Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:2311.08318

Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) aided cooling of strontium atoms

Korak Biswas, Patel, Kushal, S. Sagar Maurya, Pranab Dutta, Umakant D. Rapol, Yeshpal Singh

Published Nov 14, 2023• 0 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

The presence of ultra-narrow inter-combination spectroscopic lines in alkaline earth elements places them as promising candidates for optical atomic clocks, quantum computation, and for probing fundmental physics. Doppler cooling of these atoms is typically achieved through two subsequent stages: the initial cooling is on the 1s0-1p1 transition followed by cooling using the narrow-line 1s0-3p1 transition. However, due to significantly lower linewidth of the second stage cooling transition, efficient transfer of atoms into the second stage becomes technically challenging. The velocity distribution of the atoms after the first stage of cooling is too broad for atoms to be captured efficiently in the second stage cooling. As a result, the capture efficiency of atoms into the second stage Magneto-Optical Trap is low, even if the linewidth of the second stage cooling laser is artificially broadened.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.2311.08318

Related papers

Experiments With Strontium in a Vapor Cell Magneto-Optic Trap

Kurt R. Vogel, T. Dinneen, Alan Gallagher +1 more

ABSTRACT In a ceramic vapor cell we have created a robust Sr magneto-optical trap that stores about 108 atoms with lifetimes>200 ms. We eliminate the 5p 1P1—4d 1D2—*5p 3P2 leak and achieve a 10-fold improvement in trap lifetime byrepumping the 5p 3Po,2 dark states with 679 nm and 707 nm light. The observed lifetime is now limited by coldcollision losses, and we have preliminary measurements of the 2-body loss rate. Direct readout of the trap velocity distribution is possible using the narrow (7 kHz) 52 'S0----5p 3P1 intercombination line at 689 nm. We can also cool with this narrow transition and have achieved a 40-fold 1-D velocity compression for about 5% of the trapped atoms by applying this second-stage cooling. Keywords: Laser cooling, laser trapping, alkaline earths, cold collisions, frequency metrology 1. INTRODUCTION Laser cooling and trapping techniques have advanced to become an important tool of the atomic physics community, and in recent years there has been considerable interest in expanding the range of trapped elements. The alkalineearths, in particular, possess unique characteristics which make them interesting to trap. Studies of long-rangeatom-atom interactions are simplified because they have no hyperfine structure, and their narrow intercombinationtransitions make them excellent candidates for optical frequency standards. Furthermore, Doppler cooling with thesenarrow transitions can reduce temperatures to near the recoil limit.The most abundant alkaline earth isotopes have I =

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•May 1, 2000•0 citations

Laser cooling of strontium atoms toward quantum degeneracy

Hidetoshi Katori

We report on a narrow-line laser cooling and trapping of strontium atoms near quantum degeneracy. Employing a magneto-optical trap (MOT) on the spin-forbidden transition 1S0−3P1 at 689 nm, we have laser-cooled an atomic sample down to the photon recoil temperature of 400 nK with a phase space density of 10−2. The atoms were then compressed into a new type of far-off resonance optical dipole trap that was designed to allow simultaneous Doppler cooling, resulting in a phase space density of 10% to that required for quantum degeneracy. It is shown that this value is finally limited by light-assisted collisions occurring in the optical cooling. To reduce these inelastic losses, we applied evaporative cooling and demonstrated a creation of two-dimensional atomic gases.

AIP conference proceedings•Jan 1, 2001•12 citations

Experiments with strontium in a vapor cell magneto-optic trap

Kurt R. Vogel, T. Dinneen, Alan C. Gallagher +1 more

In a ceramic vapor cell we have created a robust Sr magneto- optical trap that stores about 108 atoms with lifetimes > 200 ms. We eliminate the 5p 1P1 yields 4d1D2 yields 5p 3P2 leak and achieve a 10-fold improvement in trap lifetime by re-pumping the 5p 3P0,2 dark states with 679 nm and 707 nm light. The observed lifetime is now limited by cold collision losses, and we have preliminary measurements of the 2-body loss rate. Direct readout of the trap velocity distribution is possible using the narrow 5s2 1S0 yields 5p 3P1 intercombination line at 689 nm. We can also cool with this narrow transition and have achieved a 40-fold 1D velocity compression for about 5 percent of the trapped atoms by applying this second-stage cooling.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•May 15, 1998•8 citations

Laser Cooling and Optical Lattice Trapping of Strontium Atoms

Zhanjun Fang

The Strontium cooling experiment realized to transfer atoms from the first stage broadband cooling to the second stage narrow line cooling.The temperature of the atoms after the second stage cooling is about 2μK.The lattice laser is on during the cooling process,so the atoms are loaded into the lattice when their temperature is low enough.cooled by narrow line cooling.

