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arXiv:2312.06243

Pump-probe studies of resonantly saturated selective reflection from high-density rubidium vapor

Vladimir A. Sautenkov, Sergey A. Saakyan, Andrey A. Bobrov, Boris B. Zelener

Published Dec 11, 2023• 0 citations
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Abstract

Nonlinear selective reflection from the interface YAG window-high density rubidium vapor in the high-temperature cell is studied at the transition 5S$_{1/2}$-5P$_{3/2}$. In the experiment tunable pump and probe lasers are used. The selective reflection spectra for the laser probe beam are investigated at four different rubidium atomic densities and five different pump beam intensities. The estimated dipole-dipole interaction-induced line broadening varies from $13.2$ to $39.6$ GHz, the measured pumped intensities change from $1.2$ to $8.8$ kW$\cdot$cm$^{-2}$. Growth of the pump intensity causes reduction of the magnitude and the width of the recorded selective reflection resonance. We suggest developing all-optical modulators on the basis of nonlinear selective reflection.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.2312.06243

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Nonlinear selective reflection from the interface YAG window-high density rubidium vapor in the high-temperature cell is studied at the transition 5S1/2_{1/2}1/2​-5P3/2_{3/2}3/2​. In the experiment tunable pump and probe lasers are used. The selective reflection spectra for the laser probe beam are investigated at four different rubidium atomic densities and five different pump beam intensities. The estimated dipole-dipole interaction-induced line broadening varies from 13.213.213.2 to 39.639.639.6 GHz, the measured pumped intensities change from 1.21.21.2 to 8.88.88.8 kW⋅\cdot⋅cm−2^{-2}−2. Growth of the pump intensity causes reduction of the magnitude and the width of the recorded selective reflection resonance. We suggest developing all-optical modulators on the basis of nonlinear selective reflection.
We have investigated the nonlinear selective reflection of a laser beam (λ = 780 nm) from a high density rubidium vapor. The laser frequency was tuned over atomic transitions and coherent optical excitation of the atomic vapor was realized. The observed narrowing of reflection spectral profile is associated with a competition of two nonlinear processes: optical field induced coherent broadening (Rabi broadening) and optical saturation induced decreasing of dipole–dipole broadening of atomic transitions. For more complete understanding the spectral narrowing we suggest to perform a set of new experiments.
A nonlinear selective reflection from the boundary between a transparent dielectric and dense Rb vapor has been investigated, where the dipole broadening of the 5 S 1/2 –5 P 3/2 working transition is significantly larger than the contribution of the Doppler width. A tunable probe laser and a pump laser with a fixed frequency have been used in the experiment. At a high intensity of pump radiation, a dip has appeared in the reflection spectrum, which splits the spectrum into two symmetric resonances. The splitting value is twice the Rabi frequency. The observation of a narrow structure corresponding to the dressed atomic states opens up additional possibilities for the study of many-particle interactions.
We present an experimental study of nonlinear selective reflection at a dielectric--Cs-vapor interface, in a three-level cascade-up scheme. The nonlinear reflection at the Cs D2{\mathit{D}}_{2}D2​ resonance line is monitored in the presence of resonant irradiation at 621 nm or 658 nm (6P3/2{\mathit{P}}_{3/2}P3/2​\ensuremath{\rightarrow}8D5/2{\mathit{D}}_{5/2}D5/2​,9S1/2{\mathit{S}}_{1/2}S1/2​). Experimental reflection spectra with either counterpropagating or copropagating light beams are analyzed and compared with the theoretical predictions of F. Schuller et al. [Phys. Rev. A 47, 519 (1993)]. For a blue-detuned pump and copropagating geometry an alternative type of three-level coherent reflection resonances, specifically associated with desorbing atoms, is observed. Also observed is the nonlinear reflection associated with the off-resonant, two-photon dispersion of atoms moving parallel to the window surface. Probe beam saturation is responsible for the appearance of additional resonant features in reflection spectra. Finally we analyze crossover spectral resonances which arise from nondegenerate, four-wave-mixing processes induced by the combined influence of counterpropagating pump and probe beams, and the pump beam being partially reflected by the window.
We study the dipole–dipole spectral broadening of a resonance line at high atomic densities when the self-broadening dominates. The selective reflection spectrum of a weak probe beam from the interface of the cell window and rubidium vapour is recorded in the presence of a far-detuned pump beam. The excitation due to the pump reduces the self-broadening. We found that the self-broadening reduction dependence on the pump power is atomic density independent. These results provide experimental evidence for the disordered exciton based theory of self-broadening, and can be useful for the description of the interaction of a strong optical field with a dense resonance medium.
Abstract Coherent narrow resonances in a homogeneously broadened contour of selective reflection from the interface between a cell window and high-density atomic rubidium vapor, where the dipole broadening greatly exceeds the Doppler width of the unresolved components of rubidium D2 line, are discussed. The formation of coherent resonances is caused by the coherent scattering of probe and pump optical fields from the oscillations of populations of the ground and excited states of atoms at the beat frequency. The width of each resonance depends on the population difference decay rate. Within a simple model conditions are found for observing resonances with a Lorentzian spectral profile. The experimentally recorded coherent resonances are described by a Lorentz function with fitting parameters in the form of amplitude, width, and spectral baseline. In the limit of zero optical saturation the measured half-width of a coherent resonance (HWHM) γres/2π is about 52 MHz, which greatly exceeds the radiative decay rate of the rubidium excited state 5P3/2.
Abstract The effect of selective reflection (SR) of laser radiation from the boundary of 87 Rb D 2 -line atomic vapors and a dielectric window was studied using a nanocell (NC) with a vapor column thickness of ~300 nm. The formation of an SR with a spectral width of 25 MHz, located on atomic transitions, is demonstrated. This is a record narrowing of the 670 MHz Doppler width by a factor of 27 using single-pass geometry. The SR signal reaches several percent of the intensity of its forming radiation, and the SR amplitude’s linear dependence is maintained up to 100 mW/cm 2 , which is almost two orders of magnitude greater than the saturation intensity of optical processes when using centimeter-long cells with atomic vapors. Such a high saturation intensity value is achieved by using the nanocell.