing high-performance quantum energy storage devices. Furthermore, we investigate the performance of quantum battery under the influence of a common dephasing environment, which limits the long-term work-extraction capability of dipolar quantum batteries.
This study examines the performance of finite spin quantum batteries (QBs) using Heisenberg XX,XY,XXZXX, XY, XXZXX,XY,XXZ, and XYZXYZXYZ spin models with Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya (DM) and Kaplan--Shekhtman--Entin-Wohlman--Aharony (KSEA) interactions. The QBs are modeled as interacting quantum spins in local inhomogeneous magnetic fields, inducing variable Zeeman splitting. We derive analytical expressions for the maximal extractable work, ergotropy and the capacity of QBs, as recently examined by Yang et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 131, 030402 (2023)]. These quantities are analytically linked through certain quantum correlations, as posited in the aforementioned study. Different Heisenberg spin-chain models exhibit distinct behaviors under varying conditions, emphasizing the importance of model selection for optimizing QB performance. In antiferromagnetic (AFM) systems, maximum ergotropy occurs with a Zeeman splitting field applied to either spin, while ferromagnetic (FM) systems benefit from a uniform Zeeman field. Temperature significantly impacts QB performance such that ergotropy in the AFM case is generally more robust against increasing temperature compared to the FM case. Incorporating DM and KSEA couplings can significantly enhance the capacity and ergotropy extraction of QBs. However, there exists a threshold beyond which additional increases in these interactions cause a sharp decline in capacity and ergotropy. This behavior is influenced by temperature and quantum coherence, which signal the occurrence of a sudden phase transition. The resource theory of quantum coherence proposed by Baumgratz et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 140401 (2014)] plays a crucial role in enhancing ergotropy and capacity. However, ergotropy is limited by both the system's capacity and the amount of coherence. These findings support the theoretical framework of spin-based QBs and may benefit future research on quantum energy storage devices.
This study explores the energy storage dynamics of a quantum battery (QB) modeled using a dipolar spin system with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction. We examine the performance of this system in terms of ergotropy, instantaneous power, capacity, and quantum coherence using a two-qubit model. By solving the system's time evolution under cyclic unitary processes, we analyze how external parameters such as temperature, magnetic field, and DM interaction influence the charging behavior and quantum resources of the battery. The findings demonstrate that quantum coherence and DM interaction significantly enhance the energy storage efficiency and power output of the quantum battery, offering promising strategies for designing high-performance quantum energy storage devices. Furthermore, we investigate the performance of quantum battery under the influence of a common dephasing environment, which limits the long-term work-extraction capability of dipolar quantum batteries.
The connection between quantum entanglement and quantum refrigerators is an active area in quantum thermodynamics. Ongoing investigations are exploring how entanglement in the working medium of a quantum refrigerator can impact its performance. The paper focuses on a two-qubit Heisenberg XXZ spin-[Formula: see text] system featuring Kaplan–Shekhtman–Entin-Wohlman–Aharony (KSEA) and Dzyaloshinsky–Moriya (DM) spin–orbit exchange interactions as the operational physical matter medium for a quantum refrigerator. We provide explicit formulations for relevant thermodynamic quantities of the quantum refrigerator, dependent on the magnetic field (B) and the strengths parameters of spin–orbit interactions. The study explores the relationship between entanglement and thermodynamic properties, using concurrence as a quantitative metric of thermal entanglement. The results emphasize the significant impact of fine-tuning the amplitudes of both DM and [Formula: see text] strengths on improving the quantum refrigerator’s performance. Finally, the findings suggest that entanglement between the qubits is superfluous for enhancing the quantum refrigerator’s efficiency.
Abstract Quantum batteries utilize quantum effects to enhance energy storage and work extraction quantified by ergotropy. However, degradation of stored energy due to environmental noise remains a key limitation. For a single qubit, we show that repeated amplitude damping and bit-flip noises lead to ergotropy loss, while repeated phase-flip noise permits partial preservation of work. Extending this protocol to a two-qubit Heisenberg XYZ system with Dzyaloshinsky–Moriya interaction (DMI), we find that strong DMI widens the energy gap and stabilizes chiral correlations. Therefore, ergotropy persists in DMI-dominated regimes for coherent initial states, demonstrating that chiral spin interactions serve as a microscopic resource for noise-resilient quantum batteries.
We propose and analyze a hybrid qubit-qutrit quantum battery (QB) based on a mixed spin-1/2 and spin-1 system interacting via an anisotropic Heisenberg exchange coupling in the presence of a homogeneous magnetic field. The nonclassical properties of the system are characterized using the l1-norm of coherence and negativity, which quantify quantum coherence and entanglement, respectively. The performance of the quantum battery is evaluated through key indicators such as ergotropy, power, and capacity. Our results reveal that both ergotropy and power exhibit oscillatory dynamics, while the capacity remains constant over time. We further investigate the influence of system parameters and magnetic field strength on both quantum correlations and battery performance, demonstrating that nonclassicality plays a crucial role in enhancing energy-storage efficiency. Importantly, we establish a connection between the theoretical model and an experimentally realizable nickel-radical molecular complex, showing that quantum coherence, entanglement, and efficient energy storage persist even at room temperature. These findings provide a realistic pathway toward the implementation of hybrid qubit-qutrit quantum batteries in solid-state molecular platforms.