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arXiv:2308.12536 · Physical review. D/Physical review. D.

Gravitational cat states as a resource for quantum information processing

Atta Ur Rahman, A. Liu, Saeed Haddadi, Cong‐Feng Qiao

Published Mar 31, 2025• 28 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We investigate how resourceful gravitational cat states are to preserve quantum correlations. In this regard, we explore the dynamics of gravitational cat states under different situations such as thermal, classical stochastic, general decaying, and power-law noisy fields. In particular, the one-way steerability, Bell nonlocality, entanglement, and purity in two qubits are our main focus. We also address the weak measurement protocol on the dynamics of quantum correlations and purity of the state. Our results show that the gravitational cat states have a reliable and better capacity to preserve quantum correlations and remain one of the good resources for the deployment of quantum information processing protocols. Additionally, two independent channels are also employed, and it is observed that only the weaker coupling regimes are effective in preserving quantum correlations. Notably, in terms of non-Markovian dynamics implication, quantum correlations are found to be longer preserved because of the information feedback phenomenon between the system and environment. Finally, we present a brief analysis to extend our gravitational model to include the electrostatic notion, providing insight into the key differences between the considered configurations.

DOI
10.1103/physrevd.111.064077

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We explore the quantum features of two gravitational cats (gravcats) modeled by two qubits, focusing on quantum steerability, concurrence, and geometric quantum discord under varying conditions of gravitational interaction strength, temperature, and excitation energy. We first analyze the system without dephasing effects, revealing that two-way quantum steering occurs at lower temperatures and higher gravitational interaction strengths. As temperature increases, thermal noise reduces steerability, though gravitational effects remain significant, indicating a non-monotonic behavior dependent on energy and mass scales. Furthermore, quantum correlations exhibit a hierarchy, with geometric quantum discord persisting even when steering and entanglement vanish. We then explore the impact of environmental dephasing and classical correlations on the system's dynamics. Our findings demonstrate that classical correlations in correlated dephasing channels can protect quantum resources, enhancing their stability in both Markovian and non-Markovian regimes. This work highlights the intricate interplay between gravitational interactions, thermal effects, and environmental noise in preserving quantum resources.
The paradigm in which gravity can generate entanglement between distant masses represents a profound shift in our understanding of quantum-gravitational interfaces and is still among the active and debated topics. Recent work [A. ur Rahman , ] established gravitational cat states as robust carriers of quantum correlations under thermal and classical fields. In our work, we demonstrate their capacity to stabilize quantum resources under a dissipative environment, which is the dominant decoherence mechanism in engineered platforms such as superconducting qubits. By incorporating both gravitational-like and spin-orbit couplings in a Markovian open system, we analytically demonstrate that quantum correlations attain nonvanishing steady-state values, and the stationary fidelity is enhanced by increasing the gravitational-like coupling. The spin-orbit interaction drives Rabi-like oscillations that counteract monotonic decay, and the gravitational coupling mimics non-Markovian memory, enabling long-term information stability. These mechanisms position gravity-inspired interactions not merely as entanglement generators, but as active stabilizers of quantumness in realistic dissipative environments.
Abstract We study the quantumness of gravitational cat states in correlated dephasing channels. Our focus is on exploring how classical correlations between successive actions of a dephasing channel influence the decoherence of two gravitational cats (two qubits) at a thermal regime. The results show that the quantum coherence, local quantum Fisher information, and Bell non-locality can be significantly enhanced by augmenting classical correlations throughout the entire duration when the two qubits pass the channel. However, the gravitational interaction and energy gap between states exhibit intricate impacts on the quantum characteristics of gravitational cats. New features are reported that can be significant for both gravitational physics and quantum information processing.
In this article, we investigate the hierarchy of quantum correlations between two gravitational cats states (modeled by two qubits). We use concurrence to quantify the entanglement between the two gravitational cat states. Quantum steering is employed to measure the steerabilities. We consider geometric quantum discord to quantify quantum correlations beyond entanglement. We show that the concurrence persists even when steerability is lost under thermal effects. We also show that the temperature influences the degree of quantum correlations between the two gravitational cat states. Besides, when the energy difference between the ground state and the first excited level becomes significant, the states become separable.
We consider the effect of a thermal bath on quantum correlations induced by the gravitational interaction in the weak field limit between two massive cat states, called gravitational cat (gravcat) states. The main goal of this paper is to provide a good understanding of the effects of temperature and several parameters in the entanglement (measured by the concurrence) and quantum coherence (measured by the l1-norm that is defined from the minimal distance between the quantum state and the set of incoherent states) which are derived from the thermal quantum density operator. Our results show that the thermal concurrence and l1-norm can be significantly optimized by increasing the masses or decreasing the distance between them. We investigate and discuss the behavior of these quantities under temperature variations in different regimes, including some that are expected to be experimentally feasible in the future. In particular, we observe that thermal fluctuations raise non-entangled quantum correlations when entanglement suddenly drops.
Quantum dots are nanometer-scale semiconductor particles that exhibit size-dependent quantum mechanical properties. In this work, we investigate the dynamics of quantum correlations, quantified by the concurrence and the quantum coherence, in a bipartite system of coupled double quantum dots. The analysis is carried out within both Markovian and non-Markovian regimes, and further extended to different noisy quantum channels, including amplitude damping, phase flip, and phase damping. Our results show that environmental memory plays a crucial role in the preservation of quantum correlations, leading to oscillatory behavior and partial revivals in the non-Markovian regime, in contrast to the monotonic decay observed under Markovian dynamics. Moreover, distinct decoherence mechanisms induce qualitatively different effects: dissipative channels rapidly suppress correlations, while phase-based channels lead to either redistribution or gradual degradation. A key finding is that quantum coherence exhibits a higher robustness compared to entanglement under all considered conditions, highlighting its relevance as a reliable quantum resource in noisy environments. These results provide valuable insights into the control and protection of quantum correlations in realistic solid-state systems.