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arXiv:2308.14820

Quantized damped transversal single particle mechanical waves

Ferenc Márkus, Katalin Gambár

Published Aug 28, 2023• 0 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

In information transfer, the dissipation of a signal may have crucial importance. The feasibility of reconstructing the distorted signal also depends on this. That is why the study of quantized dissipative transversal single particle mechanical waves may have an important role. It may be true, particularly on the nanoscale in the case of signal distortion, loss, or restoration. Based on the damped oscillator quantum description, we generalize the canonical quantization procedure for the transversal waves. Furthermore, we deduce the related damped wave equation and the state function. We point out the two kinds of solutions of the wave equation. One involves the well-known spreading solution superposed with the oscillation, in which the loss of information is complete. The other is the Airy function solution, which is non-spreading, so there is information loss only due to oscillation damping. However, the structure of the wavefront remains unchanged. Thus, this result allows signal reconstruction, which is important in restoring the lost information.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.2308.14820

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In information transfer, the dissipation of a signal may have crucial importance. The feasibility of reconstructing the distorted signal also depends on this. That is why the study of quantized dissipative transversal single particle mechanical waves may have an important role. It may be true, particularly on the nanoscale in the case of signal distortion, loss, or restoration. Based on the damped oscillator quantum description, we generalize the canonical quantization procedure for the transversal waves. Furthermore, we deduce the related damped wave equation and the state function. We point out the two kinds of solutions of the wave equation. One involves the well-known spreading solution superposed with the oscillation, in which the loss of information is complete. The other is the Airy function solution, which is non-spreading, so there is information loss only due to oscillation damping. However, the structure of the wavefront remains unchanged. Thus, this result allows signal reconstruction, which is important in restoring the lost information.
In information transfer, the dissipation of a signal is of crucial importance. The feasibility of reconstructing the distorted signal depends on the related permanent loss. Therefore, understanding the quantized dissipative transversal mechanical waves might result in deep insights. In particular, it may be valid on the nanoscale in the case of signal distortion, loss, or even restoration. Based on the description of the damped quantum oscillator, we generalize the canonical quantization procedure for the case of the transversal waves. Then, we deduce the related damped wave equation and the state function. We point out the two possible solutions of the propagating-damping wave equation. One involves the well-known Gaussian spreading solution superposed with the damping oscillation, in which the loss of information is complete. The other is the Airy function solution, which is non-spreading–propagating, so the information loss is only due to oscillation damping. However, the structure of the wave shape remains unchanged for the latter. Consequently, this fact may allow signal reconstruction, resulting in the capability of restoring the lost information.
Today, two of the most prosperous fields of physics are quantum computing and spintronics. In both, the loss of information and dissipation play a crucial role. In the present work, we formulate the quantization of the dissipative oscillator, which aids the understanding of the abovementioned issues, and creates a theoretical frame to overcome these issues in the future. Based on the Lagrangian framework of the damped spring system, the canonically conjugated pairs and the Hamiltonian of the system are obtained; then, the quantization procedure can be started and consistently applied. As a result, the damping quantum wave equation of the dissipative oscillator is deduced, and an exact damping wave solution of this equation is obtained. Consequently, we arrive at an irreversible quantum theory by which the quantum losses can be described.
Quantizing dissipative systems like damped harmonic oscillators remains an ongoing challenge in theoretical physics due to their non-conservative nature.This study addresses this issue by employing the method of doubling the degrees of freedom, transforming an open, dissipative system into a closed, conservative one through the introduction of a time-reversed mirror system.The aim is to derive a quantum model consistent with classical mechanics using the Hamilton-Jacobi formalism and to formulate an equivalent Schrödinger equation.Through canonical transformations and analytical solutions, we demonstrate that damping effectively vanishes in the quantum model.These results offer new insights into the quantization of non-conservative systems and contribute to the advancement of quantum open-system theory.
A previously developed novel theory for the formal canonical quantization of classically dissipating systems will be the starting point for a detailed discussion of the quantum statistical aspects of the simple linearly damped harmonic oscillator. The formalism essentially involves complex classical canonical coordinates and momenta, and thus quite naturally leads to the possibility of creation and annihilation operators. Furthermore, the occurrence of quantal noise operators appears to be of principal importance for the conservation of the fundamental commutator in the course of time, as will be expressed in a simple fluctuation-dissipation relation. Making a canonical transformation back to the real, Cartesian Hermitian position and momentum an "effective" Hermitian Hamiltonian will be derived, with which a transformation is made from the Heisenberg frame to the Schr\"odinger frame where the density operator equation will be computed. This will make it obvious that no proper Schr\"odinger equation exists for the dissipative subsystem on its own, thus reflecting an incomplete knowledge. The master equation will then be translated into its Wigner representation. The intimate connection between the diffusion coefficients in the resulting Fokker-Planck equation and the uncertainty relation will be demonstrated in a clear fashion.
A classical many-body problem composed of an infinite number of mass points coupled together by springs is quantized. The masses and the spring constants in this system are chosen in such a way that the motion of each particle is exponentially damped. Because of the quadratic form of the Hamiltonian, the many-body wave function of the system can be written as a product of two terms: a time-dependent phase factor which contains correlations between the classical motions of the particles, and a stationary state solution of the Schrödinger equation. By assuming a Hartree type wave function for the many-particle Schrödinger equation, the contribution of the time-dependent part to the single particle wave function is determined, and it is shown that the time-dependent wave function of each mass point satisfies the nonlinear Schrödinger–Langevin equation. The characteristic decay time of any part of the subsystem, in this model, is related to the stiffness of the springs, and is the same for all particles.
The so-called Bateman system for the damped harmonic oscillator is reduced to a genuine dual dissipation system (DDS) by setting the mass to zero. We explore herein the condition under which the canonical quantization of the DDS is consistently performed. The roles of the observable and auxiliary coordinates are discriminated. The results show that the complete and orthogonal Fock space of states can be constructed on the stable vacuum if an anti-Hermite representation of the canonical Hamiltonian is adopted. The amplitude of the one-particle wavefunction is consistent with the classical solution. The fields can be quantized as bosonic or fermionic. For bosonic systems, the quantum fluctuation of the field is directly associated with the dissipation rate.