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arXiv:2309.10099

Predictions on the execution of a CNOT gate of the reverse of the arrow of time

Morales, G., Manuél Ávila, F. Soberanes

Published Sep 18, 2023• 0 citations
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Abstract

Recently it has been pointed out that an outstanding application of an IBM quantum computer is to reverse the arrow of time [Lesovik et al. Sci. Rep. 9, 1 (2019)]. The issue of the consequences of the reversal of the arrow of time on the execution of a CNOT gate by a quantum device is addressed. It is predicted that if the CNOT gate is executed towards the future then this was previously executed in the past. The above might confirm the paradigm that an event in the present time influences another event in the past time [2]. Such a physical phenomena is called retrocausality.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.2309.10099

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Recently it has been pointed out that an outstanding application of an IBM quantum computer is to reverse the arrow of time [Lesovik et al. Sci. Rep. 9, 1 (2019)]. The issue of the consequences of the reversal of the arrow of time on the execution of a CNOT gate by a quantum device is addressed. It is predicted that if the CNOT gate is executed towards the future then this was previously executed in the past. The above might confirm the paradigm that an event in the present time influences another event in the past time [2]. Such a physical phenomena is called retrocausality.
Uncovering the origin of the arrow of time remains a fundamental scientifc challenge. Within the framework of statistical physics, this problem was inextricably associated with the Second Law of Thermodynamics, which declares that entropy growth proceeds from the system's entanglement with the environment. It remains to be seen, however, whether the irreversibility of time is a fundamental law of nature or whether, on the contrary, it might be circumvented. Here we show that, while in nature the complex conjugation needed for time reversal is exponentially improbable, one can design a quantum algorithm that includes complex conjugation and thus reverses a given quantum state. Using this algorithm on an IBM quantum computer enables us to experimentally demonstrate a backward time dynamics for an electron scattered on a two-level impurity.
Uncovering the origin of the arrow of time remains a fundamental scientific challenge. Within the framework of statistical physics, this problem was inextricably associated with the second law of thermodynamics, which declares that entropy growth proceeds from the system's entanglement with the environment. It remains to be seen, however, whether the irreversibility of time is a fundamental law of nature or whether, on the contrary, it might be circumvented. Here we show that, while in nature the complex conjugation needed for time reversal is exponentially improbable, one can design a quantum algorithm that includes complex conjugation and thus reverses a given quantum state. Using this algorithm on an IBM quantum computer enables us to experimentally demonstrate a backward time dynamics for an electron scattered on a two-level impurity.
Uncovering the origin of the "arrow of time" remains a fundamental scientific challenge. Within the framework of statistical physics, this problem was inextricably associated with the Second Law of Thermodynamics, which declares that entropy growth proceeds from the system's entanglement with the environment. This poses a question of whether it is possible to develop protocols for circumventing the irreversibility of time and if so to practically implement these protocols. Here we show that, while in nature the complex conjugation needed for time reversal may appear exponentially improbable, one can design a quantum algorithm that includes complex conjugation and thus reverses a given quantum state. Using this algorithm on an IBM quantum computer enables us to experimentally demonstrate a backward time dynamics for an electron scattered on a two-level impurity.
Abstract Based on the hypothesis that the (non-reversible) arrow of time is intrinsic in any system, no matter how small, the consequences are discussed. Within the framework of local quantum physics it is shown how such a semi-group action of time can consistently be extended to that of the group of spacetime translations in Minkowski space. In presence of massless excitations, however, there arise ambiguities in the theoretical extensions of the time translations to the past. The corresponding loss of quantum information on states upon time is determined. Finally, it is explained how the description of operations in classical terms combined with constraints imposed by the arrow of time leads to a quantum theoretical framework. These results suggest that the arrow of time is fundamental in nature and not merely a consequence of statistical effects on which the Second Law is based.
The thermodynamic arrow of time is directed by the second law of thermodynamics. In the last ten years, over two dozen theoretical challenges to the second law, many of them laboratory testable, have cast serious doubt on the law’s continued universality. In this paper we review a representative challenge and consider the possibility that the thermodynamic arrow might be reversed on local or global scales. Experiments are proposed to test the connections between retrocausation and a reversed thermodynamic arrow.