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arXiv:2308.15787 · Communications in computer and information science

How Does Post-quantum Cryptography Affect Central Bank Digital Currency?

Lars Hupel, Makan Rafiee

Published Jan 1, 2024• 2 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1007/978-981-97-1274-8_4

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Abstract This paper explores the coexistence possibilities of Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs) and blockchain-based cryptocurrencies within a post-quantum computing landscape. It examines the implications of emerging quantum algorithms and cryptographic techniques such as Multi-Party Computation (MPC) and Oblivious Transfer (OT). While exploring how CBDCs and cryptocurrencies might integrate defenses like post-quantum cryptography, it highlights the substantial hurdles in transitioning legacy systems and fostering widespread adoption of new standards. The paper includes comprehensive evaluations of CBDCs in a quantum context. It also features comparisons to alternative cryptocurrency models. Additionally, the paper provides insightful analyses of pertinent quantum methodologies. Examinations of interfaces between these methods and blockchain architectures are also included. The paper carries out considered appraisals of quantum threats and their relevance for cryptocurrency schemes. Furthermore, it features discussions of the influence of anticipated advances in quantum computing on algorithms and their applications. The paper renders the judicious conclusion that long-term coexistence is viable provided challenges are constructively addressed through ongoing collaborative efforts to validate solutions and guide evolving policies.
Despite rapid evolution of digital currencies, the demand for secure, fast and scalable cross border payment solution has emerged. At the moment, the frameworks for the existing Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) are slow for transactions, lack security, and are not capable of adjusting to the dynamic changes with respect to the exchange rate. This paper therefore suggests a novel Quantum Ledger Based Multi Currency Smart Exchange System (QL-MSES) to counter challenges Quantum computers are capable of, quantum cryptography, quantum ledger technology and machine learning driven prediction models. The real time sound synchronization of global transactions as well as unbreakable encryption are performed in Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) and Quantum Entanglement Protocol (QEP systems in this system. AI-PEX proxies the rest of the world using deep reinforcement learning, and the remainder of the world input is passed through ACMA which dynamically selects the best exchange paths. In addition, the system includes the Homomorphic Encryption and Zero-Knowledge Proofs system, hence allowing the flow of information without jeopardizing the user’s privacy and without violating regulatory compliance. With this evaluation, this proposed QL-MSES is enabled to be faster with transactions, secured with data, and agile in exchanges when markets are volatile. The results of the performance evaluation show that QL-MSES offers higher efficiency and security than a conventional CBDC system. By employing this innovative solution, the applications of CBDC 3.0 can be utilised for cross border remittance, smart treasury management and decentralised finance, a revolutionary structure to adopt CBDC 3.0.