Yuhang jice jishu•Jan 1, 2011•1 citation

Achieving the Second Doppler Cooling and Measuring the Temperature of Strontium Atoms

Yuli Xie

To decrease the Doppler broadening and frequency shift,reducing the atomic velocity by laser cooling is necessary.Noting that through the first stage cooling,atoms can only be slowed down to the temperature at the mK level,which is too high to be loaded to the optical lattice,We made further efforts to slow down the velocity of the atoms,and the second stage cooling was implemented.When the first stage cooling stopped,using the 689 nm laser corresponding to(5s2)1S0→(5s5p)3P1further cooling the atoms could attain the temperature at as low asμK level.Using the timing sequence accurately controlling the time of interaction between the electromagnetic field and atoms.calculated the temperature through timeof-flight method.Dropping time of cold atoms in the MOT was accurately controlled,and the atomic photos were taken at 0ms and 20 ms.By analyzing the data,the atomic temperature after the second stage cooling is 4.39μK,uncertainty is only 0.19μK and the number of the atoms 1.2×107.The temperature and number of the Sr atoms offer the important reference for estimating the SNR of signal,which is also the foundation for achieving the high-precision standard of time and frequency.

Acta Sinica Quantum Optica•Jan 1, 2015•0 citations

Cooling and trapping of atomic strontium

Xinye Xu, Thomas H. Loftus, J. L. Hall +2 more

We present a detailed investigation of strontium magneto-optical trap (MOT) dynamics. Relevant physical quantities in the trap, such as temperature, atom number and density, and loss channels and lifetime, are explored with respect to various trap parameters. By studying the oscillatory response of a two-level 1S0–1P1 88Sr MOT, we firmly establish the laser cooling dynamics predicted by Doppler theory. Measurements of the MOT temperature, however, deviate severely from Doppler theory predictions, implying significant additional heating mechanisms. To explore the feasibility of attaining quantum degenerate alkaline-earth samples via evaporative cooling, we also present the first experimental demonstration of magnetically trapped metastable 88Sr. Furthermore, motivated by the goal of establishing the fermionic isotope 87Sr as one of the highest-quality, neutral-atom-based optical frequency standards, we present a preliminary study of sub-Doppler cooling in a 87Sr MOT. A dual-isotope (87Sr and 88Sr) MOT is also demonstrated.

