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arXiv:2405.00767 · Nature Reviews Physics

Experimental aspects of indefinite causal order in quantum mechanics

Lee A. Rozema, Teodor Strömberg, Huan Cao, Yu Guo, Bi‐Heng Liu, Philip John Walther

Published Jul 19, 2024• 41 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1038/s42254-024-00739-8

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In the classical world, physical events always happen in a fixed causal order.However, it was recently revealed that quantum mechanics allows events to occur with indefinite causal order (ICO).In this study, we use an optical quantum switch to experimentally investigate the application of ICO in thermodynamic tasks.Specifically, we simulate the working system interacting with two identical thermal reservoirs in an ICO, observing the quantum heat extraction even though they are in thermal equilibrium where heat extraction is inaccessible by traditional thermal contact.Using such a process, we simulate an ICO refrigeration cycle and investigate its properties.We also show that by passing through the ICO channel multiple times, one can extract more heat per cycle and thus obtain a higher refrigeration performance.Our results suggest that the causal nonseparability can be a powerful resource for quantum thermodynamic tasks.