arXiv:2309.00969

High-efficiency, high-speed, and low-noise photonic quantum memory

Kai Shinbrough, Tegan Loveridge, B. D. Hunt, Sehyun Park, Kathleen Oolman, Thomas Reboli, J. Gary Eden, Virginia O. Lorenz

Published Sep 2, 2023• 0 citations

arXiv HTML PDF

Abstract

We present a demonstration of simultaneous high-efficiency, high-speed, and low-noise operation of a photonic quantum memory. By leveraging controllable collisional dephasing in a neutral barium atomic vapor, we demonstrate a significant improvement in memory efficiency and bandwidth over existing techniques. We achieve greater than 95% storage efficiency and 26% total efficiency of 880 GHz bandwidth photons, with $\mathcal{O}(10^{-5})$ noise photons per retrieved pulse. These ultrabroad bandwidths enable rapid quantum information processing and contribute to the development of practical quantum memories with potential applications in quantum communication, computation, and networking.

DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2309.00969

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arXiv:2309.00969

High-efficiency, high-speed, and low-noise photonic quantum memory

Kai Shinbrough, Tegan Loveridge, B. D. Hunt, Sehyun Park, Kathleen Oolman, Thomas Reboli, J. Gary Eden, Virginia O. Lorenz

Published Sep 2, 2023• 0 citations

arXiv HTML PDF

Abstract

\mathcal{O}(10^{-5})

noise photons per retrieved pulse. These ultrabroad bandwidths enable rapid quantum information processing and contribute to the development of practical quantum memories with potential applications in quantum communication, computation, and networking.

DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2309.00969

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Optical Quantum Memory In Atomic Barium With 880 GHz Bandwidth and 95% Storage Efficiency

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We demonstrate quantum memory of single-photon-level coherent pulses of 880 GHz bandwidth with 95.6(3)% storage efficiency in collisionally broadened barium vapor. We measure 26(1)% total efficiency, limited by control field power; 0.49(1) ns memory lifetime, limited by motional dephasing; and a signal-to-noise ratio of ${O}(10^{3})$ , limited by two-photon control field scattering. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this represents the best efficiency, lifetime, and noise performance of atomic quantum memories in the ultrabroadband regime $(\gt100$ GHz bandwidth) to date.We demonstrate quantum memory of single-photon-level coherent pulses of 880 GHz bandwidth with 95.6(3)% storage efficiency in collisionally broadened barium vapor. We measure 26(1)% total efficiency, limited by control field power; 0.49(1) ns memory lifetime, limited by motional dephasing; and a signal-to-noise ratio of ${O}(10^{3})$, limited by two-photon control field scattering. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this represents the best efficiency, lifetime, and noise performance of atomic quantum memories in the ultrabroadband regime $(\gt100$ GHz bandwidth) to date.

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Future optical quantum technologies, such as quantum networks, distributed quantum computing and sensing, demand efficient, broadband quantum memories. However, achieving high efficiency without introducing noise, reducing bandwidth, or limiting scalability remains a challenge. Here, we present an approach to enhance quantum memory protocols by leveraging constructive light–matter interference, leading to an increase in memory efficiency without increasing atomic density or laser intensity. We implement this method in a Raman quantum memory in warm cesium vapor and achieve more than a threefold improvement in total efficiency, reaching (34.3±8.4)%, while retaining GHz-bandwidth operation and low noise levels. Numerical simulations predict that this approach can boost efficiencies in systems limited by atomic density, such as cold atomic ensembles, from 65% to beyond 96%, while in warm atomic vapors, it could reduce the laser intensity needed to reach a given efficiency by over an order-of-magnitude, exceeding 95% total efficiency. Furthermore, our method preserves the single-mode nature of the memory at high efficiencies. This protocol is applicable to various memory architectures, paving the way toward scalable, efficient, low-noise, and high-bandwidth quantum memories.Future optical quantum technologies, such as quantum networks, distributed quantum computing and sensing, demand efficient, broadband quantum memories. However, achieving high efficiency without introducing noise, reducing bandwidth, or limiting scalability remains a challenge. Here, we present an approach to enhance quantum memory protocols by leveraging constructive light–matter interference, leading to an increase in memory efficiency without increasing atomic density or laser intensity. We implement this method in a Raman quantum memory in warm cesium vapor and achieve more than a threefold improvement in total efficiency, reaching (34.3±8.4)%, while retaining GHz-bandwidth operation and low noise levels. Numerical simulations predict that this approach can boost efficiencies in systems limited by atomic density, such as cold atomic ensembles, from 65% to beyond 96%, while in warm atomic vapors, it could reduce the laser intensity needed to reach a given efficiency by over an order-of-magnitude, exceeding 95% total efficiency. Furthermore, our method preserves the single-mode nature of the memory at high efficiencies. This protocol is applicable to various memory architectures, paving the way toward scalable, efficient, low-noise, and high-bandwidth quantum memories.

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\mathcal{O}(10^{-5})

{O}(10^{3})

, limited by two-photon control field scattering. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this represents the best efficiency, lifetime, and noise performance of atomic quantum memories in the ultrabroadband regime

(\gt100

GHz bandwidth) to date.

(> 800

GHz) signal photons with high storage efficiency [95.6(3)%] and low noise [3.8(6)

\times 10^{-5}

noise photons]. Experimental Results.- The quantum memory operation is based on the ground

(6s^{2}\ {}^{1}S_{0})

, excited

(6s6p \ {}^{1}P_{1})

, and metastable

(6s5d \ {}^{1}D_{2})

orbital states of atomic barium in a

\Lambda

-type configuration. The barium vapor is created in an 800–900 °C barium heat pipe oven with 0–1000 torr tunable argon buffer gas pressure. The ground-excited transition at 553.5 nm features large and tunable homogeneous collisional broadening due to the argon buffer gas and a peak optical depth of

d=50

. The memory operates in the so-called absorb-then-transfer (ATT) regime, in which the signal field is linearly absorbed along the ground-excited transition, whose collisionally broadened lineshape enables efficient absorption of ultra-broadband photons; the resulting atomic polarization is transferred into a so-called spin wave by application of a strong

[O(10 \ \text{uJ}),100\ \text{fs}]

control pulse along the excited-metastable transition at 1500 nm. The storage state has a 0(0.1) second coherence lifetime in the bare atom [1], but this is reduced to the

O(\text{ns})

level due to motional dephasing [0.49(1) ns measured memory lifetime]. The memory experiment is repeated at a repetition rate of 1 kHz. The total end-to-end efficiency of the memory at 900°C is 31(1)%, which is limited by available control field power.

(34.3\pm8.4)\%

, while retaining GHz-bandwidth operation and low noise levels. Numerical simulations predict that this approach can boost efficiencies in systems limited by atomic density, such as cold atomic ensembles, from

65\%

to beyond

96\%

, while in warm atomic vapors it could reduce the laser intensity needed to reach a given efficiency by over an order-of-magnitude, exceeding

95\%

total efficiency. Furthermore, our method preserves the single-mode nature of the memory at high efficiencies. This new protocol is applicable to various memory architectures, paving the way toward scalable, efficient, low-noise, and high-bandwidth quantum memories.