Journal of the Optical Society of America B•May 1, 2003•138 citations
The presence of ultra-narrow inter-combination spectroscopic lines in alkaline earth elements places them as promising candidates for optical atomic clocks, quantum computation, and for probing fundmental physics. Doppler cooling of these atoms is typically achieved through two subsequent stages: the initial cooling is on the 1s0-1p1 transition followed by cooling using the narrow-line 1s0-3p1 transition. However, due to significantly lower linewidth of the second stage cooling transition, efficient transfer of atoms into the second stage becomes technically challenging. The velocity distribution of the atoms after the first stage of cooling is too broad for atoms to be captured efficiently in the second stage cooling. As a result, the capture efficiency of atoms into the second stage Magneto-Optical Trap is low, even if the linewidth of the second stage cooling laser is artificially broadened.
ABSTRACT In a ceramic vapor cell we have created a robust Sr magneto-optical trap that stores about 108 atoms with lifetimes>200 ms. We eliminate the 5p 1P1—4d 1D2—*5p 3P2 leak and achieve a 10-fold improvement in trap lifetime byrepumping the 5p 3Po,2 dark states with 679 nm and 707 nm light. The observed lifetime is now limited by coldcollision losses, and we have preliminary measurements of the 2-body loss rate. Direct readout of the trap velocity distribution is possible using the narrow (7 kHz) 52 'S0----5p 3P1 intercombination line at 689 nm. We can also cool with this narrow transition and have achieved a 40-fold 1-D velocity compression for about 5% of the trapped atoms by applying this second-stage cooling. Keywords: Laser cooling, laser trapping, alkaline earths, cold collisions, frequency metrology 1. INTRODUCTION Laser cooling and trapping techniques have advanced to become an important tool of the atomic physics community, and in recent years there has been considerable interest in expanding the range of trapped elements. The alkalineearths, in particular, possess unique characteristics which make them interesting to trap. Studies of long-rangeatom-atom interactions are simplified because they have no hyperfine structure, and their narrow intercombinationtransitions make them excellent candidates for optical frequency standards. Furthermore, Doppler cooling with thesenarrow transitions can reduce temperatures to near the recoil limit.The most abundant alkaline earth isotopes have I =
We report on a narrow-line laser cooling and trapping of strontium atoms near quantum degeneracy. Employing a magneto-optical trap (MOT) on the spin-forbidden transition 1S0−3P1 at 689 nm, we have laser-cooled an atomic sample down to the photon recoil temperature of 400 nK with a phase space density of 10−2. The atoms were then compressed into a new type of far-off resonance optical dipole trap that was designed to allow simultaneous Doppler cooling, resulting in a phase space density of 10% to that required for quantum degeneracy. It is shown that this value is finally limited by light-assisted collisions occurring in the optical cooling. To reduce these inelastic losses, we applied evaporative cooling and demonstrated a creation of two-dimensional atomic gases.
In a ceramic vapor cell we have created a robust Sr magneto- optical trap that stores about 108 atoms with lifetimes > 200 ms. We eliminate the 5p 1P1 yields 4d1D2 yields 5p 3P2 leak and achieve a 10-fold improvement in trap lifetime by re-pumping the 5p 3P0,2 dark states with 679 nm and 707 nm light. The observed lifetime is now limited by cold collision losses, and we have preliminary measurements of the 2-body loss rate. Direct readout of the trap velocity distribution is possible using the narrow 5s2 1S0 yields 5p 3P1 intercombination line at 689 nm. We can also cool with this narrow transition and have achieved a 40-fold 1D velocity compression for about 5 percent of the trapped atoms by applying this second-stage cooling.
To decrease the Doppler broadening and frequency shift,reducing the atomic velocity by laser cooling is necessary.Noting that through the first stage cooling,atoms can only be slowed down to the temperature at the mK level,which is too high to be loaded to the optical lattice,We made further efforts to slow down the velocity of the atoms,and the second stage cooling was implemented.When the first stage cooling stopped,using the 689 nm laser corresponding to(5s2)1S0→(5s5p)3P1further cooling the atoms could attain the temperature at as low asμK level.Using the timing sequence accurately controlling the time of interaction between the electromagnetic field and atoms.calculated the temperature through timeof-flight method.Dropping time of cold atoms in the MOT was accurately controlled,and the atomic photos were taken at 0ms and 20 ms.By analyzing the data,the atomic temperature after the second stage cooling is 4.39μK,uncertainty is only 0.19μK and the number of the atoms 1.2×107.The temperature and number of the Sr atoms offer the important reference for estimating the SNR of signal,which is also the foundation for achieving the high-precision standard of time and frequency.
We present a detailed investigation of strontium magneto-optical trap (MOT) dynamics. Relevant physical quantities in the trap, such as temperature, atom number and density, and loss channels and lifetime, are explored with respect to various trap parameters. By studying the oscillatory response of a two-level 1S0–1P1 88Sr MOT, we firmly establish the laser cooling dynamics predicted by Doppler theory. Measurements of the MOT temperature, however, deviate severely from Doppler theory predictions, implying significant additional heating mechanisms. To explore the feasibility of attaining quantum degenerate alkaline-earth samples via evaporative cooling, we also present the first experimental demonstration of magnetically trapped metastable 88Sr. Furthermore, motivated by the goal of establishing the fermionic isotope 87Sr as one of the highest-quality, neutral-atom-based optical frequency standards, we present a preliminary study of sub-Doppler cooling in a 87Sr MOT. A dual-isotope (87Sr and 88Sr) MOT is also demonstrated.