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arXiv:2401.12560 · Nonlinear Dynamics

Geometric phase for a nonstatic coherent light wave: nonlinear evolution harmonized with the dynamical phase

Jeong Ryeol Choi

Published Nov 22, 2024• 1 citation
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1007/s11071-024-10610-1

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Quantum mechanics allows the emergence of nonstatic quantum light waves in the Fock state even in a transparent medium of which electromagnetic parameters do not vary over time. Such wave packets become broad and narrow in turn periodically in the quadrature space. We investigate the effects of wave nonstaticity arisen in a static environment on the behavior of accompanying geometric phases in the Fock states. In this case, the geometric phases appear only when the measure of nonstaticity is not zero and their time behavior is deeply related to the measure of nonstaticity. While the dynamical phases undergo linear decrease over time, the geometric phases exhibit somewhat oscillatory behavior where the center of oscillation increases linearly. In particular, if the measure of nonstaticity is sufficiently high, the geometric phases abruptly change whenever the waves become narrow in the quadrature space. The understanding for the phase evolution of nonstatic light waves is necessary in their technological applications regarding wave modulations.
The phases are the main factor that affects the outcome of various optical phenomena, such as quantum superposition, wave interference, and light-matter interaction. As a light wave becomes nonstatic, an additional phase, the so-called geometric phase, takes place in its evolution. Then, due to this phase, the overall phase of the quantum wave function varies in a nonlinear way with time. Interestingly, the phase exhibits a step-like evolution if the measure of nonstaticity is extremely high. Such an abnormal phase variation is analyzed in detail for better understanding of wave nonstaticity in this work. As the wave becomes highly nonstatic, the phase factor of the electromagnetic wave evolves in a rectangular manner. However, the shape of the electromagnetic field is still a sinusoidal form on account of the compensational variation of the wave amplitude. The electromagnetic field in this case very much resembles that of a standing wave. The effects accompanying the step-phase evolution, such as modification of the probability distribution and alteration of the wave-interference profile, are analyzed and their implications are illustrated.
The characteristics of nonstatic quantum light waves in the coherent state in a static environment is investigated. It is shown that the shape of the wave varies periodically as a manifestation of its peculiar properties of nonstaticity like the case of the Fock-state analysis for a nonstatic wave. A belly occurs in the graphic of wave evolution whenever the wave is maximally displaced in the quadrature space, whereas a node takes place every time the wave passes the equilibrium point during its oscillation. In this way, a belly and a node appear in turn successively. Whereas this change of wave profile is accompanied by the periodic variation of electric and magnetic energies, the total energy is conserved. The fluctuations of quadratures also vary in a regular manner according to the wave transformation in time. While the resultant time-varying uncertainty product is always larger than (or, at least, equal to) its quantum-mechanically allowed minimal value ([Formula: see text]), it is smallest whenever the wave constitutes a belly or a node. The mechanism underlying the abnormal features of nonstatic light waves demonstrated here can be interpreted by the rotation of the squeezed-shape contour of the Wigner distribution function in phase space.